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HomeMy WebLinkAboutGORE Air & Water Controls © 2023 W. L. Gore & Associates GmbH. GORE®, GORE® Cover and designs are trademarks of W. L. Gore & Associates. SG Bunker® System, SG Heap® System, SG Mobile® System, SG SmartStart™ Services are designs and trademark of Sustainable Generation LLC. Confidential and Proprietary Information Description for Achieving Regulatory Compliance for Pathogen Reduction, Air Quality VOC Emission and Odor Control and Water Quality Protection GORE® Cover is based on positive aeration control (aerated static pile) in combination w ith the GORE® Cover to create an encapsulated or covered aerated static pile (CASP). The CASP process with GORE® Cover delivers “in-vessel” performance without the need for roofed or enclosed building structures. Composting is a biological process with naturally occurring batch to batch variations in input material. The processing technology has to flexibly adapt to these changing conditions. The oxygen controlled aeration of the GORE® Cover System reliably adapts the aeration intensity to the batch by batch variations as well as to the changing oxygen demand in the course of the composting cycle. • The GORE® Cover has unique physical properties in regard to air permeability which is selectively designed into the membrane and allows evenly distributed air and pressure within a heap. • The GORE® Cover has unique physical properties in regard to control of moisture transportation which is selectively designed into the membrane and allows specific control of moisture to optimize the composting process. • The GORE® Cover is weighted (sealed) or fastened, creating a complete in-vessel enclosure allowing the entire pile to be pressurized ensuring an even distribution of air throughout the pile. • The GORE® Cover has even distribution of temperatures across the composting volume. © 2023 W. L. Gore & Associates GmbH. GORE®, GORE® Cover and designs are trademarks of W. L. Gore & Associates. SG Bunker® System, SG Heap® System, SG Mobile® System, SG SmartStart™ Services are designs and trademark of Sustainable Generation LLC. Confidential and Proprietary Information Pathogen Reduction (PFRP) and Vector Attraction Reduction (VAR) GORE® Cover is permitted to operate in over 30 countries worldwide. In addition to receiving operating permits in various countries meeting strict environmental requirements for odors, VOC emissions, water protection management and pathogen reduction. GORE® Cover has also received permits for a proper technology to meeting specific hygienization standards, such as Animal by-Product Regulations in the UK. In the United States of America (USA) and Canada, Gore® Cover compost facilities are producing Class A and Class AA exceptional quality compost according to US EPA and individual State regulations, the CCME and BQN standards. Examples of hygienization certificates that have been issued for GORE® Cover include: • Hygiene Design and Encapsulated System/ In-Vessel (Europe) • US EPA Pathogen Equivalency Committee Recommendation for National Equivalency for Alternative 5: Use of PFRP [503.32(a) (7) and (B) (1) of Appendix B (USA) April 2010: USA Nationwide Class A Biosolids Compliance: The GORE® Cover technology also received a recommendation of national equivalency from the EPA Pathogen Equivalency Committee (PEC) that the GORE® Cover is capable of meeting and/or exceeding criteria for achieving Class A Biosolids as described in Alternative 5: Use of PFRP [503.32(a) (7) and (B) (1) of Appendix B. in a covered aerated static pile without the use of an insulating layer of material (such as finished compost). Temperature Monitoring In order to provide proper process control for composting a robust and reliable sensor technology is imperative for collecting data for controlling the system and data logging measurements. The probes and sensors used with GORE® Cover are state of the art technology. All 300 plus worldwide compost installations with GORE® Cover use a single temperature and oxygen probe. The temperature probe and oxygen probe are located 40ft (12m) from the push wall (or blower). Only one temperature probe and one oxygen probe are used due to the following reasons: 1. The GORE® Cover has unique physical properties in regard to air permeability which is selectively designed into the membrane and allows evenly distributed air and pressure within a heap. 2. When the GORE® Cover perimeter fastening system is either weighted (sealed) to the ground in the heap design or secured (sealed) to the side walls in a bunker design, the entire pile can then be pressurized ensuring an even distribution of air throughout the pile. © 2023 W. L. Gore & Associates GmbH. GORE®, GORE® Cover and designs are trademarks of W. L. Gore & Associates. SG Bunker® System, SG Heap® System, SG Mobile® System, SG SmartStart™ Services are designs and trademark of Sustainable Generation LLC. Confidential and Proprietary Information The T- Air at 0 cm temperature point is at the surface interface between the top of the pile and below the cover; essentially taking the temperature reading of the insulating air layer when the blower is operating (on) and taking the pile surface temperature when the blower is off. As the blower cycles on and off, the GORE® Cover is lifted (ballooned) off the pile before deflating again and lying directly on the pile. This allows the insulating layer (T- Air), the (T2-25cm) surface temperature and (T3-50cm to T5-100cm) compost temperatures to be collected. The relevant temperature points collected are T3-50cm through T5-100cm. Typical Temperature Graph for 3 phase 8 week process Screenshots from SG Compost Control System © 2023 W. L. Gore & Associates GmbH. GORE®, GORE® Cover and designs are trademarks of W. L. Gore & Associates. SG Bunker® System, SG Heap® System, SG Mobile® System, SG SmartStart™ Services are designs and trademark of Sustainable Generation LLC. Confidential and Proprietary Information VOC Emission Compliance The following data is in chronological order by date of the testing and from pilot projects and existing full-scale composting facilities that are using GORE® Cover with reported data for VOC emission reduction. Source Testing: Demonstration Projects Source Testing: Existing Permitted Facilities South Coast Air Quality Management District (SCAQMD) San Joaquin Valley Air Pollution Control District (SJVAPCD) San Joaquin Valley Air Pollution Control District has issued an assessment that the Gore® Cover System is capable of meeting and/ or exceeding the emission requirements for Rule 4565, Rule 4565 and BACT when designed, installed, operated and maintained per GORE® Cover supplier specifications… • BACT (Best Available Control Technology) -Co-composting operations • Rule 4565- Biosolids, Animal Manure, Poultry Litter • Rule 4566 - Organic Material South Coast Air Quality Management District completed source testing and achieved greater than 90% reduction for VOC emission and 99% for NH3… • Rule 1133.3 Facility Input Materials VOC Control Year Air District Fontana, CA Food/ Green Organics 89%2016 Rule 1133.3 SCAQMD Tulare, CA Biosolids/ Green Organics 87%2016 Rule 4565 SJVAPCD Tulare, CA Biosolids/ Green Organics 96%2018 Rule 4565 SJVAPCD Kerman, CA Food/ Green Organics 95%2018 Rule 4566 SJVAPCD Tulare, CA Biosolids/ Green Organics 98%2019 Rule 4565 SJVAPCD Fontana, CA Food/ Green Organics 97%2019 Rule 1133.3 SCAQMD Kerman, CA Food/ Green Organics 95%2019 Rule 4566 SJVAPCD Kerman, CA Food/ Green Organics 96%2022 Rule 4566 SJVAPCD Tulare, CA Biosolids/ Green Organics 99%2023 Rule 4565 SJVAPCD © 2023 W. L. Gore & Associates GmbH. GORE®, GORE® Cover and designs are trademarks of W. L. Gore & Associates. SG Bunker® System, SG Heap® System, SG Mobile® System, SG SmartStart™ Services are designs and trademark of Sustainable Generation LLC. Confidential and Proprietary Information Efficient Odor Reduction as Compared to Open or Uncovered Composting Year: 2000 The GORE® Cover - as the critical component - allows for effective odor and VOC emission control by the following: Directly retaining odorous and emission compounds passing through the cover: The GORE® Cover works against gaseous substances that escape from the composting material as a diffusion barrier. A fine film of condensate on the inner side of cover develops during composting that retains odors and other gaseous substances. These gases mostly dissolve in the water film and drip back into the pile and continue to be broken down by the composting process. This results in a reduction of the overall emission flux. According to a DBU research project funded by German Federal Foundation for Environment (DBU) revealed in the year 2000 that the use of a micro-pore cover in combination with positive aeration (heap A+B) in high-rate composting as compared to open windrow composting (heap C) leads to a >90% reduction in the odor emissions in active (Intensive) and curing (Subsequent) phases of composting. If the cover is also used in the finishing (maturity) phase of composting, the odor flux can be lowered to up to >95%. Heap A+B: Composting with GORE® Cover Active Composting: Phase I (high rate) Heap C: Open windrow composting Curing Composting: Phase II (stabilization) Re-stacking: Movement of Material (turning) Finishing: Phase III (maturity) Decomposition age [d]: Number of composting days Odor load [OU/m²h]: Odor flux [OU/m²h] Source: Chem.- Biol. M. Kühner, Dr. Ing. K. Fischer University Stuttgart, Institute für Siedlungswasserbau, Wassergüte und Abfallwirtschaft, Abteilung Siedlungsabfall © 2023 W. L. Gore & Associates GmbH. GORE®, GORE® Cover and designs are trademarks of W. L. Gore & Associates. SG Bunker® System, SG Heap® System, SG Mobile® System, SG SmartStart™ Services are designs and trademark of Sustainable Generation LLC. Confidential and Proprietary Information Efficient Odor Reduction as Compared to Open or Uncovered Composting Year: 2021 In 2021, Sustainable Generation and W.L Gore & Associates replicated the odor study performed by DBU research project funded by German Federal Foundation for Environment (DBU) performed in 2000. This report describes the area source testing results of green waste (with approximately 25% food waste) composting using GORE® technology. The testing was completed using the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) surface emission isolation flux chamber (flux chamber) complete with the SCAQMD modifications for advective flow sources (SCAQMD Rule1133.3). This testing effort was completed at the Miramar Composting Facility operated by the City of San Diego, CA. Source: Schmidt/Card: GORE® Composting System Odor Emissions Assessment Report, January 2022 © 2023 W. L. Gore & Associates GmbH. GORE®, GORE® Cover and designs are trademarks of W. L. Gore & Associates. SG Bunker® System, SG Heap® System, SG Mobile® System, SG SmartStart™ Services are designs and trademark of Sustainable Generation LLC. Confidential and Proprietary Information Storm Water and Process Liquids (Leachate) Management The GORE® Cover composting system’s water management efficiency is achieved by the well-balanced interaction of the system components and the site’s constructed infrastructure. The GORE® Cover - as the critical component - allows for effective management of leachate reduction by two means: Separation of storm water from leachate: Separation of storm water is achieved by physically covering the organic material with the GORE® Cover and the GORE® Cover must be sealed to the ground. Each membrane pore is 20,000 times smaller than the smallest water drop Whereas the rain or snow is carried away as run off across the GORE® Cover; the GORE® Cover is impermeable to liquids, comparable to a hard paved surface. The run-off water can then be directed by the slope of the hard paved surface or by drainage trench to a storm water system for treatment, holding or discharge as would be the same for an enclosed building or roofed structure. GORE® Cover delivers in-vessel performance without the need for a building or roofed structure. Leachate collection: Leachate is collected under the heaps by a built in-ground trenching system, the built in-ground trench is used both to deliver air to the composting process as well as act as a leachate collection and delivery mechanism. The leachate is directed by drainage piping to a holding system for treatment, reuse or discharge.