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HomeMy WebLinkAbout98-182B~J,~~ ~~ SUPEI~'VI~C)Rv COUNTY 4F BUTTE, STATE OF CALIFORNIA ~t'SOlUft011 N0. 98-182 A RESOLUTION AUTHORIZING THE SUBMITTAL OF THE BUTTE COUNTY TIRE RECYCLING GRANT PROGRAM APPLICATION WHEREAS, the people of the State of California have enacted Assembly Bill 1843 (W. Brown, Chapter 974, Statutes of 1989) that provides grants to local governments, businesses and non-profit organizations far the purpose of diverting tires from landfill disposal by fostering new business enterprises and encouraging cooperative local government programs; and WHEREAS, the Board of Supervisors of the County of Butte recognizes the importance of programs encouraging legal disposal of used tires which are convenient to residents of Butte County; and WHEREAS, the Board of Supervisors of the County of Butte at its meeting of August 24th, 1998, allocated $20,000 to fund the proposed Butte County Tire Amnesty Day, recognizing the need for a Countywide amnesty program; and WHEREAS, the Director of the Butte County Department of Public Works has been authorized by the Board of Supervisors of the County of Butte to sign an agreement with a licensed tits hauler far collection, transportation, and disposal of tires received during the Tire Amnesty Day event; and WHEREAS, the California Integrated Waste Management Board has been delegated the responsibility for the administration of the State's tits program, setting up necessary procedures governing application by local agencies, businesses and non-profit organizations under the Statewide program; and WHEREAS, said procedures established by the California Integrated Waste Management Board require the applicant to certify by resolution approval of the Tire Recycling Grant application for the County-wide Amnesty program before submission of said application to the state; and WHEREAS, the applicant will enter into an agreement with the State of California for development of the Tire Amnesty project; NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED that the Board of Supervisors of the County of Butte authorizes the submittal of an application to the California Integrated Waste Management Board far a 98/99 Tire Recycling Grant for the Countywide Tire Amnesty Program. The Public Works Director of the County of Butte, or his designee, is hereby authorized and empowered to execute in the name of the County of Butte all necessary applications, contracts, agreements, amendments and payment requests hereto for the purposes of securing grant funds and to implement and carry out the purposes specified in the grant application. PASSED AND ADOPTED by the Board of Supervisors, Gounty of Butte, State of California, this 15th day of December 1998 by the following vote: AYES: Supervisors Beeler, Dolan, Floux, ,Tosiassen and Chair Davis NOES: None ABSENT: None NOT VOTING: None -- /'r _ - L~ r / l~ ~C ~ ,~'= - _ e~ ~ FRED DAVIS, Chair, Butte County Board of Supervisors ATTEST_ .JOHN S. BLACKt_OCK, Clerk of the Board By: .~ Q~.~-ems---' Cler Deputy APPROVED AS TO FORM: SUSAN MINASIAN, County Counsel; County of Butte County Public Works By: Assistant County Counsel - ~=.; TIRE RECYCLING GRANT PROGRAMS PUBLIC EDUCATION ~ AMNESTY DAY GRANTS FY '1998-99 Submitted by: Butte County Department of Public Works 7 County Center Drive ~roville CA 95965 530.538.7681 vvww.teamrecycle.cam November 30, 1998 Exhibit A STATE OF CALIFORNIA CIWMB Form 211 (revised 1196} California Tire Recycling Grant Program Grant Application APPLICANT INFORMATION Applicant Butte County Public Works Department Mailing Address 7 County Center Drive Cit Oroville County Butte Zip Code 96021 Primary ContactlTitle: Bonnie Low, Recycling Coordinator Telephone Number 530.538.7681 Fax Number 530.538.7683 Legislative District Numbers Assembly: 3 Senate: 2 Federal Tax Identification Number: 94-6000506 A licant T e: circle one Fundin Information: County Grant Funds Requested S 15,000.00 Matching Funds (50°~6 of Total Project Cosq $ 20,000.00 Total Project Cost S 35,000.00 Project Summary (A concise summary: Who; What; When; Where; How, and; Whys Grant funds will be used to sponsor at least three Tire Amnesty Days at various locations throughout Butte County and to develop public education materials encouraging proper disposal of used tires. Certification: I declare, under penalty of perjury, that all information submitted for the CIWMB's consideration for aiiocation or grant tunos is true and accurate to the best of Applic •- Authorized Signature ~i . Type or print name and title Mike Crump, Director of Public Works knowledge and beret. Date 1 1 /24/9$ California Integrated Waste Management Board Page 1 PROJECT DESCRIPTION BUTTE COUNTY TIRE AMNESTY DAYS I. BACKGROUND Butte County is situated in the heart of the North Valley and encompasses approximately 1,670 square miles. The unincorporated area is predominantly rural in nature. There are five incorporated cities within the boundaries of Butte County: Chico, Oroville, Paradise, Biggs, and Gridley. The total County population is estimated at approximately 204,000 residents with the primary population centers being the Chico urban area, the Oroville urban area, and the Paradise/ "Upper Ridge" communities. According to statistics made available by the Scrap Tire Management Council, the statewide average for used tits generation is .8 tires/person/year. This means that Butte County generates approximately 163,000 used tires each year. The current state disposal fee of 0.25 per tits is not adequate to fund local tits disposal efforts since waste fire haulers typically charge in the neighborhood of 0.50 cents to $3.00 per tits for removal. Faced with the option of paying high disposal fees or dumping the tires in remote areas of the County is far too tempting for many individuals. Because Butte County is rural and has many isolated areas, illegal dumping of waste tires has become a serious problem. In order to combat the ever-increasing problem of illegal tits disposal, the Butte County Public Works Department approached the Board of Supervisors in August of 1998 requesting funding for cone-day "Tire Amnesty" event. The County Board of Supervisors allocated $20,000 from the Landfill Enterprise fund for this program. The Public Works Department began to plan Tire Amnesty Day when we were confronted with an insurmountable hurdle. Current state regulations prohibit individuals from hauling more than four tires without being a permitted tits hauler. Our goal was to issue coupons good for free disposal of up to ten tires on the day of the event. We limited the number of tires that could be disposed in order to stay within our budget of $20,000. We intended to petition the State for none-day countywide transportation variance to allow individuals to haul up to ten tires on the day of the event. However, state officials were adamant that no provisions exist in the regulations for granting variances. Ultimately, Our Department decided to postpone the planned event to give us time to work with the California Integrated Waste Management Board (CIWMB) to develop a transportation variance or exemption for Amnesty Days sponsored by government entities. Public Works staff members have discussed the legislative process involved in amending Waste Board statutes with the Regional Council of Rural Counties' Environmental Services Joint Powers Authority (ESJPA) and are participating in state-wide discussions regarding statutory amendments. It is our hope that within the time frame of this grant changes will be made to statute to allow for government entity-sponsored Amnesty Day events. 2 In the event that changes are not forthcoming during the grant period, the County will propose to conduct an Amnesty Day event within current statutory regulations. It is our firm belief, however, that to maximize the impact of this program, individuals must be allowed to transport more than four tires at a time. We will have much greater participation when individuals are not forced to make unnecessary return trips, especially when traveling long distances to the collection sites. 3 II. GOALS AND OBJECTIVES The goal of this grant is to establish a Tire Amnesty program for Butte County residents that will allow for free disposal of waste tires in a setting that is safe and convenient for all Butte County residents. The collection efforts will be conducted in accordance with all statutory regulations and will be mindful of potential adverse environmental effects. With strong community support and grant funding, the County hopes to conduct a program that will result in the removal and disposal of approximately 24,000 waste tires during the grant period. Butte County is requesting the maximum grant funding available, $15,000, to develop an Amnesty program that will adequately establish a program to deal with the approximately 50,000 tires that are estimated to be illegally disposed within our borders. The expense and difficulty of disposing of tires has led to a severe illegal dumping situation in Butte County. The need for this program is compounded by inadequate disposal opportunities through retail tire outlets and current transportation limitations. We have targeted the three most populous area of the County: the Chico urban area, the Oroville urban area and the Paradise/Ridge communities, in which to stage the three collection events. We are targeting areas of the County that historically suffer from illegal disposal of waste tries. Centrally located sites will facilitate well-attended events, maximizing participation and ensuring efficiency. Public education is a priority of this grant program. There currently is no public education available in our community alerting residents to the growing statewide problem of illegal tire disposal. It is imperative that people understand the hazard associated with dumping as well as the penalties. Most important, the public must know what opportunities exit for legal tire disposal in their communities. Without this information it will be impossible to see material gains or improvements in the long-standing battle over tire disposal. Just as the State is helping to develop markets for tire derived products; local government should be responsible for promoting the availability of those products. A comprehensive public education program can also achieve this task. 4 III. OPERATIONAL PLAN Butte County will contract with a licensed tire hauler for collection, removal and disposal of all tires received during the Amnesty Day event(s). Our intention is to target the areas of the County that historically suffer the most from illegal fire disposal. The urban areas surrounding Chico, Oroville and Paradise not only comprise the largest population centers in the County but are also the most centrally located sites for possible collection events. These sites should achieve the highest possible participation rates. We will begin by proposing three Amnesty Day events to be held an staggered dates within the County. To maximize the efficiency of the events for County personnel and the fire hauler, we will stagger the dates at approximately three- week intervals. It is projected that the events will be held between the early fall of 1999 and late spring of 2000. Waste Recovery West, Inc. (WRW) of Sacramento is the proposed licensed fire hauler that the County will contract with far collection, removal and disposal of all tires received during the events. WRW will haul all tires received during the events to the Calaveras Cement Plant in Shasta County where the tires will be used as a supplemental fuel in the production of cement. We will accept only passenger and light truck tires at the Amnesty Day events. Passenger and light truck tires are tires smaller than 36". Tires with rims will not be accepted, nor will over sized tires be accepted since the cost of disposal would greatly escalate. The Amnesty Day events will be limited to individual households. Tire companies, automotive shops, wrecking yards, etc. will not be eligible to participate, as tire disposal should be considered a cost of doing business. The goal of the program is to benefit the individual resident who has encountered obstacles to fire disposal or who has been the victim of illegal dumping on private property. It is our intent to distribute coupons to Butte County residents that will be good for free disposal of up to ten tires per event. The purpose of distributing coupons in this manner is two-fold: to control expenses for the event to avoid going over budget, and to space the collection of tires to avoid any one event being over burdened. This will also ensure that the flow of tires can be consumed at the end use without displacing the current daily flow of the Calaveras Cement Company. If possible, Butte County will negotiate with the Contractor to accept more than ten tires per coupon if the individual disposing of the tires is willing to pay the negotiated disposal rate. This will also benefit Butte County residents by allowing those in need to take advantage of the lower than average negotiated rate. The Public Works Department will establish coupon distribution sites throughout the County during the week prior to each event. Sites targeted will be County libraries (5 locations), Butte County Public Works Department, Chico City Hall, 5 Oroville City Hall, Paradise Town Hall, and the County Department of Environmental Health. We will enlist the help of Gounty employees, City employees, and volunteers to distribute the coupons. Coupons will be distributed with informational packets explaining the purpose of the event, dates, times, and drop-off locations, and public education materials regarding proper tire disposal and state regulations. A 24-hour toll free information number will also be included. We have established this method of coupon distribution to discourage unpermitted waste tire haulers from taking advantage of this program. Individuals will be required to present identification when obtaining the coupons and a data base will be developed to prevent individuals from receiving more than the allowable number of coupons. Day of the Event -Event #1 The first event will be held in the Chico urban area. A potential location for this event is at the Silver Dollar Fairgrounds in Chico. This is a large location that can accommodate heavy traffic flaw. It is estimated that 8,000 to 10,000 tires will be received at this event. The tine contractor (WRW) will provide four to eight trailers on site the day of the event. The number of trailers provided for each site depends an the length of the trailers available an the day of the event. See below for trailer size equivalents. • One 28' trailer holds an estimated 800 passenger tire equivalents (PTE's). • One 45' trailer holds an estimated 1600 PTE's. The average passenger tire is 13" in rim-diameter and weighs approximately 20 pounds. Light truck tires which are used on sport utility vehicles, larger cars and standard sized pickup trucks average 15" to 16" in rim-diameter and weigh approximately 26 pounds each. WRW will provide one driver for each trailer and three additional employees to help load tires into the trailers on the day of the event. Butte County will provide four employees and a minimum of ten volunteers to assist with loading and traffic control on the day of the event. After the Event In the event mare tires are collected at any site than can be removed the day of the event, WRW will provide enough trailers to collect up to two loads (up to 3200 PTE's} of tires per week until all tires have been removed from the site. If WRW provides the labor to load tires into the trailers after the event the cost to the County will be $25/ton to load and $70/ton for transportation and disposal. If 6 Butte County provides laborers to load tires into trailers after the event the cost to the County will be $701ton for transportation and disposal. There will be no labor charge. At this time, it is our intent to provide County employees and volunteers from the California Conservation Corps (CCC) to provide the labor for loading tires into the trailers after the event. Two other possible labor sources are inmates from the Sheriff's Work Alternative Program (SWAP} and the California Department of Forestry Salt Greek Conservation Camp. It is possible that tires in excess of 36" in diameter will be received during the events due to oversight. WRW has proposed accepting over-sized tires at a rate of $150 per ton. Because oversize tires are too large for the conveyor belts used to feed tires into the cement kilns at Calaveras Cement, WRW will sub-contract with Total Tire Recycling of Sacramento to remove any oversized tires. Total Tire Recycling will haul the oversized tires to Modesto Energy Limited Partnership (MELP) in Westley, Califomia. MEP burns whole tires at their facility to produce electricity. Day of the Event -Event #2 The second event will be held in the Paradise area. A potential site for collection of tires is at the Paradise Vegetative Waste yard on Clark Road. This is a large site capable of accommodating heavy traffic flow. This site will also accommodate temporary post-event storage, if needed. It is estimated that up to 8,000 tires will be received at this event. WRW will provide one driver for each trailer and three additional employees to help load tires into the trailers on the day of the event. Butte County will provide four employees and a minimum of ten volunteers to assist with loading and traffic control on the day of the event. After the Event In the event more tires are collected at any site than can be removed the day of the event, WRW will provide enough trailers to collect up to two loads (up to 3200 PTE's) of tires per week until all tires have been removed from the site. If WRW provides the labor to load tires into the trailers after the event the cost to the County will be $25/ton to load and $70/ton for transportation and disposal. If Butte County provides laborers to load tires into trailers after the event the cost to the County will be $701tan for transportation and disposal. There will be no labor charge. At this time, it is our intent to provide County employees and volunteers from the California Conservation Corps (CCC) to provide the labor for loading tires into the trailers after the event. Two other possible labor sources are inmates from the Sheriffs Work Alternative Program (SWAP) and the California Department of Forestry Salt Creek Conservation Camp. 7 Day of the Event -Event #3 The third Tire Amnesty event will be held in the Oroville area. There are several potential sites for collection events in the Oroville area including the Butte County Public Works corporation yard, Oraville Solid Waste, and the Butte County Rural Fire Station in Palermo. Any of these sites would be able to accommodate this event. It is anticipated that 6,000 to 8,000 tires would be collected at this event. WRW will provide one driver for each trailer and three additional employees to help load tires into the trailers on the day of the event. Butte County will provide four employees and a minimum of ten volunteers to assist with loading and traffic control on the day of the event. After the Event In the event more tires are collected at any site than can be removed the day of the event, WRW will provide enough trailers to collect up to two loads {up to 3200 PTE's} of tires per week until all tires have been removed from the site. If WRW provides the labor to load tires into the trailers after the event the cost to the County will be $25/ton to load and $70/ton for transportation and disposal. If Butte Gaunty provides laborers to load tires into trailers after the event the cost to the County will be $70/ton for transportation and disposal. There will be no labor charge. At this time, it is our intent to provide County employees and volunteers from the California Conservation Corps (CCC} to provide the labor for loading tires into the trailers after the event. Two other possible labor sources are inmates from the Sheriff's Wark Alternative Program {SWAP) and the California Department of Forestry Salt Creek Conservation Camp. Alternative Event(s) Another alternative available to the County is to hold one ar more Amnesty Day events at the County-owned Neal Road Landfill. The Neal Road landfill is centrally located in the County and is easily accessible. This site is also capable of accommodating heavy traffic flow and providing temporary storage. If necessary, the Neal Road Landfill could be used as an alternative site for any or all of the events. 8 only. Newspaper staff will fold and insert the information sheets and are, of course, responsible for delivery. In the past, County staff have been extremely pleased with the results when using this method of advertising to promote Household Hazardous Waste Roundups and Compost Bin sales. C. Posters Posters will be developed by County staff with the assistance of graphic art majors at California State University Chico {CSU Chico). The posters will advertise the Amnesty Day events. Posters should be at least 8.5 x 14" in size and in full color in order to be attractive and eye catching. CSU Chico interns and members of the Associated Students recycling group will be asked to help distribute posters to area businesses. The posters will be displayed in store windows where they are noticeable to customers and passersby. D. Public Service Announcements (PSA's) PSA's will be developed for distribution during the early grant period to call attention to the serious illegal disposal problems in Butte County and the health hazards associated with improper disposals. PSA's will also educate the public about fire regulations and the penalties associated with illegal fire disposal. A series of 10, 30 and 60-second Public Service Announcements (PSA's) will also be developed by County staff to promote the Amnesty Events. PSA's will be distributed to all radio and television stations that serve Butte County. There are fifteen radio stations and four television stations that service Butte County and carry news of local events. Additionally, both the Public Television Station (KIXE Channel 9) and the local cable channel (Chambers Cable} regularly offer free community service announcements through their "community calendars". E. Flyers County staff will develop flyers for distribution through all retail tire businesses, automotive shops and wrecking yards. Employees will be asked to distribute the flyers whenever new tires are purchased or when receiving used tires from the public. The flyers will inform the public of state tire regulations, the need for proper disposal, local disposal opportunities, and penalties for illegal disposal. F. "Community Cleanup Ghallenge" Many areas of the County are blighted by tire piles that have been in place, in some cases, for years. One of the goals of this program is to assist communities in cleaning up those tire piles. An important element of a successful Tire Amnesty program will be to encourage community groups to 10 IV. PUBLIC EDUCATION The public education component is essential to the successful completion of this grant project. County staff will develop materials for promoting the Tire Amnesty Day events. Materials will also be developed that inform the public about local disposal opportunities, the need for proper disposal, adverse environmental effects associated with illegal disposal of waste tires, the availability of tire- derived products, and current state regulations regarding tire disposal and transportation. The public education efforts presented below are intended to reach the entire Butte County population of approximately 204,lJ00 people. A. Newspaper Articles A series of newspaper articles will be developed for release early in the grant period to begin the process of public education about waste tires. The articles will focus on subjects such as waste tire generation in the State of California and Butte County, the availability/lack of availability of disposal options, and the adverse environmental effects associated with illegal dumping (i.e., mosquito and rodent problems, fire hazards, etc.) The purpose of the articles is to call attention to the serious illegal waste tire disposal problems facing Butte County and generate interest in the Amnesty Day events. As the Amnesty events draw nearer (late fall of 1999 through early spring of 2000), the focus of the articles will move towards disposal alternatives and the availability of tire-derived products. The articles will also be used to inform the public of the Amnesty events and promote the 24-hour toll free information line established to provide tire disposal information. After the Amnesty events have been conducted, the articles will be used to inform the public of the success of the events and to reinforce the need for continued vigilance to abate illegal disposal. Articles can also be used to gauge the effectiveness of the countywide program by inviting comments from Butte County residents in the form of a Question and Answer forum. B. Newspaper Advertisements and Inserts Display advertisements will be developed by County staff to promote the Amnesty events. Advertisements will run in the following six newspapers that serve the entire Butte County area: Chico Enterprise-Record, Oroville Mercury Register, Chico News & Review, Paradise Past, Gridley Herald and Durham Forum. Newspaper inserts are a particularly effective means of promoting events. This technique consists of inserting an 8.5 x 11 inch sheet of paper containing information about the event into the center section of the daily newspaper. The costs involved with this advertising method are for printing 9 participate in tire pile cleanups. In order to inspire community groups such as Kiwanis, Rotary, Elks, Boy Scouts, Girl Scouts, 4-H, Future Farmers of America, Moose Lodge, Granges, etc., to participate, County staff will issue a "Community Cleanup Challenge." County staff will schedule public speaking presentations at community group meetings to promote the Tire Amnesty events and to call attention to local disposal opportunities, the need for proper disposal, adverse environmental effects associated with illegal disposal of waste tires, the availability of tire- derived products, and current state regulations regarding tire disposal and transportation. All Community groups will be encouraged to participate in the Tire Amnesty events by hosting tire pile cleanups. Public Works staff will distribute unlimited free tire disposal coupons to community groups that take part in Tire Amnesty events. The program will be issued in the form of a challenge amongst groups to see who can pickup the greatest number of tires. All groups participating in the "Community Cleanup Challenge" will receive recognition from County staff and the County Board of Supervisors. G. Toll Free Hotline A 24-hour toll free information hotline will be established with grant funds. The hotline will play a pre-recorded message regarding local disposal opportunities particularly the Amnesty Day events. Persons requiring more information will be able to leave a brief message so phone calls can be returned. 11 V. COOPERATIVE EFFORTS The Butte County Public Works Department is the lead agency for grant implementation. The staff of the Solid Waste Division, a division of the Public Works Department, will coordinate all grant tasks and be responsible for grant oversight, administration and Tire Amnesty event planning. Successful implementation of the specified programs is dependent on cooperative efforts between County staff from both the Public Works Department and Department of Environmental Health, as well as staff from the cities of Chico, Oroville and Paradise. Additionally, we will be relying on a large pool of volunteers drawn from various community groups. For example, the California Conservation Corps stationed at the Butte Fire Center in Magalia will be responsible for assisting with traffic control during the events and will help load tires into trailers following the events. The Paradise Disaster Preparedness Volunteers has previously assisted the County with traffic control at various events and will assist during the Amnesty Day events. The Butte County Sheriff's Department will assist the Public Works Department by providing inmates from the Sheriff's Work Alternative Plan (SWAP) to help load tires into trailers. Inmates from the California Department of Forestry Salt Creek Conservatian Gamp may also be called upon to assist with manual labor during the events. The Butte Environmental Council, a local grass roots environmental group located in Chico, has indicated they are available to assist with public education efforts, as is the CSU Chico Associated Students recycling group. Community groups such as Rotary, Kiwanis, 4-H, Future Farmers of America, and Elks will be asked to participate in the "Community Cleanup Challenge." Letters of support from many of the aforementioned groups have been included as an attachment to this section. 12 VI. STATEMENT OF QUALIFICATIONS J. Michael Crump, Butte County Director of Public Works Mike Crump has served as the Director of the Butte County Public Works Department since 1994. Mike oversees the Solid Waste Division, Land Development, Transit, Construction and Road Departments. Prior to joining Butte County's management team, Mike served as the Director of Public Works far the City of Oroville for seven years. Mike has Bachelor's Degrees in Civil Engineering and Biology and is a Registered Civil Engineer. Warner C. Phi/lips, Butte County Assistant ©irector of Public Works Warner has served as Assistant Public Works Director with the Butte County Public Works Department since 1997. Previously he served as the Yuba County Public Works Director and as a private engineering consultant. Warner has a Bachelor's Degree in Civil Engineering and is a Registered Civil Engineer. Jim DeWeese, Butte County Solid Waste Manager Jim has over ten years experience in solid and hazardous waste management. Prior to accepting the position as Solid Waste Manager for Butte County, he was employed by Norcal Waste Systems as a subsidiary general manager. Jim has also served as an operations manager, environmental coordinator and hazardous materials technician. Jim is a former Director of the California Refuse Removal Council and has served on the Integrated Waste Management Local Task Forces far Butte, Yuba and Sutter Counties. He is currently the Butte County representative on the Regional Council of Rural Counties Environmental Services Joint Powers Authority and the Solid Waste Association of North America. Jim holds a Bachelor's Degree in Liberal Arts from Arizona State University and a Hazardous Materials Management Certification from UC Davis. Bonnie Low, Butte County Recycling Coordinator Bonnie was employed by the Public Works Department in June of 1997 as the Butte County Recycling Coordinator to implement AB 939 programs for the County. Her primary responsibilities include developing countywide diversion programs, administering the County's Household Hazardous Waste program and grant administration. Prior to coming to Butte County, Bonnie was employed by the Tehama County Public Works Department as the Administrative Assistant to the Tehama County Sanitary Landfill Agency. Bonnie worked in Solid Waste administration in Tehama County from 1994 to 1997. Bonnie holds a Bachelor's Degree in Liberal Arts from Simpson College in Redding and will serve as the project manager for the Tire Recycling Grant. 13 m a X ?1J 2 0 ~- .~,, H ~ Z ~ ~ ~ cts C7 .r.~ to Z ~ J O ~"- U w W ~_ c R3 C (6 U n.:~- ci E- Q .~ C ~ rn~ Q V ~ o ~ o ~ . •c c ~ n. o ~ ~ .Q a ~ ~ ~- ~. ~ ~ ~ Y ~ ' r m ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ C7l ~ Q1 ~ ~ 0 3> o ~ r- o c °' °' © LL N c- Q1 r r r N O f'~ 00 O O ... 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