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HomeMy WebLinkAboutBUTTE COUNTY AIRPORT POLICY PLAN FINAL DRAFT MAY 17, 1995BUTTE COUNTY AIRPORT � POLICY -PLAN � Final ursa 1 1 ' 1 { May 17, 1995 � 1. Prepared for Butte County ALUC by The Planning Studio Class Department of Geography and Planning California State University, Chico 1 Y 1 .1 1 1� 1 1 ' 1 { May 17, 1995 � 1. Prepared for Butte County ALUC by The Planning Studio Class Department of Geography and Planning California State University, Chico 1 Y TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction....................................................................................... Findingsof Inconsistency........................................................................2 Airport Compatibility Plan.....................................................................8 Compatibility Criteria.........................................................................11 OverflightMap Discussion...................................................................12 Recommended Interim Policies...:........................................................14 Bibliography.......................................................................................... 21 Appendices............................................................................................22 I I I. n Acknowled ments Ron Faulkner City of Chico, Engineering Dept. Christa Engle Dept. of Transportation, Aeronautics Division Sean Paul Tower Manager, Chico Municipal Airport Steve Lucas Associate Planner, Butte County Lisa Purvis -Wilson Associate Planner, Butte County 1 Barry Hogan Planning Manager, Butte County ;. Tom Hayes Senior Planner, Butte County Barbara Hennigan r Samuel J. Pruitt Cartographic Coordinator ALUC Memebers John Franklin Commissioner , Fred Grest Commissioner Pat Stevens Commissioner ; Tom Lando Commissioner Join Rossas Commissioner Nina Lambert Commissioner Barry Creighton Alternate Robert Hennigan Alternate Don Smail Alternate Maryann Imbiorski Alternate Dan Chesanow Alternate ; John Papadakis Alternate Class Members Dr. William Collins Chair/Geography and Planning Dept. CSUC Scott Rush Cartographer/Editor i David Kelley Editor Angelia Stockdale Editor/Printer Kent Johanns ' . Editor Nicole Duval Garth Ward ' Brad Wall Eric Flath , Brad Pierce ' ' Craig Hoffman Robert Johnson ' Andy Keever ` Ed Philpot Robert Linn Todd Wofchuck Harjinder Chima ; John Williamson t= e 1 i Executive Summary The findings of inconsistency between the 1995 North Chico Specific Plan (NCSP) and the 1978 Chico Municipal Airport Environs Plan (CMAELUP) are based on long range compatibility concerns. The Airport Land Use Commission (ALUC) has made a finding of inconsistency. Specifically, the inconsistencies are based on the locations of an elementary school, areas of high and medium residential, and commercial, in close proximity to the Chico Municipal Airport (CMA) boundary. These uses will pose both a barrier to airport expansion in the future and safety problem. These findings of inconsistency have implications with regards to several of the documents that the consistency group has examined. After review of the documents and comparing them with Caltrans guidelines the inconsistencies of The NCSP planwith the Chico General Plan, Butte County General Plan, FAR Part150 Study and the Caltrans Airport Land Use Planning Handbook are based on the location of the overflight zone and the relation of the planned uses in the NCSP to that overflight zone. The general nature of the policies contained within'the City of Chico and The Butte County General Plans makes direct comparison difficult, however it was determined that the NCSP was in conflict with the respective. plans. The reason is that Although the NCSP meets most of Caltrans guidelines with regards to noise and safety in general it does not take into account peoples perceptions of noise and safety that could potentially restrict airport operations in the future. Some more direct conflicts become apparent when the NCSP is compared with the FAR Part 150 study and Caltrans Airport Land Use Planning Handbook. Compatibility policies are a central feature of any compatibility plan. Of equal importance, are the related criteria and maps on which the policies are based. The CAL TRANS Airport Land Use Planning Handbook identifies four criteria that are important to consider whendeveloping an airport compatibility plan: height restrictions, safety, noise and overflight. The evaluation of each of these criteria will serve as the basis for future compatibility determinations and land use decisions. III The development of individual and composite maps containing all.of the preceding criteria is a pertinent aspect of defining the planning boundary. With individual maps the delineation of appropriate compatibility zones will show the relationship between land uses and the specific criteria. Composite maps on the other hand show all criteria overlaid on a base map, which will allow for quick reference and more flexibility in the mapping of zones. This in turn will allow for the accurate development of a compatibility plan for the airport. The CSU students airport compatibility planning group has reviewed all of the documents and airport plans of the airports within Butte County's jurisdiction. We believe that Butte County will continue to grow and that the economic potential represented by the airports in Butte County will be an integral part of growth in the county. The sooner the county and its agencies with jurisdictions over airports focus on a vision of growth that includes airports, a realistic look at the land uses around the airports will become central to that vision. If airport growth becomes locked in by development then the cost of a new airport may have fiscal and land constraints. iv Introduction On January 31, 1995, the Geography and Planning 224 class of California State University, Chico, entered into' an agreement with the Butte County Planning Department to compare/contrast the proposed Airport Noise Compatibility Program and Environs Plan for the Chico Municipal Airport (CMA), to prepare documents useful for county airport compatibility planning and to prepare interim policies, for the Chico and County wide airports. In order to accomplish this task, the study was divided into three research areas: 1. Planning document consistency analysis, 2. Airport compatibility planning, research and mapping, and 3. Interim policy formulation for CMA and Butte County ALUC. The planning document consistency goal was to produce a matrix showing all inconsistencies among documents provided by Butte County using the Caltrans Airport Land Use Planning Handbook as a guide (refer to bibliography for a complete listing of documents). The mission of the airport compatibility planning was to produce an overflight map of the CMA obtained by field observations and formal interviews. Finally, the task of policy analysis was to formulate interim policies that met Caltrans Airport Land Use plan requirements. The purpose of these policies is to protect airport operations and to allow for expansion in the future while protecting the public. 1 FINDINGS . OF INCONSISTENCY Inconsistent Policies and Recommendations for Consistency ' Introduction The f ndings of inconsistency between the 1995 North Chico Specific Plan (NCSP) and the 1978 Chico Municipal Airport Environs Plan (CMAELUP) are based on long range ' compatibility concerns. TheAirport Land Use Commission (ALUC) has made a finding of P tY . inconsistency. Specifically, the inconsistencies are based on the locations of an elementary school, areas of high and medium residential,.and commercial, in close proximity to the Chico ' Municipal Airport (CMA) boundary. These uses will pose both a barrier to airport expansion in the future and safety problem. These findings of inconsistency have implications with regards ' to several of the documents that the consistency group has examined. These documents are the City of Chico General Plan, Butte County General Plan, Federal Aviation Regulation ' (FAR) Part 150 and the Caltrans Airport Land Use Planning Handbook Referring to the concluding matrices the following inconsistencies listed can be matched with the appropriate document. ' CIW OF CHICO GENERAL PLAN The Problems associated with this document reflect long range compatibility concerns. The Chico General Plan proposes to protect the future of CMA by limiting growth that would endanger future expansion. The following ,guiding policies have been found to be inconsistent with the NCSP. ' Policy l (LU -G-30): Protect the City's investment in the Chico Municipal Airport (CMA) and promote airport related development in the Airport Industrial Park and Airport environs. Poli2 U -G-31 : Continue to apply and enforce zoning and land use regulations designed oY (L ) to promote compatible development of the.airport hazard by establishing height limits and use ' restrictions and zoning districts that are specifically intended to promote compatible airport - related development. ■ ' Policy 3 (LU -G-31): Safeguard the CMA and its environs from intrusions by uses that could limit expansion of air services to meet future aviation needs. 1 ■ Inconsistency: Within the Airport environs the North Chico Specific Plan (NCSP) proposes uses which are not related to airport development. Specifically, the plan calls for Agricultural, ' Low, Medium and Hgh Density Residential designations, Commercial and Public land uses (including an elementary school). . y ' Recommendation: The locations of these. incompatible land uses should be moved to an area ' outside the overflight zone. L i Policy 3 (LU -G-31): Safeguard the CMA and its environs from intrusions by uses that could limit expansion of air services to meet future aviation needs. ' Inconsistency: By surrounding the CMA ,environs with residential,. public and commercial- i uses, expansion of air services could be limited. The Final Environmental Impact Report (FEIR) for the NCSP states, "...residential occupants may register complaints that, over time ' and in sufficient quantity, could potentially lead to restrictions in airport operations or traffic patterns. In this circumstance, in addition to direct pressure on airport operations, the attractiveness and competitiveness of the adjacent industrial lands for the location of job- ' producing industrial facilities 'that require, airport usage may potentially be decreased." NC SP FEIR, Page 3-12. ■Recommendation: The locations of these incompatible land uses should be moved to an area outside the overflight zone. ' Policy 4 : Work w,ith county and property owners to ensure that the specific plan for (I- U -I-53 ) CSA 87. Does not include any urban residential* or public assembly uses (including schools ' and day care facilities) within the Airport overflight zone as recommended by the FAR Part 150 study. ' *Urban residential is defined by the City of Chico as any density greater than 2.1 units per acre. Inconsistency: The NCSP proposes a village core area within the overflight zone. This area will contain medium and high density residential uses and an elementary school. FAR. Part 150, Exhibit III -1 and NCSP, Figure 3-2 Land Use Map. ' ■ 1 ■ 3 BUTTE COUNTY GENERAL PLAN -CIRCULATION ELEMENT In examining the Butte County General Plan the same long range compatibility concerns are ' evident. The circulation element section dealing with air transportation has two areas of conflict. Policy 1 is inconsistent with the NCSP. Policies 2 and, 4 are incomplete, in that there is no definite land use plan for the CMA as required by the Caltrans Airport Land Use Planning Handbook. Policy 5 (12.1.1): The county shall implement measures in unincorporated areasthat provide ifor continued safe operation of airports. Inconsistency: People's perception of a.safety problems may restrict airport expansion in the ' future. Recommendation: The locations of these incompatible land uses should be moved to an area ' outside the overflight zone. Policy 6 (12.1.2): The county will ensure that land uses in the vicinity of public airports are compatible with respective airport land use plans. Policy 7 (P.12): The Airport Land Use Commission (Butte County Planning Commission) shall adopt and maintain airport land use plans for the Chico and Oroville airports. Inconsistency: No definite land use plan for the CMA is completed as required by the Caltrans Airport Land Use Planning Handbook. Recommendation: A definite land use plan must be adopted for the CMA using the Caltrans Airport Land Use Planning Landbook as a guide. ' BUTTE COUNTY GENERAL PLAN LAND USE ELEMENT -PUBLIC FACILITIES The NCSP is inconsistent with the Butte County Land Use Element within in the public facilities section. The two areas that are inconsistent with NCSP are circulation systems, policies A and B, and educational facilities, policy B. 1 Policy 8 (Policy A): Schools - Consider proximity to students and compatibility of adjacent uses in creating schools. Inconsistency: NCSP proposes an elementary school site approximately 5,000 feet from the airport, an incompatible use. 4 1 ' Recommendation: The proposed location of the school in the. NCSP should be moved to an area outside the overflight zone: ` ' Poli9 (Policy A : Circulation ems - Provide transportation facilities of all types to supply Policy � Y ) � needs for rapid efficient comfortable, and safe passage of people and commodities. Policy 10 (Policy B): Provide a circulation system and plan -that is consistent with and will support existing and proposed patterns and densities of land use. Inconsistency: People's perception of safety problems could restrict airport operations and expansion in the future. Recommendation: The locations of these incompatible land uses should be moved to an area outside the overflight zone: FAR PART 150-AERPORT NOISE COMPATIBILITY PROGRAM AND ENVIRONS PLAN FOR CHICO MUNICIPAL AIRPORT The FAR Part 150 study is inconsistent with the NCSP in regards to new residential developments in the overflight zone. Policy 11: The development of new residential uses are not recommended in the area defined in Exhibit III -1 as Zone A: New development of single family residential uses is prohibited in the area defined in Exhibit III -1 as Zone B. The area defined as Zones A and B is also known as the overflight zone. Inconsistency: The NCSP designates part of Zone A as low and medium density residential and part of Zone B as low density residential. Recommendation: The locations of these incompatible land uses should be moved to an area outside the overflight zone. CALTRANS AIRPORT LAND USE PLANNING HANDBOOK The FAR Part 150 study and NCSP have been found to be inconsistent with the Caltrans Airport Land Use Handbook. These inconsistencies deal with the establishment of the overflight zone, lot coverage for commercial areas within the overflight zone, and the density of use in the overflight 5 r Policy 12: The traffic pattern/overflight zone can be generally defined .by the FAR Part77, horizontal surface. Inconsistency: FAR Part 150 defines the overflight zone for the CMA as a significantly smaller area than the horizontal. surface presented by the ALUC manual. Recommendation: Representations of the overflight zones should be made consistent within .the respective documents. Policy 13: Lot coverage within the overflight/traffic pattern zone for commercial uses should not exceed 40% to 50%. Also, 10% to 15% useable open space should be provided approximately every 1/4 to 1/2.mile within the overflight zone. Inconsistency: The NCSP designates commercial uses in the overflight zone without limiting lot coverage to 400/6-50% and does not provide for 10% to 15% usable open space ever 1/4 to 1/2 mile. Recommendation: The location of usable'open space and lot. coverage restrictions should be considered. , Policy 14: Density of Use - very large assemblies of people, in the 150 or more people per acre range needs to be avoided. Inconsistency: NCSP designated an area within the overflight/traffic pattern zone for an elementary school. A use that will cause assemblies of people grater than 150 per acre. . Recommendation: The locations of these incompatible land uses should be moved to an area outside the overflight zone. Policy 15: Special Functions - schools, hospitals and nursing homes should be avoided in .traffic pattern zones unless no other feasible alternatives are available. Inconsistency: Special functions such as an elementary secondary schools are land uses commonly regarded as requiring special protection from hazards such as aircraft accidents. The NCSP designated a school site within the overflight/traffic pattern zone subjecting this special function to airport hazards. Recommendation: The locations of these incompatible land uses should be moved to an area outside the overflight zone. 6 ' Policy 16: As summarized in the handbook, the EPA level document states that `undue Po cy � interference with activity and annoyance" will occur if outdoor'noise levels in residential areas are below ldn 55 and indoor levels are below,ldn 45. Inconsistency: NCSP designates residential' uses with in the 55-601dn zone. Structures will ' have noise attenuation on features but outdoor noise will be in the 55-60 ldn zone. 'Recommendation: The locations of these incompatible land uses should be moved to an area ioutside the overflight zone. Policy 17: The Airport Land Use Commission (ALUC) shall adopt and maintain ' comprehensive Airport Land Use Plans (CLUPs) or Airport Land Use Plan (ALUP) for the CMA. Inconsistency: No definite land use plan for the CMA is completed as required by the Public Utilities Code chapter 4, article 3 5. Recommendation: A definite land use plan must be developed for the CMA. ALUC holds the responsibility of adopting this land use plan. Summary After review of the documents and comparing them with Caltrans guidelines the inconsistencies of The NCSP plan with the Chico General Plan, Butte County General Plan, FAR Part 150 Study and the Caltrans Airport Land Use Planning Handbook are based on the location of the overflight zone and the relation of the planned uses in the NCSP to that overflight zone. The general nature of the policies contained within the City of Chico and The Butte County General Plans makes direct comparison diff cult, however it was determined that the NCSP was in conflict with the respective plans. The reason is that Although the NCSP meets most of Caltrans guidelines with regards to noise and safety in general it does not take into account peoples perceptions of noise and safety that could potentially restrict airport operations in the future. Some more direct conflicts become apparent when the NCSP is compared with the FAR Part 150 study and Caltrans Airport Land Use Planning Handbook. A graphical representation of these inconsistencies can be seen in the following matrices. 7 MATRICES Consistency Matrix Identifying Inconsistencies Page i of 1: 't AN = A licable but not Consistent P = Policy - (See Attached Policy Statements) Last Revised - May 16,1995 =Coun of Butte Ci of Chico - General Plan Elements Airport Land North Chico General FAR Part r e Use Specific Plan S P Plan . 150 - - i n it 1 to Lan Use C cu a a mi �o n Co m ss ulte:::Cvu;n ;:;nera>l:...:............._...................... 1C.............. Noise Element ............. Circulation Element - ANC <.... . 1 ifi Pan h S ec c North Chico 0 ..- `ok> Cahrans. A� +dirtMaridUse'la._:..... ndbo. . CHAPTER 2 - Preparation and Content of Compatibility Plans Purpose of Compatibility Plans CHAPTER 7 - Noise Compatibility Policy Issues EPA Leve 1 Documents _ _ , .......... ................ " CHAPTER 9 = Safety Compatibility Policy Issues Pattern/Overflight Zone €'Traff AN = A licable but not Consistent P = Policy - (See Attached Policy Statements) Last Revised - May 16,1995 Preliminary Study of Possible Inconsistencies Page 1 of 5 County of Butte City of Chico General Plan Elements Airport Land North Chico General FAR Part Use Specific Plan Plan 150 Land Use Noise Circulation Commission Land Ues Element Noise Element Circulation Element Land Use Commission North Chico Specific Plan Chico General Plan Chico FAR Part 150 AC = Applicable and Consistent N/A = Not Applicable ANC = Applicable but not Consistent P = Policy - (See Attached Policy Statements) Last Revised - May 17, 1995 Preliminary Study of Possible Inconsistencies Page 2 of 5 AC = Applicable and Consistent N/A = Not Applicable ANC = Applicable but not Consistent P = Policy - (See Attached Policy Statements) Last Revised - May 17,1995 County of Butte City of Chico General Plan Elements Airport Land North Chico General FAR Part - Use Specific Plan Plan 150 Land Use Noise Circulation Commission CHAPTER 2 - Preparation and Content of Compatibility Plans Purpose of Compatibility rp Plans <<`> CHAPTER 7 - Noise Compatibility Policy Issues FAR Part 36 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A FAR Part 150 N/A AC N/A AC AC N/A FAR Part 161 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A ................::.:: t�cFeditto «<>< '` €i><'< AC N A EPA Level Documents >P`C Federal Interagency N/A N/A N/A AC AC N/A Committee on Urban Noise (FICUN AC = Applicable and Consistent N/A = Not Applicable ANC = Applicable but not Consistent P = Policy - (See Attached Policy Statements) Last Revised - May 17,1995 Preliminary Study of Possible Inconsistencies Page 3 of 5 IState Aeronautics Act N/A I County of Butte I N/A City of Chico I N/A I AC I General Plan Elements Airport Land North Chico General FAR Part Use Specific Plan Plan 150 Airport Noise Standards Noise Circulation Commission ------------------------------ AC Department of Housing and N/A. N/A AC AC AC Urban Development (HUD ::y>:'..... . <Sa�'t�f;alb£orn. n. Department of Defense Air TLan.d N/A N/A Noise Insulation Standards N/A AC N/A Installation Compatible UseZone AC AC AC Noise Planning in Land Use AC AC AC ?? AC N/A Act Federal Interagency N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Committee on Noise . (FICON) IState Aeronautics Act N/A I N/A I N/A I I N/A I AC I N/A Airport Noise Standards AC AC AC AC AC . AC ::y>:'..... . <Sa�'t�f;alb£orn. n. Noise Insulation Standards N/A AC N/A AC AC AC Noise Planning in Land Use AC AC AC ?? AC N/A Act AC. = Applicable and Consistent N/A = Not Applicable ANC = Applicable but not Consistent P = Policy - (See Attached Policy Statements) Last Revised - May 17, 1995 Preliminary Study of Possible Inconsistencies Page 4 of 5 X.XT. County of Butte City of Chico General Plan Elements N/A Airport Land North Chico General FAR Part N/A AC - N/A Use Specific Plan Plan 150 Land Use Noise Circulation Commission Runway Protection Zones N/A N/A N/A ' N/A AC N/A (R'Zs) Expanding and Shrinking N/A AC N/A N/A N/A AC AC -.Contours N/A AC N/A Engine Run -Up Noise N/A N/A N/A N/A AC AC Noise Sensitive Areas N/A AC N/A N/A AC AC N/A N/A N/A N/A CHAPTER 9 - Safety Compatibility Policy Issues X.XT. FAR Part 77 - Runway N/A N/A N/A N/A AC - N/A Vicinity. Runway Protection Zones N/A N/A N/A ' N/A AC N/A (R'Zs) Airspace Protection N/A N/A N/A N/A AC N/A >: <<` ::::.:.:......... State Aeronautics Act N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A AC = Applicable and. Consistent N/A = Not Applicable ANC = Applicable but not.Consistent P = Policy - (See Attached Policy Statements) Last Revised -,May 17, 1995 Preliminary Study of Possible Inconsistencies Page 5 of 5 Land Use Characteristics N/A N/A AC County of Butte AC I City of Chico N/A Height to Flight N/A N/A AC AC I N/A I N/A General Plan Elements Airport Land North Chico General FAR Part Use Specific Plan Plan 150 Land Use Noise Circulation Commission State Education Code Applicable N/A AC Applicable AC I N/A I'tf�I..................:.:::.::::.::::::::::::::::.:::::::::::.:.::: Inner Safety Zone N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Outer Safety Zone N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Emergency Touchdown Zone N/A N/A- N/A N/A N/A N/A Applicable N/A N/A 7 `> AC NA / Traffic Pattern/Overflight ........ Zone <a .. `> Extend Runway Centerline N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Land Use Characteristics N/A N/A AC AC I AC j N/A Height to Flight N/A N/A AC AC I N/A I N/A AC = Applicable and Consistent N/A = Not Applicable ANC = Applicable but not Consistent P = Policy - (See Attached Policy Statements) Last Revised - May 17, 1995 BUTTE COUNTY AIRPORT COMPATIBILITY PLAN 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 i Airport Compatibility Policies Introduction Compatibility policies are a central feature of any compatibility plan. Of equal importance, are the related criteria and maps on which the policies are based. The CAL TRANS Airport Land Use Planning Handbook identifies four criteria that are important to consider when developing an airport compatibility plan: height restrictions, safety, noise and overflight. The evaluation of each of these criteria will serve as the basis for future compatibility determinations and land use decisions. Compatibility Concerns Our goal is to develop composite maps and tables that identify where and how the following criteria geographically apply within the airport vicinity. • Height Restrictions - The height limit component of Airspace Protection is mapped utilizing the Federal Aviation Regulations, Part 77, airspace plan prepared for the airport. Horizontal and conical surface maps will be employed for this purpose. Mapping of the horizontal and conical surfaces, allow for the development of adequate compatibility strategies'concerning protection of airport airspace. • Safety - As recommended by The CAL TRANS Airport Land Use Planning Handbook, the following safety zones should be identified and mapped. These zones are: (1) Runway protection zone, (2) Inner safety zone, (3) Inner turning zones, (4) Outer safety zone, (5) Sideline zones, (6)'fTraffic pattern zone. For each of the preceding zones, there should bean evaluation of three land use characteristics: Density of Use, Residential verse Nonresidential Function and Special Functions. These measures will in turn allow for the comparison and evaluation of the most acceptable land uses and forms of development within the airport vicinity • Noise - Noise is one of the most basic compatibility planning related concerns, because it is usually the most geographically extensive form of airport impact. Far Part 150 can be utilized. to determine noise contour boundaries. The contours are accurate and reliable enough for developing a strategy for noise compatibility determinations in the airport vicinity. The noise contours can be mapped on both a separate and composite map. Additional discussion and mapping should address the topic of single -event noise levels. • Overflight - We were able to map overflight patterns based on field observations and information supplied to us by Sean Paul - Tower Manager for Chico. Municipal Airport. The following are overflight maps completed: VFR arrivals and departures, , CDF arrivals and departures, and U-2 arrivals and departures (see appendix). VFR arrivals and departures account for. approximately 90% of the total flight activity, while the other 10% is composed of all other flight activity including ILS approaches. The frequency of flights at Chico Municipal airport varies with the season and typically there is an increase in airport activity during summer months especially with regards to CDF planes. In our final map, seasonal variations should also be taken into account, allowing for analysis on a year around basis, rather than just yearly averages. 9 Conclusion The development of individual and composite maps containing all of the preceding criteria is a pertinent aspect of defining the planning boundary. With individual maps the delineation of appropriate compatibility zones will show the relationship between land uses and the specific criteria. Composite maps on the other hand show all criteria overlaid on a base map, which will allow for quick reference and more flexibility in the mapping of zones. This in turn will allow for the accurate development of a compatibility plan for the airport: 10 ILLUSTRATIONS Compatibility Criteria Chico Municipal Airport Overflight Protection Zones Basis for Overflight Protection Zone The following general guidelines were used in establishing the compatibility zones on the overflight zone map. • Zone A - The boundary of this zone is'generally defined as the Overflight Zone and includes the Approach/Departure Zone. The Overflight Zone is that area where aircraft maneuver to enter or leave the traffic pattern, typically defined by the FAR Part 77 horizontal surface This zone was established as the area with the greatest safety concerns. The concerns are due to aircraft climbing, descending, turning, and changing power settings when landing at or taking off from the airport. • Zone B - The boundary of this zone is defined as the Extended Approach/Departure Zone and includes area where aircraft are commonly below 800 feet above ground level (AGL). The hazards in this area. are very similar to those in Zone A, however the effect of the same factors of landing, take -off, AND noise are not as severe because the aircraft are at higher altitudes. The perimeter of this area was established to coincide with areas where aircraft would be in the arrival/departure pattern as expressed in the following maps and would be turning and applying or reducing power. • Zone C - This area is generally defined as the outer boundary of the Common Traffic Pattern. Aircraft in this area are commonly below 1,000 AGL. The shape and size of this zone was modified to include Department of Forestry overflight patterns. The main safety concern for this area is the low overflight of CDF tankers. The other flight impacts associated with Zones A andS are not common in this zone. . ND *AESPPRONri.. VILLA RE Keefer Rd. \S4 ZONE C �. �, ►� .•u • ii a • N Overflight'Map Discussion The overflight maps presented here are principal products of the research. They are based upon field observations, published information and detailed information provided by the chief air traffic controller at Chico Municipal Airport. • VFR Arrivals and Departures - Visual flight rules identify conditions when weather is adequate for aircraft to maintain safe separation by visual means. These traffic patterns account for 90% of all aircraft traffic at the Chico Municipal airport. During arrivals, pilots will come in on a specified flight pattern upon which they will began a common traffic pattern as represented by the black lines on the VFR arrival and departure maps. Pilots will utilize the common traffic pattern to land against the wind. If their approach is into the wind to begin with, typically aircraft take a straight -in approach. (See attached map) • Non -Radio Equipped Aircraft - Aircraft utilizing this flight pattern are typically cropdusters. These aircraft are used infrequently and constitute a very small percentage of the flight into and out of the CMA. These aircraft will typically use the same flight patterns addressed in the overflight for VFR arrivals/departures. However, with the close proximity of agriculture, the flight patterns may vary somewhat. (See attached map) • U-2 Simulated Flame Out - U-2 aircraft utilize the CMA to practice a simulated pattern called "touch and go". These aircraft descend from approximately 2600 to 1600 feet above ground level (AGL) in a circular fashion upon which they land and take -off again. This flight pattern is unique and represents, under 1% of overflight. (See attached map) 12 CDF Patterns - California Department of Forestry aircraft usually follow a straight -in straight-out arrival and departure. However, with a full load, they take -off with the wind which means that the aircraft may need to make a 180 degree turn as evident by the map. These aircraft when fully loaded are very heavy and require turns that are much wider than ordinary commercial aircraft: The overflight pattern for a fully loaded CDF aircraft will be approximately 600-1000 feet above mean sea level. Also, the fully loaded speed and rate of climb is the lowest of any aircraft at Chico Municipal Airport and is approximately 400 feet per mile. (See attached map) • IFR Arrivals - Instrument flight rules governing the procedures for conducting instrument flight. Generally, IFR applies when meteorological conditions with a ceiling below 1,000 feet and visibility'less than 3 miles prevail.(See attached map) 13 Keefer Rd. 1 Sy ca More v c' �y v 13R �i I I I 31 L I. 3 R; i a 4 _ o X, Lassen Ave. Fl I � East Ave. t x a i i CHICO MUNICIPAL AIRPORT VFR ARRIVAL 0} U tUoo 2000 3000 aiKh? ��� 41 } Keefer Rd. i C' rya, r; 13L i q t 13 R I^l' L 99 3.1L I cJ /e ff 31RE .. Lassen Ave. c7 East Ave. \� c <o CHICO MUNICIPAL AIRPORT "' � Y VFR DEPARTURES / t 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 Keefer Rd. v 03 d03 cc w mac, G j 99 JL —�\ 3 'L c � 3J C' y 99 V . ilAve. i .U-Uj I y i,j 11 East Ave. c CHICO MUNICIPAL AIRPORT ui NONRADIO EQUIPPED VFR s \/ U �i lUOU 2000 3000 4Uo0 `, Lassen Ave. East Ave. Keefer Rd. CHICO MUNICIPAL AIRPORT U2 PATTERN r ti o boo- zoou soon aoa 77 efer Rd. FnA CHICO MUNICIPAL AIRPORT CDF PATTERNS �ti 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 � Rd. NIS �7C., CHICO MUNICIPAL AIRPORT IFR ARRIVALS PIM OMMiiiia 0 food 2 = 3000 MW xj 41 WL ) '1", 0 i"IN L PF �1 E" r , .�, � 4444` ,tj r^.� `.``. Transitional 4-1vd-, .. . .............. . is ur !Je_ Al ........... AL U s r B face -0,See Note) 34-1 A A r c, WRF 7JI V PPROACH SU "If rensitlo.m. [Urfa" V 48W 'Al ale; a S,r i6nce 0. 1 By ote. 4 roL�c nsur'f ace ey'end. sea, 'Sea eve conti a p it 5 the ru Surfaces a g 4 -1 0 4.0,", Tr Bit. - Al; proa6h Surface continu the sane point. I , .., . , / , At* �j LIVA k I /.1 CHICO MUNICIPAL AIRPORT FAR PART 150 AIRPORT NOISE COMPATIBILITY PROGRAM AND ENVIRONS PLAN SCALE lam) NORTH 6 10DO Mae woo 4000 LEGEND Abo.d 11011d . Cs+t. so-, ..n.z. 2 EXHIBIT III - 2 FAR PART 77 SURFACES nj P&D, Aviation A .1 no i . . LA W k j F.;11 CHICO MUNICIPAL AIRPORT FAR PART 150 AIRPORT NOISE COMPATIBILITY PROGRAM AND ENVIRONS PLAN SCALE RR on NORTH LEGEND — A.PW — cft. so—I L.W U - Alto~ 1! EXWBIT 1-3 NOISE EXPOSURE MAP: 2010 FORECAST CONDITIONS P&D Aviation A D1,111-11 P&D T .... 1.94. RECOMMENDED INTERIM POLICIES Airport Land Use Commission Policy The CSU students airport compatibility planning group has reviewed all of the documents and airport plans of the airports within Butte County's jurisdiction. Following suggestions received from the. California Department of Transportation - Aeronautics Program, we contacted the Sacramento Area Council of Governments to obtain a number of airport related documents that met Caltrans airport land use plan requirements. The documents received included: • Franklin Field Comprehensive Land Use Plan • McClellan Air Force Base Airport Plan • Sacramento Metropolitan Airport Comprehensive Land Use Plan • San Joaquin County Council of Governments Airport Land'Use Plan and • Yuba County Airport Comprehensive Land Use Plan. We also were sent from Fresno County: • Fresno Air Terminal Airport and Environs Plan ' From Krista Engel of Caltrans • Kern County Airport Compatibility Land Use Plan . ' These plans provided us with; sufficient number of examples of airport operations to conclude that Airport Land Use Commissions have specific and binding jurisdiction over ' land uses and that the Public Utilities Code (PUC) and California Code (CC) and the Education Code (EC) provide; that the ALUC has overriding decisive power and ' responsibility for the contents of the General Plans with regards to airports and the land uses surrounding those airports. In studying the land use issues surrounding local airports we have found Airport Land Use Commissions (ALUC) serve an important role in the planning process. ALUC's has two stated goals: 1. To safeguard the general welfare of the inhabitants of airports within the vicinity of airports and the general public as a whole; and 2. to provide for the orderly growth of each public airport and the area surrounding it., The Butte County Airport Land Use Commission (ALUC) has been formally established since June 28, 1984. The members of that commission are given the responsibility of safeguarding county airports areas of influence from urban encroachment. 14 1 pperformance lands'which by The commission must in the of its duties, assure that are used ' the public, surround the airports, are protected for pilots, passengers, retailers and residents in the vicinity of the airport. The Butte County ALUC must assure that those who use the air within the approach and landing surfaces of airports and the lands beneath those surfaces are sufficiently undeveloped from harm which might occur from the action ' of aircraft using the overflight spaces. The Butte County ALUC is charged with preparing policies for this airport ' protection. The documents required by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) and the California Department of Transportation, Aeronautics Program (Caltrans Aeronautics) ' are Airport Master Plans and compatibility Plans. Master plans include compatibility plans and are required to be completed prior to ' undertaking compatibility plans. Compatibility plans shall either be contained within the master plans of each individual airport by administrative agency with jurisdiction over ' individual airports or in a master plan which covers all airports within the jurisdiction of the larger agencies, e.g. Butte County. The Chico Municipal Airport is within the jurisdiction of the Butte County Airport Land Use Commission. The Chico Municipal Airport Environs Plan and policy decisions made by the City of Chico general plan and its amendments are not in compliance with the ' compatibility plan requirements of the FAA and Caltrans Aeronautics. The Chico North' Specific Plan is one such amendment that does not meet those requirements. In our analysis we found specific conditions and actions that need to be addressed by the commission. These should be resolved before the compatibility land use plans are completed. Defining Interim Policies The following are suggested measures for meeting the required findings, policies ' and implementations to insure proper safety policies for the airport. environments of Butte County Airports which are within the jurisdiction of the Butte County Airport Land Use ' Commission. c 1 1 0 1. Interim policies have three major functions: a) To protect the airport from encroachment by incompatible land uses; b) To safeguard the general welfare of the inhabitants within the vicinity of the airport and the public in general by protecting them from adverse effects of aircraft noise and reducing the number of people exposed to airport -related hazards. C) To ensure that no structures affect navigable airspace. 2. The interim policies shall be primarily directed at preventing new problems of land use incompatibility, not at removing existing incompatible uses. Incompatible development that currently exists is recognized as an existing incompatible land use. 3. Applicants for new developments within the affected areas should be informed of the boundaries where height, noise, or safety restrictions are imposed. Height standards for defining obstructions to air navigation are established by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) and are defined in FAR Part 77, Objects Affecting Navigable Airspace. Noise restrictions are governed by California Administration Code, Title 21, subchapter 6. Airport safety areas are determined by the Airport Land Use Commission.. The total area encompassed by these three sets of boundaries is referred to as the "Airport Area Influence"(Airport Land Use Plan Handbook, California Department of Transportation, Aeronautics Program). 4. The Airport Land Use Commission (ALUC) shall determine the airport area of influence for each of the airports within its jurisdiction. The ALUC shall begin the process to develop a master plan to be adopted for each airport and for Butte County by applying for funding through the proper authority. If the existing airport plans are sufficient in detail to meet the California Department of Transportation, Aeronautics Program (Caltrans AP) standards, then those plans shall be accepted, adopted and used as the basis for the construction of the Butte County Airport Land Use Plan. If the existing plans do not meet, in sufficient detail, Caltrans AP standards then each plan must be adjusted to meet those standards. 5. The ALUC insure: a) General plan amendments within the individual city and county government jurisdiction for new land uses within the airport area of influence to be consistent with proper noise, safety, airspace protection and overflight standards. b) Overruling must consist of a two-thirds vote of the governing body and must be based on written and adopted findings that the action to overrule is consistent, with Section 21670 of the California Public Utilities Code. c) Existing incompatible land uses may continue; however, no incompatible land use may be changed to another incompatible land use. d) If any incompatible land use, building or structure is damaged and the damage exceeds 50 percent of the value of the use, building or structure, and subsequent land use must be in conformity with the airport area of influence. e) The affected cities and counties ensure project proponents fulfill the notification requirements of FAR Part 77 and California Public Utilities Code sections 21658 and 21659. 16 f) In order to conduct an aeronautical study of the effect of a proposal upon navigable space, and to make a determination whether the proposal constitutes a hazard to air navigation, FAR Part 77 requires each person proposing any kind of construction or alteration to give notice to the FAA on form 7640-1, Notice of Proposed Construction or Alteration. Interim Policies 1. A re -consideration of the present safety zones considered by ALUC. Present safety and overflight zones have been defaulted to the two mile limit set by the state. As we have seen from the maps, these do not represent the existing traffic patterns and adjustments must be considered. The Chico Municipal Airport Plan, in particular, requires a more precise traffic study concerning types of crafts and the time of year; particularly the California Department of Forestry tankers and the slow climb pattern that occurs when these aircraft leave the airport. 2. A CNEL study of single event noise levels must be included in future airport compatibility plans to reflect a more precise complement of averaged noise levels. ' 3. The Butte County ALUC must adopt a position for a runway extension at the Chico Municipal Airport. (CMA). The runway length at CMA has long been considered ' adequate. In comparison to other Sacramento valley airports; however, the length may ' represent a future growth obstacle. Analysis of future aviation standards suggests that an extension of as much as 3000 feet might be required to meet the minimum requirements. At present the cost of a new runway or the extension of the present runway is prohibitive. ' Any extension of the current runway to the south may create incompatible land uses due to safety considerations and FAA standards because of the particular densities of ' development to the south. Development to the north would also be constrained due to the lands. cost of acquiring new airport 4. A study and discussion is needed as soon as possible that addresses, a) long term plans for the airport; b) the economic future of the city, county and their relationship to the airport; c) the type of air traffic that will be sought. ' If it is determined that the extension is needed, problems already exist concerning the density of land uses in the airport area and lack of runway protection policies. The ' adopted Chico North specific Plan may further threaten not only the existing airport because of its land use policies and also any future plans for airport expansion. If the situation is not addressed by plan amendments before development takes place the airport ' will be constrained from future expansion because of the prohibitive costs generated by the purchase of developed land. 1 17 t 5. Butte County and the: City of Chico should consider cluster development as an alternative land use within the airport area of influence. This would be particularly beneficial to areas in the Chico North Specific Plan. Cluster developments allow for a safety buffer for local residents by supplying pilots with adequate open space for unforeseen events. 6. We suggest the commission be strengthened through education by utilizing materials and training which is provided by the FAA and Caltrans to correct any misunderstanding the commission may have concerning their responsibilities and jurisdiction. The preceding criteria is significant because the Chico Municipal Airport has multiple aircraft types and operations. There are numerous considerations that need to be fully examined before new airport operation policies can be developed and implemented. Noise, safety, airspace protection and overflight are the most critical according to the Caltrans ALUP handbook. These issues in particular must be thoroughly investigated in order to develop effective interim policies. Finally, the Airport Commission should consider the remaining airport issues in order of importance, including those presented here. 18 Noise ' The CNEL (community noise: equivalent level) should have the following contour calculations inputs. The number of operations by aircraft type or group. • The distribution of operations by time of day for each type of aircraft. • The average takeoff profile and standard approach slope used by each aircraft type. ' • Runway system configuration and runway lengths. The geometry of common aircraft flight tracks. ' • the distribution of operations for each flight track. The 65 CNEL contour requirements must consider all of the above criteria for present and future operations of the counties airports. Safety ' The handbook suggests that safety concerns are more difficult to address because of the uncertainty of events which may occur with normal airport operations. From the of planning, the following two variables determine the degree of risk standpointp g, g ' posed by potential aircraft accidents: accident frequency and accident severity. The assessment of the preceding criteria will allow ALUC to determine adequate interim policies. 1 Airspace Protection ' The potential for aircraft accidents caused by height incompatibilities are few but the necessity for protecting airport airspace is necessary. The compatibility objective is in ' effect a safety factor which protects the airport and its surrounding area from incompatible land uses. This does so by reducing the risk of hazards to flight which are airspace ' obstructions and land use characteristics which pose other potential hazards to. flight. Finally, the compatibility policies should relate directly to the individual type of hazards. Overflight Experience has shown that noise related impacts do not stop at the boundary of the ' outermost mapped CNEL or Ldn contour. Many are sensitive to the frequent presence of aircraft overhead even at noise levels measured by cumulative noise level contours. This ' 19 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 category. of compatibility concern is not one for which many ALUC's have adopted criteria or policies. Nevertheless, it is a concern which is increasingly being expressed. Conclusion t We believe that Butte County will continue to grow and that'the economic potential represented by the airports in Butte County will be an integral part of growth in the county. The sooner the county and its agencies with jurisdictions over airports focus on a vision of growth that includes airports, a realistic look at the land uses around the airports will become central to that vision. If airport growth becomes locked in by development then the cost of a new airport will have fiscal and land constraints. 20 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 i 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Bibliography State CALTRANS Airport Land Use Planning Handbook Planning, Zoning and Developmeni Laws County Butte County Airport Facilities & Land Use Manual Butte Comprehensive Plan Butte County General Plan Circulation Element Butte County General Plan Noise Element Butte County General Plan Safety Element Butte County: North Chico Specific Plan San Joaquin Council of Governments Airport Land Use Plan City/Local Airport Environs Plan: Chico Municipal Airport Airport Noise Compatibility Program & Environs Plan for Chico Municipal Airport Chico Area Sphere of Influence Study City of Chico Draft General Plan City of Chico Draft General Plan: Vol. 2 Implementation Program/Hearing Draft Franklin Field Comprehensive Land Use Plan Fresno Airport Environs Plan Foothill Park .Accident Sites McClellan Air Force Base Comprehensive Land Use Plan Oroville Airport Land Use Plan Paradise Skypark Airport Land Use Plan Ranchero Airport Land Use Plan Sacramento Metropolitan Airport Comprehensive Land Use Plan Maps Chico Airport Instrument Land System (ILS) Tanker Departure Map Instrument Departure Map Instrument Approach Map ; 21 r 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 APPENDICES 1 . APPENDIX A 1 Airport Land Use Plan (ALUP) Handbook California Department of Transportation, Aeronautics Program The purpose of the Airport. Land Use Plan handbook is to examine factors 1 which should be considered in the development of airport compatibility' .policies. The ALUP handbook provides the following compatibility guidances'in Chapter 1 Three: ; 1. Compatibility policies, including both criteria and maps, are the central 1 component of any compatibility ;plan. 1 2. The types of compatibility,, concerns are;, . a) - noise - As defined by measurable levels of noise from aircraft operations near an airport. 1 b) - safety - From. the perspective of minimizing the risk of aircraft accidents beyond the runway environment. 1 c) - airspace protection - Accomplished by limiting the height of structures and\other objects in the airport vicinity and restrictions on other uses . which potentially posse hazards .to flight. d) - overflight - The loosely defined impacts of routine aircraft flight over a 1 community. For each compatibility category, four features are outlined; 1 a) - compatibility objective — The objective to be sought by establishment and implementation of the compatibility policies. f b) - measurement — The scale on which attainment of the objectives can be 1 measured. c) - compatibility strategies —The types of strategies which, when formulated as compatibility policies, can be used to accomplish objectives; and 1 d) - basis for''setting criteria — The basis upon which the respective compatibility criteriai,have traditionally been established, 1 The ALUP handbook sets forth a summary of basic criteria appropriate for each of the four compatibility categories;: 1 a) the criteria area create a checklist, not a specific quantitative design, and that each airport must define ;the criteria that meet. local circumstance for boundaries and zones with specific respect to each individual 'airport. 1 b) the criteria are suggestions and not intended to be mandated standards. 1 A-1 1 1 - APPE.NDIX B FINDINGS, POLICIES AND IMPLEMENTATION The concerns of airport land use planning fall into three categories: 1 Height Restrictions = protecting) the navigable airspace around airports for aircraft safety; 1 Noise Compatibility - minimizing the number of people exposed to noise from air-craft operations; ' Safety of Persons on the Ground - minimizing the numt:-cr of people exposed to hazards related to aircraft operations and accidents. 1 Thoughtful planning in these three areas, reflected in land use policies and regulations, will minimize the exposure of the public to noise and safety hazards; will provide safer aircraft operations, and will help protect the airport and the public resources it repre- sents from encroachment!by incompatible land development.. The findings, policies, and guidelines contained in this plan have three major `unctions: 1 1. To protect the airport.frgm encroachment.by incompatible land uses; 2. To safeguard'the general welfare of the inhabitants within the vicinity of 1 'he airport and the, public in general by protecting them from the dverse effects of aircraft noise and reducing the number of P'eople exposed to airport-related hazards; and that 3. To ensure no structures affect navigable airspace. This plan establishes plan'ning boundaries for the airport and provides a compre- hensive plan that defines compatible types and patterns of future land use. It should be clearly understood that this plan provides a basis for determining compatible land uses and is not a specific; development plan. This plan neither sets forth specific. land uses for any particular parcel or parcels of land, nor is .it retroactive with respect to any existing incompatible land uses. It should also be understood that this jplan governs the relationship between the air- port and the land uses that surround it and contains no recommendations concerning operations of the airport. State law provides no authority to the ALUC over airport ' operations. While this plan provides a guide to compatible. land uses around the airport,`some 1 development already exists in the area surrounding the airport that is inconsistent with the compatibility guidelines. This document is primarily directed at preventing new problems of land use incompatibility, not at removing existing incompatible uses. 1 13-1 1 Incompatible development that currently exists is recognized as an existing incom- patible land use. It should be noted that although "the ALUC recognizes the existence . of these incompatible land uses, neither this plan, or the ALUC, finds these uses to be consistent with this plan. i Airport planning boundaries define areas where height, noise, or safety restrictions are imposed, Height standards for defining obstructions to air navigation are established ' by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) and are defined in Federal Aviation Regu- lation (FAR) Part 77,' Obiects Affecting Navigable Airspace. Noise restrictions are 6. Airport governed by California Administrative Code, Title 21, Subchapter safety areas are determined by the Airport Land Use Commission. The total area encompas- sed by these three sets of boundaries is referred to as the "Airport Area-of lnfluerce". A. AIRPORT HEIGHT RESTRICTION AREA Height restrictions are necessary to ensure that objects will notimpair flight safety or decrease the operational capability of the airport. Federal Aviation Regulation (FAR) Part 77 defines .a series of imaginary surfaces surrounding ' 'airports. Any object or� structure which would penetrate any of these imaginary. surfaces is considered by the FAA to be an obstruction to air navigation. While an obstruction to air navigation may nanecessarily be a hazard to air navigation,; the FAA presumes it to be and treats it as such until an FAA aeronautical study has determined that it does not have a substantial adverse effect upon the safe and efficient use of navigable airspace by*aircraft. Figure 3 provides,an example.bf obstruction clearances. . Proponents of projects penetrating certain imaginary surfaces are required to notify the FAA of their intent. Upon notification, the FAA. initiates an aeronautical study to analyze whether or not the proposed project.would be a hazard to air navigation, makes a. determination, and sends copies to all known interested parties. It should be noted that, even if the FAA makes •a determination that a project would constitute a hazard to air navigation, they cannot prohibit its construction. California law goes further, however, and prohibits the construction of any structure that would constitute a hazard to air navigation, as definedin FAR Part,77; unless the State Department of Transportation, Division of!Aeronautics' issues a permit.' The permit is not required if the FAA determines that the proposed project does not constitute a hazard to air navigation.; FIGURE 3 OBSTRUCTION CLEARANCES PROVIDED BY FAR PART 77 IMAGINARY SURFACES e*111. 6 Of QL= SLAPU WM.M iw rouocoom Pop" AUNWAY @O Of PRIWAY SWA 9 1. Findin s a. Height. guidelines for determining if an object is an obstruction to air navigation are set forth in Federal Aviation Regulation Part 77, Obiects Affecting Navigable Airspace. Objects that would be of greater height than the imaginary horizontal and sloping surfaces contained in this regulation are deemed to be an obstruction to air navigation. b. Penetration of these imaginary surfaces by permanent structures would interfere with the operating capability of the airport, wou!d endanger pilots and passengers of aircraft operatir:g at the airport, and would pose a hazard to persons occupying those structure. 2. Policies a. The Airport Land. Use Commission adopts Federal Aviation Regulations (FAR) Part 77 imaginary surfaces to determine height restrictions for natural and man-made objects as "follows: 1) Primary Surface: A surface longitudinally centered along the run -way, extending 200 feet beyond each end of the paved runway and having a total width of 1,000 feet. 2) Horizontal Surface: A horizontal plane 150 feet above the estab-lished airport elevation, the perimeter of which is constructed by scribing an arc 10,000 feet out from the center of each end of the primary surface and connecting the arcs with tangents. 3) Conical Surface: A surface extending outward and upward from the periphery of the horizontal su, ace at a slope of 20 to 1 for a horizontal distance of 4,000 feet. 4) Approach Surface: A surface longitudinally centered on the extend -ed runway centerline, extending outward and upward from each end of the primary surface at a slope of 62.5 to 1 for a length of 50,000 feet. The width of this surface starts the same as the Primary Surface, 1,000 feet, and flares to 16,000 feet at 50,000 feet. 5) Transitional Surface: A surface extending outward and upward from the sides of the primary surface and from the sides of the approach surfaces at a slope of 7 to 1. 5-4 I. u fl 3. Implementation a. ALUC adoption of this plan sets in motion a 180 day period within which each city or county with jurisdiction over a . Note: Where imaginary surfaces overlap, such as in the case geographic area subject to this plan must take one of two where the approach surface penetrates and continues upward possible actions: and outward from the horizontal surface, the lowest surface is other land use controls and regulations, where used to determine whether or .not an object would be an necessary, to be consistent with this plan.. obstruction to air navigation. 2) The second option, if the city .or county does not concur with provisions of this plan, is to overrule any b. Any proposed new construction or expansion of existing structures -that would penetrate any of the imaginary surfaces for the Chico Muncipal Airport t: as adopted by the ALUC, is overruling must, however, be by a two-thirds vote of deemed to be an incompatible land use, unless either the FAA the governing body and must be based on written has determined that the proposed structure does not constitute a and adopted findings that -the action to overrule is consistent with Section 21670 of the California Public hazard to air navigation or the State Division of Aeronautics has Utilities Code. issued a permit allowing construction of the proposed structure. Section 21670 of the California Public Utilities Code c. Any project that may penetrate the height notification limits of iFederal Aviation Regulation (FAR) Part 77 is deemed to be an Airport Land Use Commission Law is to protect the incompatible land use until all notification requirements are public health, safety, and welfare by ensuring the fulfilled. E_5 3. Implementation a. ALUC adoption of this plan sets in motion a 180 day period within which each city or county with jurisdiction over a . geographic area subject to this plan must take one of two possible actions: 1) The first option is to amend its general plan and other land use controls and regulations, where necessary, to be consistent with this plan.. 2) The second option, if the city .or county does not concur with provisions of this plan, is to overrule any portion of the plan with which it does not agree. The ' overruling must, however, be by a two-thirds vote of the governing body and must be based on written and adopted findings that -the action to overrule is consistent with Section 21670 of the California Public Utilities Code. ' Section 21670 of the California Public Utilities Code makes it clear that the purpose of the California Airport Land Use Commission Law is to protect the public health, safety, and welfare by ensuring the 1 E_5 B. AIRPORT NOISE RESTRICTION ARE Most complaints concerning airports are related to noises generated by aircraft operations. At low levels, noise in the area around an airport is normally toler- ated; however, as exposure to noise increases, it begins to interfere with sleep, conversation, school, business, and recreational activities. The effect of noise interference on normal activities is most often described in terms of annoyance. Annoyance is a measure of the general adverse reaction people have to noise that causes interference to their normal lives. Currently the best measure of thio r,�ssoonse .to noise is the percentage of the affected population that can be characterized as "highly annoyed" by long term exposure to noise at a specified level. Community response is a term used to describe annoyance of groups of people exposed to noise sources in residential settings. The variability wa ili in the individuals react to noise makes it impossible to y accurately predict how an individual will react to a given noise. When a community or impacted area is considered as a whole; however, trends '. emerge that relate noise to annoyance. The studies of community reaction to noise have shown that the community_ response to aircraft noise is affected not only by how loud the noise is, bu also how, often the noise occurs. A study in 1970 (Schultz) analyzed the findings of a number of surveys and developed a curve that relates transportation noise exposure to annoyance in communities. This relationship has become the generally accepted model for assessing the effects of long term noise exposure on communities. In 1992, another study (U.S. Air Force- Finegold) came to similar conclusions. Thus, the "Schultz Curve" remains the ' best source of emphirical noise exposure -effect information to predict community response to transportation noise. Annoyance is thus the recommended measure of community impact. It should be noted that complaints are not an accurate measure of impact. A study in 1985 (Luz, Raspt and Schomer) supports use of annoyance, not com- plaints. Annoyance can exist without complaints and complaints can occur without annoyance. The current body of information indicates that complaints are an inadequate indicator of the full extent of noise effects on a community , or group of people. Figure 5 illustrates common sound levels and Figure 6 depicts community ' response to transportation noise. B-6 Figure S COMMON SOUND LEVEL'S COMMON OUTDOOR . NOISE LEVEL COMMON INDOOR SOUND LEVELS o8(A) SOUND LEVELS C ,cop Of LMOro AT Pe R 110 , goPJr wo TA IM O AT.j?G R - ' MT TAgoA AT '=O /T 100. ., 041011 SUBWAY rum ire. �t l 0IM OOIO AT JR " ' go'. A=eaNW AT JR.. .. on91 }mAcm AT 10 R oAWloe Oispo AL AT J R .. - -80 • YWTMO AT J R AT I® R• -w70 VAcu N (1jM0 1T 10 R-. . V02ML wgxcH •T J R -50 aJn iaA4h o -Tr a S0 aswakilimp ren cor ' .. dufT rowTTTrt . ftlt/iaw 000MTT1t 40 lava, n4rw LOW Gowum'scs - oun 30 LMMT . - - - os=T M*Wff r emisoor AT 40I7 .. CDCaTT RAML Irl ,ew�aNl 10 nw[LCLD or -LAA-4 1 0 Faure 6 COMMUNITY RESPONSE TO NOISE•. 100 so USAF Study (Slid Lire) Uno) SCHULTZ,,S a (D..fed PEOPLE HIGHLY ANNOYED 40 / 20 Day .Night Average 4S SO S3 60 dS 70 75 EO BS 90 Sound Level in dB Source: Federal Agency Review of Wooed Airoom Noise Analysis Imes. Regional interagency Committee on Noise: August oe 1992 B-7 1. Findings a: There is adequate data to, indicate that noise can be annoying to ' people, particularly those exposed to higher sound levels, and that annoyance to noise can be predicted by the Schultz Curve. b. Based on studies of noise, the State of California has established ' noise standards in the California Code of Regulations, Title 21, Subchapter 6. These standards designate the Community Noise Equivalency Level (CNEL) as the noise rating method to be used pt :-,i,purts in California. The criteria established by the code for Ftii-ports with four-engine turbojet or turbofan aircraft and 25,000 annual operations is 65 dB CNEL. C.' For land uses within the noise contour of the state mandated criteria, 65 dB CNEL, the State has deemed the following land ' uses to be incompatible: 1) Single-family dwellings ' 2) Multi -family dwellings 3) Trailer parks 4) Schools of standard construction , d. The State has established noise reduction requirements for new hotels, motels, apartment houses, and other dwelling units, , except single family dwellings, in the California Administrative Code, Title 25, Section 28. The code establishes a standard that limits noise to 45. dB CNEL, with windows closed, in any habitable room in affected dwellings. For residential dwellings, other than single family detached, in areas having an airport caused CNEL greater than 60 dB, the code requires an acoustical study showing that the structure has been. designed to meet the interior standard of 45 dB CNEL. e. Based on studies of building materials and construction types, t the following noise reduction estimates for common building construction have been calculated: r :T' -Y- Noise Reduction from Common Building Construction Noise ' Range of Noise - Construction Type Reduction (dB)** 1 ' Wood frame, stucco or wood 15-20 sheathing exterior. Interior . drywall or plaster. - Sliding 1 glass windows, with windows partially open. Same as above, but with 25-30 windows closed. Same as 1: above, but with 30-35 fixed 1/4 inch plate glass windows. ' Steel or concrete frame, 30-40 curtain wall, or masonry exterior wall.. Fixed 1/4 1 inch plate glass windows. * Range: depends on.the amount windows are open. degree of window seal, and glass area of windows. ** dB is used to express the relative loudness of sound accord- ing to -the frequency range to which the .human ear is most ' sensitive. . --------------- ---------------- Source: Noise Insulation Problems in Buildings, Paul S: Veneklasen and Associates, 1973. ' f. Practical noise control techniques are available to improve the noise reduction of common building construction by an additional 10 to 20 dB. The techniques include:. doors. 1) Heavy weatherstripping of exterior :. 2) Fixed, sealed, double -pane windows with forced ventilation or air conditioning. 3) Elimination of baffling or openings through exterior walls, including. Wall air conditioning units, mail slots, and attic and crawl space Vents.' 4) Adding materials to ceilingsurfaces where no. attics exist. B-9 2. Policies a. The noise contours shown in Figure 7, Airport Noise Contours, are adopted for the Sacramento Metropolitan Airport. b. Based on noise studies and analysis that show that transportation noise can be annoying, and that increases in transportation noise cause increased numbers of people to be annoyed, the number of people exposed to noise from the airport should be reduced to the lowest level possible. c. As development is proposed in the area between the 60 and 65 dB CNEL noise contours, affected cities and counties should evaluate the impact of aircraft noise on proposed development and consider requiring noise reduction measures, aviation noise easements and buyer -renter notification. d. The Land Use Compatibility Guidelines for Noise are adopted for the determination of compatible land uses in the Airport Area of Influence Caution: Land use compatibility is determined by comparing proposed land use against height, noise and safety guidelines. Proposed land uses must be compatible each. AM ' CHICO MUNICIPAL AIRPORT -LAND USE COMPATIBILITY GUIDELINES FOR NOISE iLAND USE CATEGORY COMPATIBILITY WITH and (Standard Industrial Classification Code) 60-65 65-70 70-75 75-80 80-85 CNEL CNEL CNEL CNEL CNEL RESIDENTIAL' ' Single-family detached 2 No' No' No No No No No No No No Two-family dwelling Multi -family dweiling (3+ families)No' No' No No No Group quarters, :oo-;oinq houses, and residential care (702, 704, 836) No' No No No No ' Mobile home parks or courts (6515) No' No No No No - MANUFACTURING ' Food & kindred products (20) Yes Yes Yes' Yes' Yes' ' Textiles & apparel (22, 23) Yes Yes Yes' Yes' Yes' Transportation equipment (37) Yes Yes Yes` Yes' Yes' Lumber & wood products (24) Yes Yes Yes` Yes' Yes' 1 Furniture & fixtures (25) Yes Yes Yes' Yes` Yes` Paper & allied products (26) Yes Yes Yes' . Yes' Yes` Printing &publishing (27) Yes Yes Yes` Yes` Yes` Chemicals & allied products (28) Yes Yes Yes' Yes' Yes` Asphalt paving & misc. petroleum.(295, 299) Yes Yes Yes` Yes' Yes' I. Petroleum refining (291) Yes Yes Yes` Yes', Yes' Rubber & plastics (30) Yes Yes- Yes' 'Yes` Yes' II 1 Stone, clay, glass & concrete products (32) Yes Yes Yes' Yes' Yes' II Primary & fabricated metals (33, 34) Yes Yes Yes' Yes' Yes` Electrical & electronic equipment (36) Yes Yes Yes' Yes° Yes` - Leather products (31) Yes Yes Yes` Yes' Yes' ;I Industrial, commercial & computer equipment (35) Yes Yes Yes' Yes' Yes' f Photo, optical medical equipment (38) Yes Yes Yes' Yes` Yes' i .& Miscellaneous manufacturing (39) Yes Yes Yes' Yes` Yes' ' TRANSPORTATION COMMUNICATIONS & UTILITIES j. Streets, roads & highways Yes Yes Yes Yes YesQ Heavy rail. lines: freight & passenger (40) Yes Yes Yes` Yes' Yes Light rail lines: passenger (41) Yes Yes Yes' Yes` Yesa Yes' Trucking & rail freight terminals (42) Yes Yes Yes4 Yes4 jj Warehousing & storage (422) Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Passenger terminals & stations Yes Yes Yes` Yes` Yes' Yes' No No Water transportation: freight & passenger (44) Yes Yes . Parking lots (752) Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Transportation services (47) Yes Yes Yes` Yes' No Radio, TV & telephone (48) Yes Yes Yes` Yes' No jI Courier service (4215) Yes Yes Yes' Yes' Yes` Yes' No Yes` Electrical & natural gas generation & switching (491, 492) Yes Yes Natural gas & petroleum pipelines & storage (46) Yes Yes Yes' Yes' Yes- I` Water treatment plants (494) Yes Yes Yes' Yes' Yes' Yes`' Yes` j Yes' Sewer treatment plants (4952) Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes` Yes' it Yes' Sanitary landfills (4953) Yes Yes Yes' Yes' Yes' Recycling & transfer facilities (4953) Yes Yes Yes' Yes' Yes' Hazardous material facilities (4953) CHICO MUNICIPAL AIRPORT LAND USE COMPATIBILITY GUIDELINES FOR NOISE LAND USE CATEGORY COMPATIBIUTY WITH and (Standard Industrial Classification Code) 60-65 65-70 70-75 75-80 CNEL I CNEL CNEL CNEL WHOLESALE TRADE Paints, varnishes & supplies (5198) Chemicals & allied products (516) Petroleum terminals & wholesalers (517) Miscellaneous wholesale trade (50, 51) RETAIL TRADE Department & variety stores (single) (53) Lumber, building materials & nurseries (521, 526) Grocery .& drug stores (54) Paint, glass, wallpaper & hardware (523, 525) Auto, truck, boat & RV dealers (55) Mobile home dealers (527) Auto & truck service stations (554) Fuel dealers (598) Apparel & shoes (56) Home furnishings (57) Eating & drinking (58) Miscellaneous retail trade (59) BUSINESS & PERSONAL SERVICES Auto, truck, boat, RV 8 miscellaneous repair (75, 76) Mobile home repair (1521) Commercial laundries & cleaning (721) Coin-operated laundries (7215) Photographers, beauty & barber, shoe repair (722, 725) Funeral services (726) Business services (73) Computer programming & data processing (737) Travel agencies (4724) Legal & engineering (81, 87) Banks, credit. unions & financial (63, 64, 65) Hotels, motels, inns, bed & breakfast (701) Business parks & industrial clusters Offices for rent or lease Business & vocational schools (824, 829) Construction businesses (15, 16, 17) Miscellaneous personal services (729) SHOPPING DISTRICTS Neighborhood shopping centers Community shopping centers Regional shopping centers 'i �1 80-85 CNEL Yes Yes Yes` Yes" Yes` Yes Yes Yes` Yes° Yes` YesYes I I Yes` I Yes` I Yes" Yes Yes Yes` Yes` Yes' Yes Yes Yes` Yes` No Yes Yes Yes° No No Yes Yes Yes` Yes` No Yes Yes Yes° Yes' No Yes Yes Yes` Yes° No Yes Yes Yes` Yes' No Yes Yes Yes` Yes` No Yes Yes Yes` Yes° No Yes Yes Yes` Yes° No Yes Yes Yes° Yes° No Yes Yes Yes` Yes' I No Yes Yes I Yes' Yes" j No Yes Yes " Yes` Yes' No Yes Yes Yes` Yes` I No Yes Yes Yes` Yes' I No Yes Yes Yes° Yes No Yes Yes Yes` Yes' No Yes Yes Yes` Yes" No Yes Yes Yes° Yes° No Yes Yes Yes° Yes' No Yes Yes Yes° Yes` No Yes Yes Yes° Yes` No Yes Yes Yes" Yes` No Yes Yes Yes° Yes4*5 No Yes Yes Yes' Yes` No Yes Yes Yes' Yes` No Yes Yes Yes` Yes' No Yes Yes I Yes' Yes' No Yes Yes Yes` Yes' No Yes Yes I Yes° Yes° No Yes Yes Yes ° Yes' No Yes I Yes Yes° Yes' No CHICO MUNICIPAL AIRPORT LAND USE COMPATIBILITY GUIDELINES FOR NOISE LAND USE CATEGORY COMPATIBILITY WITH and (Standard Industrial Cfansifi(Ation Code) 60-65 65-70 70-75 75-80 80-85 CNEL CNEL CNEL CNEL CNEL PUBLIC AND QUASI -PUBLIC SERVICES Post Offices '(53) Yes Yes Yes` Yes` No Government offices (91-96) . Yes Yes Yes` Yes` No Government social services (83) Yes Yes Yes°• Yes` No Elementary & secondary schools (821) Yes Yes`.' No , ' No • No Colleges & universities (822) Yes Yes" No No No Hospitals (806) Yes Yes°.' Yes`'s No- No Medical & dental laboratories (807) Yes Yes Yes' Yes` No Doctor & dentist offices (801-804) Yes Yes • Yes° , Yes` No Museums & art galleries (84) Yes Yes`.' No No No Libraries (823) Yes Yes° No No No Churches (866) Yes Yes` No No No Cemeteries (6553) Yes Yes Yes° Yes" No Jails & detention centers (9223). Yes Yes' Yes` No No Child care programs (6 or more children) (835) Yes Yes"' No No, No Nursing care facilities (805) Yes . Yes`.' No No No RECREATION Neighborhood parks Yes Yes Yee- No No Community -wide & regional parks Yes. Yes Yes No No Riding stables (7999) Yes Yes , Yes4 No No Golf courses (7992) Yes Yes Yes < Yes No Open space & natural areas Yes Yes Yes Yes° Yes`, Yes` Yes` Yes° Yes` Natural water areas Recreation & amusement centers (793, 799)' Yes Yes Yes Yes° Yes` No Physical fitness & gyms (7991) Yes Yes Yes° Yes` No Camps, campgrounds & RV parks (703) Yes Yes No No - No Dance halls, studios, schools (791) Yes Yes Yes ° Ye s° No Theaters - live performance (7922) Yes Yes4'5.6 Yes .`.5.6 No No . Motion picture theater - single or double (783) Yes YeS4 s No No Motion picture theater complex - 3 or more'(783) Yes Yes4.5 Yes Yes No1 No No Professional sports (7941) Yes Yes Yes No No Stadiums and arenas Yes Yes Yes Yes4.5.6 Yes Yes4.5'6 No No No No Auditoriums, concert halls, amphitheaters Fairgrounds and expositions (7999) Yes Yes Yes No No Racetracks (7948) Yes Yes Yes No No Theme parks . Yes . Yes Yes. No No t CHICO MUNICIPAL AIHPUH I LAND USE COMPATIBILITY GUIDELINES FOR NOISE LAND USE CATEGORY COMPATIBILITY WITH 60-S.ti 66-70 70-75 75-80 80-65 and (Standard Industrial Classification Code) CNEL CNEL CNEL CNEL CNEL AGRICULTURE AND MINING Row 8 field crops (011, 013, 016) Yes Yes Yes° Yes° Yes° Yes' Yes` Yes° Tree crops (012) Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes° No No Intensive livestock (021, 024, 027) Yes Yes Yes` Yes` Yes` Nursery products (018) Yes Yes Yes° No No 0 Poultry (025) Yes Yes Yes' Yes° Yes° Pasture grazing Yes Y es Yes' Yes` Yes° Agricultural services (07) Yes Yes Yes° Yes` Yes` Mining & quarrying (10, 12,14) Yes Yes Yes` Yes° Yes° Oil .& gas extraction (13) FOOTNOTES: Caretaker residences are a compatible use within all CNEL ranges, provided that they are ancillary to the primary use of a property, intended for the purpose of property protection or maintenance, and subject to the condition that all residential units be designed to limit intruding noise such that interior noise levels do not exceed 45 CNEL, with windows closed, in any habitable room. , 2 Second residential units are a compatible use within all CNEL ranges, subject to the condition that the proposed second unit be consistent with the provisions of Sections 65x52.1 and 65852.2 of the Califomia Govemment Code. ' Compatible only If the residential use is directly related to agricultural use of a property, such as dwelling units for the land owner, the owner's immediate family, or for employees required for the maintenance or protection of the property. All residential units shall be designed to limit intruding noise such that interior noise levels do not exceed 45 CNEL, with windows closed, in any habitable room. , ` Measures to achieve an interior noise level of 50 CNEL must be incorporated into the design and construction of portions of buildings where the public is received, office areas and other areas where people work or congregate. s Measures to achieve an interior noise level of 45 CNEL must be incorporated into the design and construction of all noise sensitive areas Including, but not limited to, rooms designed for the purpose of sleep, libraries, churches, and areas intended for indoor entertainment events. 6 Only indoor uses permitted. Am ;I 3. Implementation i a. ALUC adoption of this plan sets in motion a 180 day period, within which each city, or county with jurisdiction over a geographic area ' . subject to this plan must take one of .two. following possible actions: ' 1) The first option is to amend its General Plan and other land use controls and regulations; where necessary, to be consistent with .this plan. . does not concur 2 The second option, if the city or. county with provisions of this .plan, is to overrule any portion of the plan with which it does not agree. The overruling must, 1 however, be by a two-thirds vote of the governing body and must be based on written and adopted findings that the action to overrule is consistent with Section 21670 of the ' California Public Utilities Code. Section 21670 -of the California Public Utilities code makes it Land clear that the purpose of the California Airport Use Commission Law is to protect the public health, safery: e�1e welfare by ensuring the orderly expansion of airports and 1 the adoption of land use measures that minimize the public's exposure ,to excessive noise and safety hazards. b. Upon adoption. of this plan, -existing incompatible 'land uses may continue; however; no incompatible land use may be changed to ;another incompatible land use. C. 'Upon adoption of this plan, no incompatible land use, building, or. structure may be expanded, except. the following'. ' Single family detached residences ,1) - .2) Schools that would increase in capacity. by- less than one. l third i(1 /3) . d. : If any. incompatible land use, building, or structure is damaged. and the damage exceeds 50 percent of the value of the use, building, or;structure, any subsequent land use must be conformity with this plan, except the following. 1 ;1) Single family detached residences 2) Schools 8-15 e. f H Prior to the amendment of the general plan or specific plan, or the adoption or approval of a zoning ordinance or building regulation that would affect land that lies within the airport area of influence, the proposal must submitted to the ALUC for review and determination of compatibility. Affected cities and counties are responsible for submitting the proposal to the ALUC. Before a proposed project deemed incompatible because it would exceed ALUC adopted noise guidelines can be approved, the city or county must take action to override the pl..! ;. The action to override, including the required findings, is ,,nverned by the Airport Land Use Commission Law, Chapter 4, Article 3.5 of the California Public Utilities Code. Cities and counties are responsible for ensuring that an acoustical study is completed for residential projects, other than single family detached, having an airport caused noise impact greater than 60 dB CNEL that shows the structures are designed to meet the interior noise level standard of 45 dB CNEL. t'-16 . N impact of the heavier, faster aircraft is much more severe than that of the small piston engine airplane. C. Initial climbout after takeoff, final approach _when landing, and traffic pattern circling and go-arounds by general aviation aircraft all have high rates of accidents in the area off the airport but within one mile. d. The hazard'to people and buildings in the overflight zone is less than in areas near the ends of the runways. There is, however, a significant potential for accidents in this area under airport traffic patterns. e. Designation of safety zones around the airport and restriction -of incompatible land uses can reduce the public's exposure to safety hazards from aircraft operation. f. Certain types of land uses have been recognized as hazards to air navigation. They are: 1) Land; uses that attract large concentrations of birds within approach-climbout areas. 2) Land uses that produce smoke. , 3) Land uses with flashing lights. 4) Land Uses that reflect light. 5) Land, uses that generate electronic interference. 6) Land.uses related to flammable' materials. Policies a. The ALUC designates the following airport safety zones. for Sacramento Metropolitan Airport: 1) Clear Zone. Begins at the end _of the primary surface, 200 feet beyond the end of the paved runway surface, .and is. centered along the extended runway centerline. It has an inner width of 1,000 feet, extends outward for a length of 2,500 feet and has an outer width of 1,750 feet. 2) Approach/Departure Zone. Begins at the outer end of the Clear Zone and is centered along the extended runway centerline. It has an inner -width of 1,750 feet, extends outward for a length of 7,500 feet, and has an outer width of 4,b00 feet: B_i7 . C. L� AIRPORT SAFETY RESTRICTION AREA , Areas around airports are exposed to the possibility of aircraft accidents even with well-maintained aircraft and highly trained pilots. Despite stringent ' maintenance requirements and countless hours of training, history makes it clear that accidents are going to occur. Airport safety areas are established to minimize the number of people exposed , to aircraft crash hazards. This is accomplished by, placing restrictions on land uses in various safety areas. This plan designates three safety areas: the clear zone, the approach= departure zone, and the overflight zone. The clear zone is near the end of the runway and is the most restrictive. The approach -departure zone is located ' under the takeoff and landing slopes and is less restrictive. The overflight zone is the area under the traffic pattern and is even less restrictive. The dimensions of the safety areas were determined by evaluating FAA safety ' zone dimensions, by analyzing historical aircraft accident data and by evaluating safety zone dimensions that encompass significant hazard areas. The, risk of people on the ground being killed or injured by a falling plane is small; however, an aircraft crash is a high consequence event and when a crash does occur, the result is often catastrophic. Because of this, most , attempts at setting safety standards on the ground have not attempted to estimate accident probabilities. They have, instead, approached safety standards by determining compatible land uses assuming a crash would occur. , This plan is based on that approach. The National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) maintains extensive data on aviation accidents and their causes. Although the NTSB collects data on all accidents, it is primarily the characteristics of accidents near airports, usually within one mile of the airport that are of greatest concern in land use planning. , 1. . Findings a. A nationwide study of civil air accidents has concluded that almost ' half the accidents involving civil aircraft occur on airport property and of all aircraft accidents, 15% occur outside airport property, but within a one -mile radius of the airport. ' b. There is a difference between the flight performance and crash hazards presented by light, single-engine aircraft and larger, heavier aircraft. While the number of light aircraft accidents is greater, primarily due to the higher volume of flights, the crash CHICO MUNICIPAL AIRPORT y LAND USE COMPATIBILITY GUIDELINES FOR SAFETY ` COMPATIBILITY WITH LAND USE CATEGORY APPROACH.. and (Standard Industrial Classification Code) CLEAR DEPARTURE OVERFLIGHT /ZONE ZONE ZONE 'I', RESIDENTIAL ) Single-family detached - No Yes' Yes" < < Two-family dwelling No No Yes" I Multi -family dwelling (3+ families) No No Yes'' Group quarters, rooming houses and residential care (702, 704, 836) No No Yes" ! Mobile home parks or courts (6515) No No Yes" MANUFACTURING Food & kindred products (20) No No Yes" Textiles & apparel (22, 23) No No ' Yes'' Transportation equipment (37) No No Yes" Lumber & wood products (24) No No Yes'' Furniture & fixtures (25) F No No Yes" Paper & allied products (26) No No Yes" Printing & publishing (27) No No Yes" } Chemicals & allied products (28) No No No i Asphalt Paving & Misc. Petroleum (295, 299) No No Yes" Petroleum refining (2911) No No , No + Rubber & plastics (30) ' No No No Stone, clay, glass & concrete products (32) No No Yes Primary & fabricated metals (33, 34) No No Yes' Electrical, and electronic equipment (36) No No Yes' "° Leather products (31) No No Industrial, commercial & computer equipment (35) No No Yes' ` Photo, optical & medical equipment (38) No No Yes" Miscellaneous manufacturing (39) No No Yes'' TRANSPORTATION. COMMUNICATIONS & UTILITIES_ Streets, roads, & highways No Yes Yes Heavy rail lines: freight & passenger (40) No Yes Yes Light rail lines: passenger (41) No Yes Yes Trucking & rail freight terminals (42) No No Yes' Warehousing & storage (422) 4 No No Yes` Passenger terminals & stations No No No Water transportation: freight & passenger (44) No No Yes'' Parking lots (752) No Yes' Yes'' Transportation services (47) No No Yes" Radio, TV & telephone (48) , No No Yes' '4 Courier service (4215) No No Yes" I Electrical & natural gas generation & switching (491, 492) No No . Yes" `° d Natural gas & petroleum pipelines & storage (46) No No Yes' t Water treatment plants (494) No No Yes6'' I Sewer treatment plants (4952) No No Yes' ' Sanitary landfills (4953) No No Yes'" Recycling & transfer facilities (4953) No No Yes"' Hazardous material facilities (4953) No No Yes''= 3) overflight Zone. Generally coincides with the area overflown by aircraft during normal traffic pattern. procedures and coincides with the area under the horizontal surface, but outside of the Clear and Approach/ Departure Zones. Figure 8 shows the safety zones in detail. Figure 9 shows all safety zones overlayed on the airport. b. The following land uses are incompatible in the Clear Zone and the Approach/Departure Zone: 1) Any use that would direct a steady or flashing light of white, red, green, or amber color toward an aircraft engaged in an initial straight climb following takeoff or toward an aircraft engaged in a straight final approach toward a landing, other than an FAA approved navigational signal light or visual approach slope indicator. 2) Any use that would cause sunlight to be reflected toward an aircraft engaged in an initial straight climb following take-off or toward an aircraft engaged in a straight final approach toward a landing. 3) Any use that would generate smoke, attract large concentrations of birds, or otherwise affect safe air navigation. 4) Any use that would generate electrical interference that. could be detrimental to the operation of aircraft or airport instrumentation. 5) Any hazardous installations such as: above-ground oil, gas or chemical storage facilities, but excluding facilities for non- commer-cial, private domestic, or private agricultural use. C. The Land Use Compatibility Guidelines for Safety are adopted for the determination of compatible land uses in the Airport Area of Influence. Caution: Land use compatibility is determined by comparing proposed land use against height, noise, and safety guidelines. Proposed land uses must be compatible with each. r CHIC, O MUNICIPAL AIRPORT LAND USE COMPATIBILITY GUIDELINES FOR SAFETY COMPATIBILITY WITH LAND USE CATEGORY APPROACH - and (Standard Industrial CiassifiCatlon Coda) CLEAR DEPARTURE OVERFUGHT ZONE ZONE ZONE WHOLESALE TRADE Paints, varnishes & supplies (5198) i No ' No K Yes„ Chemicals & allied products No No'- Yes„ Petroleum truck terminals . No No Yes" Miscellaneous wholesale trade No No Yes" RETAIL TRADE Department & variety stores (single) (53) No No Yes" Lumber, budding materials & nurseries (521, 526) No No Yes" Grocery stores & drug stores (54) No � No Yes" Paint, glass, wallpaper & hardware (523, 525) No No Yes" Auto, mick, boat & RV dealers (55) No No Yes" Mobile home dealers (527) No. No Yes,' Auto & truck service stations (554) No No Yes" Fuel dealers (598) No No Yes" t Apparel & shoes (56) No No Yes'' Home furnishings (57) No N6 -Yes" , Eating & drinking (58) No No Yes' Miscellaneous retall trade (59) No No Yes" BUSINESS & PERSONAL SERVICES Auto, truck, boat, RV & miscellaneous repair (75, 76), No No Yes" Mobile home repair (1521) No No Yes" Commercial laundries & cleaning (721) ; No No Yes' Coin-operated laundries (7215) No No Yes" Photographers, beauty & barber, shoe repair (722-725) No No Yes" Funeral services (726) ; No No Yes" Business services (73) No No Yes" Yes" Computer -programming & data processing (737) No- No Travel Agencies (4724) No No, Yes' Legal & engineering (81, 87) l No' No'" Yes„ Banks, credit unions & fkvanclal (63, 64, 6b) No No Yes" Hotels, motels, Inns, bed & breakfast (701) No No Yes„ Business parks & Industrial dusters No No Yes„ Office buildings (offices for rent or lease) No No Yes" Business & vocaibnal schools (824, 829) ' 'No .rt No Yes" yes 13 Construction businesses (15, 16, 17) No No Miscellaneous personal services (729) No No Yes" SHOPPING DISTRICTS No No Yest3 Neighborhood shopping centers No No Yes Community shopping centers No Regional shopping centers No No . 8-22 11 AIRPORT CHICO MUNICIPAL LAND USE COMPATIBILITY GUIDELINES FOR SAFETY COMPATIBILITY WITH LAND USE CATEGORY and APPROACH- ' (Stsndsrd industrial Cla"Hication Cod*) CLEAR DEPARTURE OVERFUGHT ZONE ZONE ZONE SERVICES ' PUBLIC AND QUASI -PUBLIC No No Yer;3 Post offices (53) No No Yes" Govemment offices (81-96) No No Yes" ser Govemment social vices (83) No No No , Elementary & secondary schools (821) No No Colleges & universities (822) No No No No Hospitals (806) Medical & dental laboratories (807) No No Yes" Yesu Doctor & dentist offices (801.804) No No No Yes" Museums & art galleries (84) No No No Yes13 Libraries (823) No Yes Churches (866) No Yes2't0 Yes„ Cemeteries (6553) Jails & detention centers (9223) No No No Chad care programs (6 or more children) (835) No No Yes" Yes„ Nursing care facilities (805) No No RECREATION No No Y�;z.,3 Neighborhood parks No No No Community -wide & regional parks No No YeS, 3 Riding stables (7999) No Yes2'" Golf courses (7992) YOS3.s Yesz.e.,sYes s ' a ' 3 Open space & natural areas Yes3'6 Yesz.e.,z fi 12 ,3 Yes Natural water areas Recreation & amusement centers (793, 799) No No Y�,3 Physical fitness & gyms (7991) No No No No Yes13 No Camps, campgrounds 8 RV parks (703) No No Yea" Dance halls, studios & schools (791) No No Theaters - live performance (1922) No No No No Motion picture theater - single or double (783) No No No Motion picture theater complex - 3 or more (783) No Professkxsports (7941) mal No No No No No Stadiums and arenas Auditoriums; concert halls, amphitheaters No No No Fairgrounds and expositions (7999) No NoNo No No Racetracks (7948) No No oNo No Theme parks 8-22 11 I '' ri 0 t I '. CHICO MUNICIPAL AIRPORT -� LAND USE COMPATIBILITY GUIDELINES FOR SAFETY LAND USE CATEGORY COMPATIBILITY WITH AND (Standard Industrial Classification Code) APPROACH - CLEAR DEPARTURE OVERFLIGHT ZONE ZONE ZONE AGRICULTURE_ AND MINING Row & field crops (011, 013, 016) Yes" Yes2.6 Yes`3 Tree crops (012) No Yes'-' Yes'" Intensive livestock: ;021, 024, 027) No Yes" Yes` Nursery products (018) No Yes2.6 Yes'- 13 Poultry (025) No Yes,-,, Yes'- 13 Pasture & grazing YeS3.6,. Yes2.6. Yes'-13 Agricultural services (7) No Yes' Yes" Mining & quarrying (10, 12, 14) No Yes' -6 Yes` Oil & gas extraction (13) No No Yes" FOOTNOTES: ' Use compatible only if directly related to agricultural use of the property for the provision of dwelling units for the lanc owner's immediate family, or for employees required for the protection of the property. All such dwellings shall be encouraged to locate outside of the Approach -Departure Zone if parcel lines permit. Second residential units consistent with Sections 65852.1 and 65852.2 of the California Government Code are cor: ,Etitie. 2 Use compatible only if it does not result in a concentration of persons greater than 25 persons per acre at anytime or the storage of flammable or explosive material above ground. ' No building, structures, above -ground transmission lines, or storage of flammable or explosive material above ground, and no uses resulting in a gathering of more than 10 persons per acre at any time. 4 No bulk petroleum products or chemical storage. s Tour operator passenger facilities not allowed. 6 Uses compatible only if they do not result in a possibility that a water area may cause ground fog or result in a bird hazard. ' Household hazardous waste facilities operated as part of an integrated waste management program and resultinc in only temporary storage of materials is allowed. 6 Uses in buildings must be compatible. - ' Use compatible only if requirements of California Education Code, Sections 39005.7, 81036.and 81038 are fulfillec 10 No chapels or funeral homes. " No club houses, bars, restaurants or banquet facilities. Ancillary uses such as pro shops, snack bars, and specialty food and beverage services are allowed. New course layouts & revisions to existing courses must be reviewed by ALUC for safety impacts. 12 .No high intensity uses or facilities, such as structured playgrounds, ballfields; or picnic pavilions. " Uses compatible only if they do not result in a large concentration of people. A large concentration of People !s .defined as a gathering of individuals in an area that would result in an average density of greater than 25 persons per acre per hour during any 24 hour period ending at midnight, not to exceed 50 persons per acre at any time. 14 No uses that would cause. electrical interference that would be detrimental to the operation of aircraft or aircra;- instrumentation. 8-23 3. Implementation a. ALUC adoption of this plan sets in motion a 180 day period, within which each city or county with jurisdiction over a geographic area subject to this plan must take one of the two following actions. 1) The first option is to amend its General Plan and other land use controls and regulations, where necessary, to be consistent with this plan. 2) The second option, if the city or county does not concur with provisions of this plan, is to overrule any portion of the plan with which it does not agree. The overruling must," however, be by a two-thirds vote of the governing body and must be based on written and adopted findings that the action to overrule is consistent with Section 21670 of the California Public Utilities Code. Section 21670 of the California Public Utilities Code makes it clear that the purpose of the California Airport Land Use Commission Law is to protect the public health, safety, and welfare by ensuring the orderly expansion of airports and the adoption of land use measures that minimize the public's exposure to excessive noise and safety hazards. b. Upon adoption of this plan, existing incompatible land uses may continue; however, no incompatible land use may be changed to another incompatible land use. C. Upon adoption of this plan, no incompatible land use, building, or structure may be expanded, except: 1) Single family detached residences. 2) Schools that would increase in capacity by less than one- third (1 /3). d. If. any incompatible land use, building, or structure is damaged and the damage exceeds 50 percent of the value of the use, building, or structure, any subsequent land use must be in conformity with this `plan, except the following: 1) Single family detached residences. 2) Schools .B-_24 e. !Prior to the amendment of the general plan or specific plan, or the ' ;adoption or ;approval of a zoning ordinance or building regulation . .that would affect land that lies within the airport area of influence, the proposal must be. submitted to the ALUC for review and 'determination of,compatibility. Affected cities and, counties are ;responsible (for submitting the proposal to the ALUC. f. Before a proposed project deemed incompatible because it would exceed ALUC adopted land use guidelines can be approved, the :city or county must take action to override the ALUC. The action to override, ;including the required findings, is governed by the ' Airport Land Use Commission Law, Chapter 4, Article 3.5, of the: California Public Utilities Code. Z. i 1 No person shall erect or add to the height of any structure within the , boundaries of this state which will result in a structure that extends more than 500 feet above the ground on which such structure rests until a permit therefor has been issued for such purpose by the Department of Transportation. This section is not applicable to the construction of any structure if the Federal , Communications Commission is required to approve the height of the structure or ff the height of the structure is required to be approved under the Federal Aviation Act of 1958 (Public Law 85-726;72 State 7;,1). , Section 21658: Prohibition against public utility construction constituting obstruction to air navigation. ' No public utility shall construct any pole, pole line, distribution or transmission tower, or tower line, or substation structure in the vicinity of the exterior boundary of an aircraft landing area of any airport, in a location with respect to the airport and at a height so as to constitute an obstruction to air navigation, as an obstruction is defined in accordance with Part 77 of the Federal Aviation Regulations, Federal Aviation Administration, or any corresponding rules or ' 1 ' ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR LAND USE CONSISTENCY In addition to the land use compatibility requirements contained in the , Airport Land Use Commission Law, there are other requirements in the. Public Utilities Code and the Education Code for projects pro- t posed near airports. A. PUBLIC UTILITIES CODE , Section 21655: Notification to and investigation by department before acquiring site for state building. , Notwithstanding any other provision of law, if the proposed site of any state building is within two miles, measured by air line, of that point on an airport to boundary which is nearest the site, the state agency or office which proposes ' construct the building shall, before acquiring title to property for the new state building or for an addition to a present site, notify the Department of Transport- ation, in writing, of the proposed acquisition. The Department' shall investigate ' the proposed site and, within 25 days after receipt of the notice, shall submit to the state agency or office which proposes to construct the building, a written report of the investigation and its recommendations concerning acquisition of , the site. Section 21656: Permit for structures having height in excess of prescribed maximum: Exception where approval by federal agency required. , No person shall erect or add to the height of any structure within the , boundaries of this state which will result in a structure that extends more than 500 feet above the ground on which such structure rests until a permit therefor has been issued for such purpose by the Department of Transportation. This section is not applicable to the construction of any structure if the Federal , Communications Commission is required to approve the height of the structure or ff the height of the structure is required to be approved under the Federal Aviation Act of 1958 (Public Law 85-726;72 State 7;,1). , Section 21658: Prohibition against public utility construction constituting obstruction to air navigation. ' No public utility shall construct any pole, pole line, distribution or transmission tower, or tower line, or substation structure in the vicinity of the exterior boundary of an aircraft landing area of any airport, in a location with respect to the airport and at a height so as to constitute an obstruction to air navigation, as an obstruction is defined in accordance with Part 77 of the Federal Aviation Regulations, Federal Aviation Administration, or any corresponding rules or ' 1 regulations of the Federal Aviation Administration, unless the Federal Aviation Administration has determined that the pole, line, tower, or structure does not constitute a' hazard to air navigation. Section 21659: Permit for structure or growth constituting hazard to air navigation under federal regulation:. Exceptions No person shall construct any structure or permit any natural growth .to grow at a height so as to constitute a hazard to air navigation, as a hazard to air navigation is defined in "r;cordance with the regulations of the Federal Aviation Administration relating to objects affecting navigable airspace contained in Title 14 of the Code of Federal Regulations, Part 77, unless a permit allowing the construction or growth it issued by the Department of, Transportation. The permit shall not be required if the Federal Aviation Administration has deter- _ mined that the construction or growth does not constitute a hazard to air navi- gation or would not create an unsafe condition for air navigation. The previous . paragraph does not apply to a pole, pole line, distribution or transmission . tower, or tower line or substation of a public utility: Section 21661.5: Ar)groyal of plan for new airport .No political subdivision, any of its officers or employees, or any person may submit any application for the construction of a new airport to any local, regional, state, or federal agency unless the plan for such construction is first approved by the board of supervisors of the county, or the city council of the city, in which the airport is to be located and unless the plan is submitted to the appropriate .commission. exercising powers pursuant to Article .3.5 (commencing with Section 21670) of chapter of Part 1 of Division 9, and acted upon by such commission in accordance with the provisions of such article. ' Section 21661.6: Submission and approval of plan for expanding oublicly _..___� _.-__s. I'�.�L��...::a. . ♦.. ...... a......1 ..1.... n...1 n.... �.....,1 �i .ne�i%ennc Prior to the acquisition of land by any political subdivision for the purpose of expanding or enlarging an existing publicly owned airport, the "acquiring entity shall submit a plan of such expansion or enlargement to the board of supervisors'of the county, or the city council of the city, in which property proposed to be acquired is located. The plan shall show in detail the airport -related uses and other uses proposed for the property to be acquired. `The board of supervisors or the city council, as the case may be, shall, upon notice, conduct a public hearing on such plan, and shall thereafter approve or disapprove the plan. Upon approval the plan, the proposed acquisition of property may begin. The use of property so acquired shall thereafter conform to the approved plan, and any variance from such plan, or changes proposed therein, shall first be approved by the appropriate board of supervisors or city council after a public hearing on the subject of the variance or plan change. The requirements of this section are in addition to any other requirements of law relating to construction or expansion of airports. Section 21662: Approval of airport sites and issuance of airport permits The Department of Transportation shall have the authority to issue airport site approval permits, amended airport site approval permits, airport permits, and amended airport permits. No charge shall be made for the issuance of any permit. 8. EDUCATION CODE These sections reflect provisions of the Education Code related to proposed sites near airports. Section 39005: Investigation of school sites near airports To promote the safety of pupils, comprehensive community pinning, ano greater educational usefulness of school sites, the governing board of each school district, if a proposed school site is within two miles, measured by air line, of that point on an airport boundary which is nearest the site, before acquiring title to property for a new school site or for an addition to a present site, shall give the Department of Education notice in writing of the proposed acquisition and shall submit any information required by the Department of Education. Immediately after receiving notice of the proposed acquisition, the Department of Education shall notify the Department of Transportation, in writing, of the.pro- posed acquisition. The Department of Transportation shall make an investigation and report to the Department of Education within 25 days after receipt of the notice. If the Department of Transportation is no longer in operation, the*Department of Education shall, in lieu of notifying the Department of Transportation, notify the Civil Aeronautics Board or any other appropriate agency, in writing, of the proposed acquisition for the purpose of obtaining from the board or other agency any information or assistance that it may desire to give. The Department of Education shall investigate the proposed site and, within 30 days after receipt of the notice, shall submit to the governing board a written reports and its recommendations concerning acquisition of the site. U LV Section 39006: Notice and public hearing notice Notwithstanding ithstandin Section 39005, immediately after receiving of a proposed acquisition of.property which is within two miles, measured by air line, of that point on an airport boundary which is nearest the site, the Department of Education shall notify the Department of Transportation, in writing, of the proposed acquisition. The Department of Transportation shall make an investigation and report to the Department of Education within 25 days after ' receipt of the notice. As part of the investigation, the Department of Transportation shall give notice theradf to the owner and operator of the airport o who shall be granted the opportunity.to comment upon the proposed school site. If the report of the Department of Education required by Section 39005 does ' not favor the acquisition of the property for a school site, or an addition to a present school site, the governing body shall not acquire title to the property until 30 days after the department's report is received and until the department's ' report has been read at a public hearing duly called after 10 days notice by publication in a newspaper of general circulation within the school district or, if there is no such newspaper, in a newspaper of general circulation within the county in which the property is located. r Section 39007: Proposed school site within two miles of airport runway �i If, with respect to a proposed site located within two miles of an operative airport runway, the report of the Department of Education submitted to a school ' district governing board under Section 39005 or 39006 does not favor the acquisition of the site on the sole or partial basis of the unfavorable recommendation of the Department of Transportation, no state agency or officer shall grant, apportion, or :allow to the school district for expenditure, in tconnection with that site, any state funds otherwise made available under any s state. law whatever for school site acquisition or school building construction, or for expansion of existing sites and buildings, and no funds of the school district ' or of the county in which the district lies shall be expended for those purposes, except that the provisions of this section shall not apply to sites acquired prior to January 1, 1966, nor to any additions to extensions to those sites. ' If the recommendation of the Department of Transportation is unfavorable, the recommendation shall not be overruled without the express approval of the Department of Education and the State Allocation Board. In addition to the land use consistency requirements, the Public Utilities Code contains the following provisions related to land use around airports: Section 81036: Investigation of community college site near airport To promote the safety of students, comprehensive community planning, and greater educational usefulness of community college sites, the governing board of each community college district, if the proposed site is within two miles, measured 'by air line, of that point on an airport boundary which is nearest the site, before acquiring title to property for a new community college site or for an addition to,:a present site, shall give the board of governors notice in writing of the proposed acquisition and shall submit any information required by the board of governors. Immediately after receiving notice of the proposed acquisition, the board of governors shall notify the Division of Aeronautics of the Department of Transportation, in writing, of the proposed acquisition. The Division of Aeronautics shall make an investigation report to the board of governors within 25 days after receipt of the notice. If the Division of Aeronautics is no longer in operation, the board of governors shall, in lieu of notifying the Division of Aeronautics, notify the Federal Aviation Administration or any other appropriate agency, in writing of the proposed acquisition for the purpose of obtaining from the authority or other agency such information or assistance as it may desire to give. The board of governors shall investigate the proposed site and within 30 days after receipt of the notice shall submit to the governing board a written report and its recommendations concerning acquisition of the site. The governing board shall not acquire title to the property until the report of the board of governors has been received. If the report does not favor the acquisition of the property for a 'c_ommunity college site or an addition to a present community college site the governing board shall not acquire title to the property until 30 days after the department's report is received and until the board of governors' report has been read at a public hearing duly called after 10 days notice published once in a newspaper of general circulation within the community' college district, or if there is no such newspaper, then in a newspaper of general circulation within the county in which the property is located. Section 81038: Effect of disfavor of acquisition of community college site near air ort If, with respect to a proposed site located within two miles of an operative airport runway, the report of the board of governors submitted to.a community college district governing board under Section 81036 does not favor the acquisition of the site on the sole or partial basis of the unfavorable recommendation of the Division of Aeronautics of the Department of Transportation, no state agency or officer shall grant, apportion, or allow to such community college district for expenditure in connection with that site, any 8-30 • ' state funds otherwise made available under any state law whatever for. community college site acquisition or college building construction, or for expansion of: existing sites and buildings, and no.funds"of the community college district or the county in which -the district lies shall be expend -ed for such purposes; provided; that the provisions of this section shall be applic-able to .sites acquired prior to ;January 1, 1966 nor to any additions to extensions to such sites. ' -• If the recommendation of the Division of Aercnautics is unfavorable, such recommendation shall not be overruled witiic l:.t r,;a express approval of the Board of Governors and the "State Allocation. =Nerd: 1 APPENDIX C AIRPORT LAND USE COMISSION FOR BUTTE COUNTY CONCENTRATION OF PERSONS PER ACRE STANDARDS 1. 10 PERSONS FER ACME AT ANY TIME - LAND USES ARE COMPATIBLE IF THEY 00 NOT RESUL ! IN A GATHERING OF MORE THAN 10 PERSONS PER ACRE AT ANY TIME., 2. 25 PERSONS PER ACRE AT ANY TIME - LAND USES ARE COMPATIBLE IF THEY DO NOT RESULT IN A GATHERING OF MORE THAN 25 PERSONS PER ACRE AT ANY TIME. 3. AVERAGE OF 25 PERSONS PER ACRE PER HOUR - LAND USES ARE COMPAT- IBLE IF THEY DO NOT'RESULT IN A GATHERING OF INDIVIDUALS IN AN AREA THAT WOULD RESULT IN AN AVERAGE DENSITY OF GREATER THAN 25 PER SONS PER'ACRE PER HOUR DURING ANY 24 HOUR PERIOD ENDING AT MID- NIGHT, NOT TO EXCEED 50 PERSONS PER ACRE AT ANY TIME. These standards are intended protect public health, safety, and welfare by ensuring that large concentrations of people are not allowed in areas exposed to safety hazards within, areas around airports. The standards are applied by including them in Comprehensive Land Use Plans as a condition of compatibility for various land uses, implementation'of.these standards is achieved through Airport Land Use Commission (ALUC) review of development proposals and a determination of compatibility or incompatibility with the standards for the proposed development project. In order to perform a review for conformity with the concentrations of persons per acre standards and issue a determination, the ALUC must be able to review parcel specific development proposals: Examples of parcel specific development proposals are: tentative maps, site development plans, or conditional use permit applications. General Plan or. zoning amendment proposals for large areas usually do not provide sufficient parcel specific or site specific information on which to base a conformity determination on the concentration of persons standard. The ALUC reserves the sole right to determine if a development proposal contains sufficient site specific information on which to make a determination' of conformity with the concentration of persons per acre standards. Development proposals found not to C-1 contain sufficient site specific information on which to make a determination may, at the sole discretion of the ALUC, be deemed to be 'Incompatible, due to lack of site specific information', or may be deemed to be 'Compatible, subject to conditions placed on the project by the ALUC'. MethodoloM 1. 10 Persons Der Acre at Any Time - Number of persons per acre is calculated as follows: a. Determine size, in gross acres, of the development proposal or project area using a parcel specific development plari rnap. if acres are not known, divide project size in square feet by 43,560 to obtain size in acres. b. Determine highest number of persons expected in the proposal or project area at any time during a typical 24 hour period ending at midnight. C. Divide highest number of persons expected at any time during typical 24 hour period by size of proposal or project in acres to determine highest number of persons per acre at any time. Examote 1 - A proposal for an auto parking lot on 9.5 acres operating 24 hours a day. During each shift three employees are on site. It is estimated that fifty cars enter or leave each hour and each car. carries 1.5 persons. Highest Density 1. Project size is 9.5 acres. 2. Persons per hour is 50 x 1.5 = 75 + 3 employees = 78. 3. Highest density is 78 divided by 9.5, or 8. In this example the project does not exceed the standard and would be compatible with the concentration standard. I 2.' 25 Persons per Acre at any Time - Number of persons per acre is calculated as follows: t a. Determine size, in gross acres, of the development proposal or project, using a parcel specific development plan map. If acres are not known, divide project size in square feet by 43,560 to obtain size in acres. b. Determine highest number of persons expected in the proposal or project area at any time during a typical 24 hour period ending at midnight. C. Divide highest number of persons expected at any time during typical 24 hour period by size of proposal or project in acres to determine hignest number of persons per acre at any time. C-2 C-3 11 i Ex 1 = A proposa[ for a 2.7 acre riding stable with Gasses taught on riding. Classes are two hours in length and are limited to 10 persons. No spectators are allowed. There are two •instructors. 1 1. Project size is 2.7 acres. 2: Persons" per hour is 12. ' 3.. Highest density is 12 "divided by 2.7 or 4. -In this example the projzct (Mes not exceed the standard and would be compatible with the concentration ,r: idard. 3.1" Average of 25 Persons per Acre Ger Hour - Average densities of persons per acre per hour during a.24 hour period are calculated as follows: a. Determine size, in gross acres, of the development proposal or project area using a parcel specific development plan map. 1f acres are not know, divide in project size in square feet by 43,560 to obtain size acres. b. Determine number of persons expected in the proposal or project area during each hour people will be in the" project area for a typical 24 hours period ending .' at midnight. c. Add number of persons expected to be on the site during each hour of the ' typical 24 hour period "to obtain the total number of persons expected. d. Divide the total number of persons expected by the number of hours people will be; in the project area to obtain the average number of persons per hour. e. Divide the average, number of persons per hour by the project size in acres to determine that average density of persons per acre per hour. • 3.2 50 Persons Per Acre at Any Time - Number of persons per acre is calculated as follows: ' a. Determine size, in 'gross acres, of the development proposal or project, using a parcel specific development plan map. If acres are not known, divide project size in square feet by 43,560 to obtain size in acres. ' b. Determine highestnumber of persons expected in the proposal or project area at any time during; a typical"24 hour period ending at midnight. ' C. Divide, highest number of persons expected at any time during typical 24 hour period by size of proposal or project in acres to determine highest number of persons per acre at any time. C-3 11 In this example the project exceeds the 25 persons per acre per hour standard, at 34, but does not exceed the maximum density 'standard of 50 persons per acre at ' any time, at ' 41. This project would be incompatible with Airport Land Use Commission standards. Example 3.b - A proposal for a sheet metal fabrication fadiity on 2.5 acres. The ' facility will have a fabricating building, a warehouse, and a shipping dock. the facility will operate two eight hour shifts. One shift as 45 workers and the other has 30. No customers come to the facility. ' Average Density ' 1. Project size is 2.5 acres. 2. Persons per hour is 45 x 8 = 360 and 30 x 8 = 240. 3. Total persons is 600 during 16 hours of operation. ' 4. Average persons per hour is 600 divided by 16 = 37.5. 5. Average density per acre per hour is 37.5 divided by 2.5, or 15. ' r-, C-4 Example 3.a - A proposal for a 12,000 square foot mobile home repair business on a 200 x 240 foot lot. The business would operate nine hours each day. There ' would be 30 employees in the building during each hour. During four hours, a total of 15 visitors are expected each hour. Average Density 1. The size of the project is 200 x 240 feet, or 48,000 square feet. Dividing 48,000 by 43,560 results in a project of 1.1 acres. 2. The number of persons during each hour is 30 during five hours and 45 during four hours. ' 3. A total of 330 persons will be on the site during the nine hours of operation (5 x 30 = .150 and 4 x 45 = 180). 4. The average number of persons per hour is 330 divided by 9 hours, or 37. ' 5. Average density per acre per hour is 37 divided by 1.1, or 34. Highest DensN 1. The highest number of persons expected at any time is 45. (30 employees and 15 visitors). ' 2. Size of project is. 1.1 acres. 3. Dividing 45 persons by 1.1 acres results in 41 persons per acre. ' In this example the project exceeds the 25 persons per acre per hour standard, at 34, but does not exceed the maximum density 'standard of 50 persons per acre at ' any time, at ' 41. This project would be incompatible with Airport Land Use Commission standards. Example 3.b - A proposal for a sheet metal fabrication fadiity on 2.5 acres. The ' facility will have a fabricating building, a warehouse, and a shipping dock. the facility will operate two eight hour shifts. One shift as 45 workers and the other has 30. No customers come to the facility. ' Average Density ' 1. Project size is 2.5 acres. 2. Persons per hour is 45 x 8 = 360 and 30 x 8 = 240. 3. Total persons is 600 during 16 hours of operation. ' 4. Average persons per hour is 600 divided by 16 = 37.5. 5. Average density per acre per hour is 37.5 divided by 2.5, or 15. ' r-, C-4 Highest, Density d ' 1. Highest number of.persons expected at any time is 45. j 2. Size of project is 2.5 acres. ' 3. Highest density is 45 divided by 2.5, or 18. In'this example the project does not exceed either.the 25 persons. per acre per hour ' standard, or the 50 persons per acre at any time standard. This project would be compatible with Airport Land Use Commission standards. Example 3.c - A proposal for a high technology repair facility on 2.3 acres. The: facility will operate two eight hour shifts. One shift has 75 workers and the other has ' 65. No customers come to the facility: ` ' Av r Den 1. Project size is 2.3 acres. ' 2. Persons per hour is 75 x S = 600and 65 x 8 = 520.• 1 3. Tota! persons is 1,120 during 16 hours of operation. divided by 16 = 70. 4. Average persons per hour is 11120 5. Average density per 'acre per hour,is 70 divided by 2.3, or 30. Highest Density 1. Highest number of persons expected at any time is 75. ' 2. Site of project'is 2.3 acres. 3. Highest density is 75 divided by 2.3, or 32. ' In thisexample the project exceeds the 25 persons per acre per hour standard, at 30, but does not exceed the maximum density of 50 persons per acre at any time. at 32. This project would be incompatible with Airport Land Use Commission ' standards, :due to the fact the 25 persons per acre per hour standard is exceeded, 1 ' Revised 12/17/92 1 i C_5 1 ' APPENDIX D ' AERONAUTICS LAW = STATE AERONAUTICS ACT PUBLIC UTILITIES CODE (CHAPTER 4, ARTICLE 3:5) 'AIRPORT LAND USE COMMISSION - (Revised 10/21192) ' Creation; Membership; Selection 21670. (a) The Legislature hereby finds and declares that: (1) It is in the public interest to provide for the orderly development of each public use airport in this state and the area surrounding these airports so as to promote the overall goals and objectives of the California airport noise standards adopted pursuant to section 21669 and to prevent the creation of new noise and safety problems. (2) It is the purpose of this article to protect public health, safety, and welfare by ensuring the orderly expansion of airports and the adoption of land use measures that minimize the public's exposure to excessive noise and safety hazards within areas around public airports to the extent that these areas ' are not already devoted to incompatible uses. (b) in order to achieve the purposes of this article, every county in which there is located an airport which is served by a scheduled airline may establish an airport ' land use commission. Every county, in which there is located an airport which is not served by a scheduled airline, but is operated for the benefit of the general public, will establish an airport land -,use commission, except that the board of ' supervisors of the county may, after consultation with the appropriate airport operators and affected local entities and after a public hearing, adopt a resolution finding that there are no noise, public safety, or land use issues affecting any airport in. the county which require the creation of a commission and declaring the county exempt from that requirement. The board shall, in this event, transmit a copy of the resolution to the Director of Transportation. For purposes of this section, "commission" means an airport land use commission. Each commission ' shall consist of seven members to be selected as follows: (1) Two representing the cities in the county, appointed by a city selection ' committee comprised of the mayors of all the cities within that county, except that if there are any cities contiguous or adjacent to the qualifying airport, at least one representative shall be appointed therefrom. If there ' are no cities within a county. The number of representatives provided for by paragraphs (2) and (3) shall each be increased by one. (2) Two representing the county, appointed by the board of supervisors. ' ' (3) Two having expertise in aviation, appointed by a selection committee comprised of the managers of all of the public airports within that county. ' (4) One representing the general public, appointed by the other six members of the commission. Ia (c) Public officers, whether elected or appointed, may be appointed and serve as members of the commission during their term of public office. (d) Each member shall promptly appoint a single proxy to represent him or her in commission affairs and to vote on all matters when the member is not in attendance. The proxy shall be designated in a signed written instrument which shall be kept on file at the commission offices, and the proxy shall serve at the pleasure of the appointing member. A vacancy in the office of proxy shall be filled promptly by appointment of a new proxy. (e) A person having an "expertise in aviation" means a person who, by way of education, training, business, experience, vocation or avocation has acquired and possesses particular knowledge of, and familiarity with, the function, operation, and role of airports, or is an elected official of a local agency which owns or operates an airport. The commission shall be constituted pursuant to this section on and after March 1, 1988. Action by Designated Body Instead of Commission 21670.1 (a) Notwithstanding any other provision of this article, if the board of supervisors and the city selection committee of mayors in the county each makes a determination by a majority vote that proper land use planning can be accomplished through the actions of an appropriately designated body, then the body so designated shallassume the planning responsibilities of an airport land use commission as provided for in this article, and a commission need not be formed in that county. (b) A body designated pursuant to subdivision (a) which does not include among its membership at least two members having an expertise in aviation, as defined in subdivision (e) of Section 21670, shall, when acting in the capacity of an airport land use commission, be augmented so that the body, as augmented, will have at least two members having that expertise. The commission shall be constituted pursuant to this section on and after March 1, 1988. Applicability to Los Angeles County 21670.2 (a) Sections 21670 and 21670.1 do not apply to the County of Los Angeles. In that county, the county regional planning commission has the responsibility for coordinating the airport planning of public agencies within the county. In instances where impasses result relative to this planning, an appeal may be made to the county regional planning commission by any public agency involved. The action taken by the county regional planning commission on such an appeal may be overruled by a four-fifths vote of the governing body of a public agency whose planning led to the appeal. (b) By January 1, 1992, the county regional planning commission shall adopt the comprehensive land use plans required pursuant to Section 21675. (c) Sections 21675.1, 21675.2, and 21679.5 do not apply to the County of Los Angeles until January 1, 1992. If the comprehensive land use plans required pursuant to Section 21675 are not adopted by the county regional planning commission by DI . I I I I 11 I (d) By January 1, 1992; Sections 21675.1 and 21675.2 shall apply to the County of Los Angeles until the plans are adopted. Applicability to Mendocino County SEC. 1 21670.3 (a) Notwithstanding the deadlines in Sections 21671.5 and 21675.1, the commission in the County of Mendocino shall adopt the comprehensive land use plans "ir=& "rcuant to Section 21675 by June 30, 1993, for all public airports in the req .p county except the Willits Municipal Airport. (b) Until the .commission adopts a comprehensive land use plan, the city or county shall first submit all actions, regulations, and permits within the vicinity of a public airport to the commission for review and approval. Before the commission approves or disapproves any actions, regulations, or permits, the commission shall give public notice in the same me manner as the city or county is required to give for those actions, regulations, or permits. As used in this section, "vicinity" means land which will be included or. reasonably could be included within the plan. If the commission has not designated a study area for the plan, then "vicinity". means land, within two miles of the, boundary of a public airport. (c) The commission may approve an action, regulation; or permit if it finds, based on substantial evidence in the record, all of the following: (1) The commission is making substantial progress toward the completion of the, plan. (2) There is a reasonable probability that the action, regulation, or permit will. be 'consistent With the plan being prepared by the commission. (3) There is little or no probability of substantial, detriment to or interference with the future adopted plan if the action, regulation, or permit Js ultimately, inconsistent with the plan. (d). If the commission disapproves an action, regulation, or permit, the commission shall notify the city or county., The city or county may overrule the commission, by a two-thirds vote of its governing body, if it makes specific findings that the proposed action, regulation, or permit is consistent with the purposes of this article, as stated in Section 21670. (e) If a city, or county overrules the commission pursuant to subdivision (d), that action shall not relieve the city, or county from further compliance with this article after the, commission adopts the plan. If a city, or county overrules the commission pursuant. to subdivision (d) With, respect to a publicly owned airport that the city or county does not operate,, the operator of the airport is not liable for damages to property or personal injury resulting from the city's or county's decision to. proceed with the action, :regulation, or permit. .D-3 (g) A commission may adopt rules and regulations which exempt any ministerial permit for single-family dwellings from the requirements of subdivision (b) if it makes the findings required pursuant to subdivision (c) for the proposed rules and regulations, except that the rules and regulations may not exempt either of the following: (1) More than two single-family .dwellings by the same applicant within a subdivision prior to June 30, 1993. (2) Single-family dwellings in a subdivision where 25 percent or more of the parcels are undeveloped. (h) Until June 30, 1993, 'no action pursuant to Section 21679 to postpone the effective date of a zoning change, a zoning variance, the issuance of a permit, or the adoption of a regulation by a local agency, directly affecting the use of land within one mile of the boundary of a public airport, shall be commenced in the County of Mendocino. (i) This section shall become inoperative on June 30, 1933, and is repealed on that date: SEC. 2 In enacting Section 21670.3.of the Public Utilities Code pursuant to Section 1 of this bill, the Legislature finds and declares that: (a) The Legislature has not extended the deadlines in Sections 21671.5 and 216-15.1 of the Public Utilities Code for the Willits Municipal Airport. (b) This act shall have no effect on the pending litigation brought by the City of Willits regarding the lack of a comprehensive land use plan for the Willits Municipal Airport. (c) The Legislature does not intend to further extend the deadlines in Sections 21671:5 and 21675.1 of the Public Utilities Code for the County of Mendocino. SEC. 3 The Legislature finds and declares that a special law is necessary and that a general law cannot be made applicable within the meaning of Section 16 of Article IV of the California Constitution because of the unique circumstances of the commission in the County of Mendocino. The facts constituting the special circumstances are: There are unique problems involved for the commission in preparing the comprehensive land use plans with sufficient resources and broad public involvement, taking into consideration such factors as the county's natural resources and lands of high scenic values. Airport Owned by a City. District or County: Appointment of Certain Members by Cities and Counties 21671. In any county where there is an airport operated for the general public which is owned by a city or district in another county or by another county, one of the representatives provided by paragraph (1) of subdivision (b) of Section 21670 shall be appointed by the city selection committee of mayors of the cities of the county in which the owner provided b are r of that airport is located, and one of the representatives p y p g aph.(2) of subdivision (b) of Section 21670 shall be appointed by the board of supervisors of the county in which the owner'of that airport is located. Term of Office-, Removal of Members: Vacancies: Compensation; Staff Assistance; ' Meetings ' 21671.5 (a) Except for the terms of office of the members of the first commission, the term ' of office of each member shall be four years and until the appointment and his or her successor. The members of the first commission shall qualification of classify. themselves by lot so that the term of office of one member is one year, ' of two ,members is two years, of two members is three yeas, and of two members is four years. The body which originally appointed a member whose term has expired shall appoint his or her successor for a full term of four years. Any member may be removed at any time and without cause by the body appointing him or her. The expiration date of the term of office of each member shall be the first Monday in May in the year in which his or her term is to expire. Any vacancy in the membership of the commission shall be filled for the ' unexpired term by appointment by the body which originally appointed the member whose office has become vacant. The chairperson of the commission ' shall be selected by the members thereof. (b) Compensation, if any, shall be determined by the board of supervisors. (c) Staff assistance, including the mailing of notices and the keeping of minutes, and ' necessary quarters, equipment and supplies shall be provided by the county. The usual and necessary operating expenses of the commission "shall be'a county ' charge. (d) Notwithstanding any other provisions of this article, the commission shall not employ any personnel either as employees or independent contractors without. ' the prior approval of the board of supervisors. (e) The commission shall meet at the call of the commission chairperson or at the ' - request of the majority of the commission members. A majority of the commission members shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business. No action shall be taken by the commission except by the recorded vote of a ' majority of the full membership. (f) The commission may establish a schedule of fees necessary to comply with this article. Those fees shall be charged to the proponents of actions, regulations, ' or permits; shall not exceed the estimated reasonable cost of providing the service; and shall be imposed pursuant to Section 66016 of the Government Code. Except as provided in subdivision (g), after June 30, 1991, a commission ' which has not adopted the comprehensive land use plan required by Section 21675 shall not charge fees pursuant to this subdivision until the commission 1 adopts the plan. D_J (g) In any county which has undertaken by contract or otherwise completed land use plans for at least one-half of all public use airports in the county, the commission may continue to charge fees necessary to comply with this article until June 30, 1992, and, if the land use plans are complete by that date, may continue charging fees after June .30, 1992. If the land use plans are not complete by June 30, 1992, the commission shall not charge fees pursuant to subdivision (f) until the commission adopts the land use plans. Rules and Regulations 21672. Each commission shall adopt. rules and regulations with respect to the temporary disqualification of its members from participating in the review or adoption of a proposal because of conflict of interest and with respect to appointment of substitute members in such cases.. Initiation of Proceedings for Creation by Owner of Airport 21673. In any county not having a commission or a body designated to carry out the responsibilities of a commission, any owner of a public airport may initiate proceedings for the creation of a commission by presenting a request to the board of supervisors that a commission be created and showing the need therefor to the satisfaction of the board of supervisors. Powers and Duties 21674. The commission has the following powers and duties, subject to the limitations upon its jurisdiction set forth in Section 21676: (a) To assist local agencies in ensuring compatible land uses in the vicinity of all new airports and in the vicinity of existing airports to the extent that the land in the vicinity of those airports is not already devoted to incompatible uses. (b) To coordinate planning at -the state, regional, and local levels so as to provide for the orderly development of air transportation, while at the same time ' protecting the public health, safety; and welfare. (c) To prepare and adopt an airport land use plan pursuant to Section 21675. (d) To review the plans, regulations, and other actions of local agencies and airport , operators pursuant to Section 21676. (e) The powers of .the commission shall in no way be construed to give the ' commission jurisdiction over the operation of any airport. (f) In order to carry out its responsibilities, the commission may adopt rules and regulations consistent with this article. ' Staff Training and Development 21674.5 .(a) The Department of Transportation shall develop and implement a program or ' programs to assist in the training and development of the staff of airport land use commissions, after consulting with airport land use commission, cities, counties. and other appropriate public entities. ' D -d. ' . ..4y,fts"•f�:iti 1. ._� {"�#.t+y i°"': ^':.�• '{ 1 1 � , yd P r*v ♦ . � ' (b) The training and development program-or programs are intended to assist the staff of airport land use commissions in addressing high priority needs, and may I ' include,but need not be limited to the following: (1) The establishment of a process for the development and adoption of 1 comprehensive +land. use plans. (2) The development of criteria for. determining airport land use planning boundaries. ' (3) The identification of essential elements which should be included in the ' comprehensive, land use plans. Appropriate criteria and procedures for reviewing proposed developments R 1 (4) and determining whether proposed developments are compatible with the airport use. 1 (5) Any other organization, operational, procedural, or technical responsibilities and functions which the department determines to be' appropriate to provide to commission 'staff and for which it determines there is a need for staff ' training and development. (c) The department may provide training and development programs for airport land F use commission staff pursuant to this section by any means it deems 1 appropriate. Those,programs may be presented in any of the following ways: (1) By'offering formal courses or training programs. 1 (2) By, sponsoring, or assisting in the organization and sponsorship of ! conferences, seminars, or other similar events. { . (3) By ;producing and making available written information. ' (4) Any other feasible method of providing information'. and assisting in the training and development of airport land use commision staff. . 1 SEC. 2 The sum of one hundred thousand dollars ($100,000) is hereby appropriated from the ; Aeronautics Account in the State Transportation Fund to. the Department of Transportation for the purposes of this Act. 1 SEC. 3 This Act is an.urgency statute necessary for, the immediate preservation of the public t peace, health, or safety within the meaning of Article IV of the Constitution and shall ; 4 go into immediate effect.' The facts .constituting the necessity are: land to comply with state law requiring In order to assist airport use commissions _ the development and adoption of comprehensive land use plans for, each public ; airport in California, and in order to provide for the orderly development of public 1 airports, and to provide adequate protection from incompatible land uses in the ,t vicinity of public use•�airports at the earliest possible time, it is necessary that this 1 Act take effect immediately. � v r • f I r Land Use Plan , 21675. (a) Each commission shall formulate a comprehensive land use plan that will provide for the orderly growth of each public airport and the area surrounding the airport within the jurisdiction of the commission, and will safeguard the general welfare of the inhabitants within the vicinity of the airport and the public in general. The commission plan shall include and shall be based on a long-range master plan or an airport layout plan, as determined by the Division of Aeronautics of the Department of Transportation, that reflects the anticipated growth of the airport during at least the next 20 years. In formulating a land use plan, the commission may develop height restrictions on buildings, specify use of land, and determine building standards, including soundproofing adjacent to airports, within the planning area. The comprehensive land use plan shall be reviewed as often as necessary in order to accomplish its purposes, but shall not be amended more than once in any calendar year. (b) The commission may include, within its plan formulated pursuant to subdivision (a), the area within the jurisdiction of.the commission surrounding any federal military airport for all of the purposes specified in subdivision (a). This subdivision does not give the commission any jurisdiction or authority over the territory or operations of any military airport. (c) The planning boundaries shall be established by the commission after hearing and consultation with the involved agencies. (d) The commission shall submit to the Division of Aeronautics of the Department one copy of the plan and each amendment to the plan. (e) If a comprehensive land use plan does not include the matters required to be included pursuant to this article, the Division of Aeronautics of the Department shall notify. the commission responsible for the plan. Date of Adoption: Review of Actions; Approval or Disapproval 21675.1 (a) By June 30, 1991, each commission shall adopt the comprehensive land use plans required pursuant to section 21675. except that any county which has. undertaken by contract or otherwise completed land use plans for at least one- half of all public use airports in the county, shall adopt that plan on or before June 30, 1992. (b) Until a commission adopts a comprehensive land use plan, a city or county shall first submit all actions, regulations, and permits within the vicinity of a public airport to the commission for review and approval. Before the commission approves or disapproves any actions, regulations, or permits, the commission shall give public notice in the same manner as the city or county is required to give for those actions, regulations, or permits. As used in this section, "vicinity'" means land which will be included or reasonably could be include within the plan... If the commission has not designated a study area for the plan, then "vicinity", means land within two miles of the boundary of a public airport. (c) The commission may approve an action, regulation, or permit if it finds, based on substantial evidence in the record, all of the following: D-9 {1) The commission is making substantial progress toward the completion of ' the plan., (2) There is a reasonable probability that the action, regulation, or permit will be consistent with the plan being prepared by the commission. ' (3) There is little or no probability of substantial detrimentto or interference with the future adopted plan if the action, regulation, or permit is ultimately ' inconsistent with the plan. the (d) If the commission disapproves an action, regulation, or permit, commission shall notify the city or county. The city or county may overrule the commission, by a two-thirds vote of its governing body, if it makes specific findings that the proposed action, regulation, or permit, is consistent with the purposes of this article, as stated in Section 21670. (e) If the city or county overrules the commission pursuant to subdivision (d), that action shall not relieve the city or county from further compliance with this article after the. commission adopts the plan. (f) If a city or county overrules the commission pursuant to subdivision (d) with respect to a publicly owned airport that the city or county does not operate, the operator of the airport shall be immune from liability for damages to property or ' personal injury from the city's or county's decision to proceed with the. action; regulation, or permit. (g) A commission may adopt rules and regulations which exempt any ministerial permit for single-family dwellings from the requirements of subdivision (b) if it makes the findings required pursuant to subdivision (c) for the proposed" rules and regulations, except that the rules and regulations may not exempt either of ' the following: (1) More than two single-family dwellings by the same applicant within a '2) subdivision prior to June 30, 1991. ( Single-family dwellings in a subdivision where 25 percent or more of the parcels are undeveloped. ' Failure to Approve or Disapprove 21675.2 (a) If a commission fails to act to approve or disapprove any actions, regulations, or ' permits within 60 days of receiving the :request pursuant to Section 21675. 1, the applicant or his or her representative may file an action pursuant to Section 1094.5 of the code of civil procedure to compel the commission to act, and the court shall give the proceedings preference over all other actions or proceedings, ' except previously filed pending matters.of the same character. (b) The action, regulation, or permit shall be deemed approved only if the public notice required by this subdivision has occurred.. If the. applicant has provided seven days advance notice to the commission of the intent to provide public notice pursuant to this subdivision, then, not earlier than the date of the expiration of the time limit established by Section 21675.1, an applicant may provide the required public notice.. If the applicant chooses to provide public D-9 0 notice, that notice'shall include a description of the proposed, action, regulation, or permit substantially similar to the descriptions which are.commonly used in public notices by the commission, the location of any proposed development, the application number, the name and address of the commission, and a statement that the action, regulation, or permit shall be deemed approved if the commission has not acted within 60 days. If the applicant has provided the public notice specified in this subdivision, the time limit for action by the commission shall be extended to 60 days after the public notice is provided. If the applicant provides notice pursuant to this section, the commission shall refund to the applicant any fees which were collected for providing notice and which were not used for that purpose. (c) Failure of an applicant to submit complete or adequate information pursuant to Sections 65943 to 65946, inclusive, of the Government Code, may constitute grounds for. disapproval of actions, regulations, or permits. V(d) Nothing in this section diminishes ' the commission's legal responsibility to provide, where applicable, public notice and hearing before acting on an action, regulation, or permit. Review of Local General Plans 21676. (a) Each local agency whose general plan includes areas covered by an airport land ' use commission plan shall, by July- 1, 1983, -s I ubmit a copy of its plan or specificplans to the airport land use commission. . The commission shall determine by August 31, 1983, whether the plan or plans are consistent or inconsistent with the commission's plan. If the plan, or plans are inconsistent with 1 the commission's plan, the local agency shall be notified and that local agency shall have another hearing to reconsider its plans. The local agency may overrule the commission after such hearing by a two-thirds vote of its governing ' { . body if it makes specific findings that the proposed action is consistent with, the purposes of this article as stated in Section 21670. (b) Prior to the amendment of a general plan or specific plan, or the adoption. or 1 approval of a zoning, ordinance or building regulation within the planning boundary established by the airport land use commission pursuant to Section 21675, the local agency shall first refer the proposed .action to the commission. ' If the commission determines that the proposed action is inconsistent with the commission's plan, the referring agency shall be notified. The local agency may, after a public hearing, overrule. the commission . by a two-thirds vote of its 1 governing body if it makes specific findings that the proposed action is consistent with the purposes of this article as stated in Section 21670. ; land ,1 " (c) Each public agency owning any airport within the boundaries of an airport use commission plan shall, prior to modification of its airport master plan, refer such proposed change to the airport land use commission. If the commission deter -mines that the proposed action is inconsistent with the commission's plan, the referring agency shall be notified. The public agency may, after a public hearing, overrule the commission by a two-thirds vote of its governing body if it makes specific findings that the proposed action is consistent with the purposes 1 R D-10 1 i of this article. as stated in Section 21670. (d) Each commission determination pursuant to subdivision (b) or (c) shall be made within 60 days from the date of referral of the proposed action. If a commission fails to make the determination within that period, the proposed action shall be deemed consistent with the commission's plan. Review of Local Plans 21676.5 (a) If the commission finds that a local agency has not revised its general plan or specific plan or overruled the commission by a two-thirds vote of its governing body after making specific findings that the proposed action is. consistent with the purposes of this article as stated in Section 21670, the commission may require that the local agency submit all subsequent actions, regulations, and permits to the commission for review until its general plan or specific plan is revised or the specific findings are made. If, in the determination of the commission, an action, regulation, or permit of the local agency is inconsistent with the commission plan, the local agency shall be notified and that local agency shall hold a hearing to reconsider its plan. The local agency may overrule the commission after the hearing by a two-thirds vote of its governing body if it makes specific findings that the proposed action is consistent with the purposes of this article as stated in Section 21670. (b) Whenever the local agency has revised its general plan or specific plan or has overruled the commission pursuant to subdivision (a), the proposed action of the local agency shall not be subject to further commission review, unless the commission and the local agency agree that individual projects.shall be reviewed by the commission. Marin County Override Provisions 21677. Notwithstanding Section 21676, any public agency in the County of Marin may overrule the Marin County Airport Land Use Commission bya majority vote of its governing body. Airport Owner's Immunity 21678. With respect.to a publicly owned airport that a public agency does not operate, if the public agency pursuant to Section 21676 or 21676.5 overrides a commission's action or recommendation, the operator of the airport shall be immune from liability for damages to 'property or personal injury caused by or resulting directly or indirectly from the public agency's decision` to override the commission's action or recommendation. Court Review 21679. (a) In any county in which there is no airport land use commission or other body designated to assume the responsibilities of an airport land use commission, or in which the commission or other designated body has not adopted an airport land use plan, an interested party may initiate proceedings in a court of competent jurisdiction to postpone the effective date of a zoning change, a D-1 1 of zoning variance, the issuance of a permit, o(the adoption a regulation by a local agency, which directly affects the use of land within one mile of the boundary of a public airport within the county. ' (b) The court may issue an injunction which postpones the effective date of the zoning change, zoning variance, permit, or, regulation until the governing body of the local agency which took the action does one of the following: (1) In the case of an action which is a legislative act, adopts a resolution declaring that the proposed _action is consistent with the purposes of this article as stated in Section 21670. ' (2) In the case of an action which is not a legislative act, adopts a resolution making findings based on substantial evidence in the record that the proposed action is consistent with the purposes of this, article as stated in Section 21670. (3) Rescinds the action. , (4) Amends its action to make it consistent with the purposes of this article as stated in Section 21670, and complies with either paragraph (1) or (2) of this subdivision, whichever is applicable. ' (c) The court shall not issue an injunction pursuant to subdivision (b) if the local agency which took the action demonstrates that the general plan and any , applicable specific plan of the agency accomplishes the purposes of an airport land use plan as provided in Section 21675. (d) An action brought pursuant to subdivision (a) shall be commenced within 30 days ' of the decision or within the appropriate time periods set by Section 21167 of the Public Resources Code, whichever, is longer. (e) If the governing body of the local agency adopts a resolution pursuant to ' subdivision (b) with respect to a publicly owned airport that the local agency does not operate, the operator of the airport shall be immune from liability for damages to property or personal injury from the local agency's, decision to proceed with the t zoning change, zoning variance, permit, or regulation. (f) As used in this section, "interested party" means any owner of land within two miles of the boundary of the airport or any organization with a demonstrated , interest in airport safety and efficiency. Action to Postpone Effective Date of Zoning Change, Etc. , 21679.5 (a) Until June 30, 1991, no action pursuant to section 21679 to postpone the effective date of a zoning change, a zoning variance, the issuance of a permit. or the adoption of a regulation by a local agency, directly affecting the use of , land within one mile of the boundary of a public airport, shall be commenced in any county in which the commission or other designated body has not adopted an airport land use plan, but is making substantial progress toward the ' completion of the plan. has been from adopting the comprehensive land use (b) If a commission prevented plan by, June 30, 1!991, or if the adopted plan could not become effective, j ' because of a lawsuit involving.the adoption of the plan, the June 30, 1991 date in subdivision (a) shall be extended by the period of time'during .which the lawsuit was pending in a court of competent jurisdiction. ' (c) Any action pursuant'. to Section 21679 commenced .prior to' January 1, 1990, in a county in which the commission or other designated body has not adopted an ' airport land use plan, but is making substantial progress toward the completion of.the plan, which has not proceeded to final judgment, shall be held in abeyance until June 30, 1991. 1f the commission ' or other designated body adopts an airport landuse.plan on or before June 30, 1991, the.action shall be dismissed. ' If the commission or other designated body does not adopt an airport land use plan on `or before June 30, 1991, the plaintiff or plaintiffs may proceed with the ' action. (d) An action to postpone the effective date of a zoning change, a zoning variance, the issuance of permit, or the adoption of a regulation by a local agency, directly affecting the use of land within one mile of the boundary of.a public airport for which an airport land use plan. has not been adopted by June 30, 1991, shall be commenced within 30 days of June 30, 1991, or within 30 days of the decision by the local agency, or within the appropriate time periods set by Section 21167 ' of the Public Resources Code. whichever date_ is later.' APPENDIX E t , THE PLANNING AND ZONING LAW (California Government Code) y 1 TITLEj7. PLANNING AND LAND USE r DIVISION 1. PLANNING AND ZONING Article 5. Authority'for and Scope of General Plans _ 1 SECTION 1.- Section 65302.3 of. the Government Code is amended to read: 65302.3., (a) The general -plan,' and any applicable specific plan 1 prepared pursuant to Article 8, (commencing with Section 65450), shall'. be consistent with the plan adopted or amended pursuant to Section 21675 of the Public Utilities Code. i (b) The general plan, .and any applicable specific plan, shall be amended, as necessary, within 180 days of any amendment to Ij the plan required under Section 21675 of the Public Utilities Code. (c) If the legislative body does not concur with any 1 : provision of the plan required under Section 21675 of the Public Utilities Code, it may satisfy the provisions of this section by adopting .findings . pursuant to Section 21676 of the Public Utilities Code. { ti r E_ I t