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HomeMy WebLinkAboutButte County HE Background Report (final draft)BUTTE COUNTY HOUSING ELEMENT UPDATE BACKGROUND REPORT MAY 25, 2004 J. Laurence Mintier & Associates Vernazza Wolfe Associates, Inc. Chapter 4: Housing Butte County Housing Element May 25, 2004 Background Report 1 CHAPTER 4: HOUSING TABLE OF CONTENTS 4.1 INTRODUCTION.................................................................................................................................................4 4.2 NEEDS ASSESSMENT.........................................................................................................................................5 HOUSING STOCK AND DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE .........................................................................................................5 Demographic and Employment Characteristics and Trends ...............................................................................5 Population/Demographic Trends and Employment Characteristics and Trends ...............................................................5 Potential Population Change and Job Growth Impacts on Housing Need.......................................................................10 Housing Characteristics and Trends..................................................................................................................10 Housing Inventory / Supply............................................................................................................................................10 Vacancy Rates.................................................................................................................................................................11 Overcrowded Housing....................................................................................................................................................12 Households Overpaying for Housing..............................................................................................................................13 Housing Affordability.....................................................................................................................................................14 Housing Conditions ........................................................................................................................................................19 Growth in Manufactured Housing...................................................................................................................................20 HOUSING NEEDS ......................................................................................................................................................20 Regional Fair Share Allocation Evaluation.......................................................................................................20 Special Housing Needs.......................................................................................................................................23 Homeless Persons ...........................................................................................................................................................23 People with Disabilities ..................................................................................................................................................24 Senior Households..........................................................................................................................................................26 Large Households...........................................................................................................................................................28 Female-Headed Households............................................................................................................................................28 Farmworkers...................................................................................................................................................................28 4.3 RESOURCE INVENTORY................................................................................................................................30 AVAILABILITY OF LAND AND SERVICES ..................................................................................................................30 Survey of Available Land...................................................................................................................................30 Description Of Criteria For Identifying Housing Sites ...................................................................................................30 Inventory of Vacant And Underdeveloped Sites.............................................................................................................30 Total Residential Holding Capacity vs. Projected Needs by Housing Type and Income Group.....................................41 Land Available for Other Types of Housing and Shelter...................................................................................45 Manufactured Housing....................................................................................................................................................45 Transitional Housing and Emergency Shelters ...............................................................................................................45 Farmworker housing.......................................................................................................................................................46 Second Units...................................................................................................................................................................46 Sites Suitable for Redevelopment for Residential Use....................................................................................................46 Adequacy of Public Facilities, Services, and Infrastructure..............................................................................47 Roads..............................................................................................................................................................................47 Parks ...............................................................................................................................................................................48 Law Enforcement............................................................................................................................................................48 Fire..................................................................................................................................................................................49 Schools............................................................................................................................................................................49 Storm Drainage...............................................................................................................................................................50 Water ..............................................................................................................................................................................50 Sewer..............................................................................................................................................................................51 Infrastructure Financing..................................................................................................................................................52 Summary.........................................................................................................................................................................53 INVENTORY OF LOCAL, STATE, AND FEDERAL HOUSING AND FINANCING PROGRAMS ...........................................53 The Housing Authority of Butte County.............................................................................................................53 Butte County Department of Behavioral Health – SEARCH Program..............................................................54 Butte County Housing Rehabilitation Program.................................................................................................54 Chapter 4: Housing Butte County Housing Element May 25, 2004 Background Report 2 Community Action Agency of Butte County.......................................................................................................54 Assisted Housing Projects..................................................................................................................................55 Funding Programs.............................................................................................................................................55 Preserving At-Risk Units....................................................................................................................................56 4.4 CONSTRAINTS AND INCENTIVES...............................................................................................................57 POTENTIAL CONSTRAINTS TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF HOUSING ..............................................................................57 Potential Government Constraints.....................................................................................................................57 Land Use Controls..........................................................................................................................................................57 Parking Standards...........................................................................................................................................................61 Secondary Dwelling Unit Policies..................................................................................................................................61 Site Development Standards...........................................................................................................................................62 Growth Controls/Growth Management...........................................................................................................................63 Processing and Permit Procedures..................................................................................................................................63 Open Space and Park Requirements ...............................................................................................................................65 Inclusionary Requirements .............................................................................................................................................65 Density Bonus.................................................................................................................................................................65 Building Codes and Enforcement ...................................................................................................................................65 On/Off–Site Improvement Requirements .......................................................................................................................66 Watershed Area Constraints............................................................................................................................................67 State of California, Article 34.........................................................................................................................................68 Development, Maintenance, and Improvement of Housing for Persons with Disabilities..............................................68 Other Standards...............................................................................................................................................................69 Local Efforts to Remove Barriers...................................................................................................................................70 Potential Non-Government Constraints.............................................................................................................71 Availability of Financing................................................................................................................................................71 Land Costs......................................................................................................................................................................72 Development Costs.........................................................................................................................................................72 Development Cost Trends...............................................................................................................................................72 Environmental Constraints..............................................................................................................................................73 ENERGY CONSERVATION OPPORTUNITIES ...............................................................................................................74 4.5 EVALUATION....................................................................................................................................................75 REVIEW OF EXISTING HOUSING ELEMENT ...............................................................................................................75 WHAT WAS LEARNED FROM THE PREVIOUS HOUSING ELEMENT ............................................................................75 LIST OF TABLES TABLE 4-1 1990 AND 2000 POPULATION AND HOUSEHOLD INFORMATION FOR UNINCORPORATED BUTTE COUNTY, BUTTE COUNTY TOTAL, AND CALIFORNIA............................................................................................................5 TABLE 4-2 AGE DISTRIBUTION AND HOUSEHOLD COMPOSITION FOR UNINCORPORATED BUTTE COUNTY AND CALIFORNIA, 2000................................................................................................................................................6 TABLE 4-3 INCOME DISTRIBUTION, UNINCORPORATED BUTTE COUNTY AND CALIFORNIA 1999..................................7 TABLE 4-4 HISTORICAL EMPLOYMENT BY STANDARD INDUSTRY CODE BUTTE COUNTY: 1983-2002..........................9 TABLE 4-5 FORECAST EMPLOYMENT BY STANDARD INDUSTRY CODE BUTTE COUNTY: 1999-2006.............................9 TABLE 4-6 HOUSING STOCK BY TYPE AND VACANCY FOR UNINCORPORATED BUTTE COUNTY AND CALIFORNIA, 2000 ...........................................................................................................................................................................11 TABLE 4-7 VACANT UNITS IN UNINCORPORATED BUTTE COUNTY AND CALIFORNIA, 2000........................................12 TABLE 4-8 OVERCROWDING BY TENURE FOR UNINCORPORATED BUTTE COUNTY AND CALIFORNIA 2000.................12 TABLE 4-9 UNINCORPORATED BUTTE COUNTY HOUSING COSTS AS A PERCENTAGE OF INCOME BY TENURE..............13 TABLE 4-10 2003 BUTTE COUNTY DEFINITIONS OF HOUSING INCOME LIMITS ............................................................15 TABLE 4-11 BUTTE COUNTY ABILITY TO PAY FOR HOUSING FOR VERY LOW-, LOW-, MEDIAN- AND MODERATE- INCOME HOUSEHOLDS ........................................................................................................................................16 TABLE 4-12 BUTTE COUNTY FAIR MARKET RENT, 2003.............................................................................................16 TABLE 4-13 AFFORDABLE RENTS AND HOUSING PRICES AND INCOMES FOR SELECTED FAMILIES AND OCCUPATIONS, BUTTE COUNTY, 2003........................................................................................................................................18 Chapter 4: Housing Butte County Housing Element May 25, 2004 Background Report 3 TABLE 4-14 AVERAGE AND MEDIAN SALE PRICES FOR HOMES IN BUTTE COUNTY AND SELECTED AREAS, 2002......19 TABLE 4-15 UNINCORPORATED BUTTE COUNTY AND CALIFORNIA-AGE OF HOUSING STOCK, 2000...........................19 TABLE 4-16 UNINCORPORATED BUTTE COUNTY REGIONAL HOUSING NEEDS DETERMINATION BY INCOME 2001-2008 ...........................................................................................................................................................................21 TABLE 4-17 COMPARISON OF HOUSING UNIT PRODUCTION WITH BCAG’S PROJECTED HOUSING NEEDS FOR UNINCORPORATED BUTTE COUNTY (2001-2008)1 ..............................................................................................22 TABLE 4-18 DISABLED POPULATION FIVE YEARS AND OLDER UNINCORPORATED BUTTE COUNTY, 2000..................24 TABLE 4-19 TYPES OF DISABILITIES PERSONS FIVE YEARS AND OLDER UNINCORPORATED BUTTE COUNTY, 2000...25 TABLE 4-20 NUMBER OF SENIORS IN UNINCORPORATED BUTTE COUNTY (2000)........................................................26 TABLE 4-21 UNINCORPORATED BUTTE COUNTY, COMPARISON OF COST BURDENS BY AGE AND TENURE (2000)......27 TABLE 4-22 UNINCORPORATED BUTTE COUNTY VACANT LAND INVENTORY .............................................................32 TABLE 4-23 SUMMARY OF VACANT LAND WITH RESIDENTIAL LAND USE DESIGNATIONS AND ZONING.....................36 TABLE 4-24 VACANT LDR, MDR, AND HDR RESIDENTIAL DESIGNATIONS WITH OTHER ZONING ............................37 TABLE 4-25 OTHER DESIGNATIONS WITH R-1, R-2, R-3, OR R-4 ZONING ...................................................................37 TABLE 4-26 MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE DENSITY FOR RESIDENTIAL LAND USE DESIGNATIONS AND ZONING DISTRICTS ...........................................................................................................................................................................39 TABLE 4-27 ESTIMATE OF RESIDENTIAL HOLDING CAPACITY FOR LAND WITH RESIDENTIAL LAND USE DESIGNATIONS AND ZONING DISTRICTS BASED ON DEVELOPABLE ACREAGE AND GENERAL PLAN DENSITIES .40 TABLE 4-28 INVENTORY OF SITES AVAILABLE FOR AFFORDABLE HOUSING................................................................43 TABLE 4-29 RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPMENT POTENTIAL BY AFFORDABILITY CATEGORY ..............................................44 TABLE 4-30 RESIDENTIAL HOLDING CAPACITY ANALYSIS ..........................................................................................45 TABLE 4-31 ZONING ORDINANCE REGULATIONS FOR GROUP LIVING ..........................................................................46 TABLE 4-32 RESIDENTIAL LAND USE DESIGNATIONS IN THE BUTTE COUNTY GENERAL PLAN ...................................58 TABLE 4-33 BUTTE COUNTY ZONING DISTRICTS .........................................................................................................59 TABLE 4-34 ALLOWABLE RESIDENTIAL USES BUTTE COUNTY R-1, R-2, R-3, AND R-4 ZONES ...................................60 TABLE 4-35 SITE DEVELOPMENT STANDARDS BUTTE COUNTY R-1, R-2, R-3, AND R-4 ZONES .................................63 TABLE 4-36 SCHEDULE OF RESIDENTIAL PROCESSING TIMES, BUTTE COUNTY ...........................................................64 TABLE 4-37 ANNUAL PRICES AND SIZES FOR NEW HOMES, BUTTE COUNTY AND CALIFORNIA (1991-2001)..............73 TABLE 4-38 ASSESSMENT OF BUTTE COUNTY’S 1993 HOUSING ELEMENT POLICIES ..................................................78 TABLE 4-39 ASSESSMENT OF BUTTE COUNTY 1993 HOUSING ELEMENT IMPLEMENTATION PROGRAMS.....................81 Chapter 4: Housing Butte County Housing Element May 25, 2004 Background Report 4 4.1 INTRODUCTION The Housing Element Background Report chapter provides current (to 2003) information on household characteristics, housing needs, housing supply, land inventory for new development, housing programs, constraints, and incentives for new housing development. It also evaluates progress made since the last Housing Element was adopted. Where available, population and housing projections are provided as well. The Butte County Housing Element covers the unincorporated areas of Butte County. Thus, this Housing Element does not discuss the incorporated cities in Butte County (Biggs, Chico, Gridley, Oroville, and Paradise). Wherever possible, information on the unincorporated area is reported. In those situations for which it is not possible to single out the unincorporated area, information for the entire county is shown. Chapter 4: Housing Butte County Housing Element May 25, 2004 Background Report 5 4.2 NEEDS ASSESSMENT The purpose of this section is to present information on the population, employment, and housing conditions for unincorporated Butte County. The main source of information is the 2000 Census. Other sources of information used to describe existing conditions in unincorporated Butte County include the Butte County Regional Housing Needs Plan (prepared by Butte County Association of Governments), and other economic data, such as home sales prices, rents, wages, etc. Housing Stock and Demographic Profile Demographic and Employment Characteristics and Trends Population/Demographic Trends and Employment Characteristics and Trends Demographic Characteristics Information on total population, total households, average household size, age distribution, household type, and household tenure is shown in Tables 4-1 and 4-2. The total population in unincorporated Butte County declined by approximately two percent between 1990 and 2000, while the overall county population grew by almost 12 percent. This difference in growth rates is explained by the annexation of unincorporated areas by Butte County cities between 1990 and 2000. For example, the city of Chico’s population grew by 50 percent during this time period. Unincorporated Butte County’s household growth was also negative at three percent, in comparison to the total county’s growth of an 11 percent in the number of households. Finally, average household size in unincorporated Butte County is declining. For example in 1990, the average household was 2.61 persons, whereas in 2000, the comparable figure was 2.48 persons per household. Average household size for unincorporated Butte County in 2000 was below that of California as a whole (2.94 persons per household). TABLE 4-1 1990 AND 2000 POPULATION AND HOUSEHOLD INFORMATION FOR UNINCORPORATED BUTTE COUNTY, BUTTE COUNTY TOTAL, AND CALIFORNIA Population and Household Information Unincorporated Butte County Butte County Total California 2000 Population 96,068 203,171 33,871,648 1990 Population 98,461 182,120 29,758,213 Percentage Population Growth (1990-2000)-2.4%11.6%13.8% 2000 Number of Households 37,209 79,566 11,502,870 1990 Number of Households 38,360 71,665 10,381,206 Household Growth (1990-2000)-3.0%11.0%10.8% 2000 Average Household Size 2.48 2.44 2.94 1990 Average Household Size 2.61 2.47 2.87 Sources: 1990 and 2000 Census. Chapter 4: Housing Butte County Housing Element May 25, 2004 Background Report 6 The distribution of Butte County's population according to age categories in 2000 shown in Table 4-2 reflects an older population. Although the percentage of the population that is 19 and under is similar to the percentage in California as a whole in this same age group, there are proportionately fewer people in the 20-34 and 35-44 age groups in unincorporated Butte County. However, the reverse trend is evident in the age categories above 44 years. This group represents almost 42 percent of the population in unincorporated Butte County, but only 31 percent in California. Finally, the proportion of elderly persons (65 and over) in unincorporated Butte County in 2000 was higher than the proportion of elderly persons in the state overall. The U.S. Census divides households into two different categories, depending on their composition. Family households are those that consist of two or more related persons living together. Non-family households include persons who live alone or in groups composed of unrelated individuals. As shown in Table 4-2, over two-thirds of California households were family households in 2000. A similar proportion of households were families in unincorporated Butte County as well in 2000. Finally, of the population living in group quarters in unincorporated Butte County, over 90 percent did not live in institutions. These individuals are likely to be living in assisted living facilities, boarding houses, and other non-household living situations. TABLE 4-2 AGE DISTRIBUTION AND HOUSEHOLD COMPOSITION FOR UNINCORPORATED BUTTE COUNTY AND CALIFORNIA, 2000 Unincorporated Butte County California Age Distribution 19 and Under 27,488 28.3%10,229,238 30.2% 20-34 14,663 15.1%7,621,121 22.5% 35-44 14,316 14.7%5,487,207 16.2% 45-54 14,728 15.2%4,335,571 12.8% 55-64 10,039 10.3%2,608,117 7.7% 65 & over 15,824 16.3%3,590,395 10.6% Total 97,058 100.0%33,871,648 100.0% Household Type Families 26,116 69.9%7,985,489 69.4% Non-Families 11,253 30.1%3,526,531 30.6% Total Households 37,369 100.0%11,512,020 100.0% Persons in Group Quarters Institutionalized population 79 6.6%415,554 50.7% Non-institutionalized population 1,120 93.4%403,905 49.3% Total 1,199 100.0%819,459 100.0% Housing Tenure Renter 10,011 26.8%4,957,737 43.1% Owner 27,280 73.2%6,545,133 56.9% Total Households 37,291 100,0%11,502,870 100.0% Source: 2000 Census. The rate of homeownership in unincorporated Butte County is much higher than in California as a whole; approximately 73 percent of households in unincorporated Butte County own their own homes, in comparison to about 57 percent statewide. Given the small percentage of housing units in multifamily structures and the higher percentage of housing units that are either single family or mobile homes (see Table 4-6), this higher percentage of homeownership is not surprising. Chapter 4: Housing Butte County Housing Element May 25, 2004 Background Report 7 Household Income Table 4-3 shows the distribution of 1999 household incomes for unincorporated Butte County and California. On the whole, household incomes in unincorporated Butte County are lower than incomes in California. For example, about one-third of all households in the unincorporated county earned under $25,000 in 1999, while about one-quarter of households in the State earned below $25,000. At the other end of the income spectrum, about eight percent of households in unincorporated Butte County earned over $100,000 in comparison to 17 percent in California as a whole. These income differences reflect the employment opportunities and pay scales in unincorporated Butte County. Also, since the cost of living is lower, households on fixed incomes, such as retirees and other persons with limited incomes, can afford to live in unincorporated Butte County. TABLE 4-3 INCOME DISTRIBUTION, UNINCORPORATED BUTTE COUNTY AND CALIFORNIA 1999 Income Unincorporated Butte County California Number Percent Number Percent Under $25,000 12,897 34.5%2,934,115 25.5% $25,000 to $34,999 5,557 14.9%1,315,085 11.4% $35,000-$49,999 6,474 17.3%1,745,961 15.2% $50,000 to $74,999 6,545 17.5%2,202,873 19.1% $75,000 to $99,999 2,975 8.0%1,326,569 11.5% $100,000 and over 2,921 7.8%1,987,417 17.3% Total Households 37,369 100.0%11,512,020 100.0% Source: 2000 Census. Although the median income figure for the unincorporated county is unavailable, information on the total county is available. The median household income in the entire county increased from $22,776 in 1989 to $31,924 in 1999, for an increase of 40 percent, unadjusted for inflation. In comparison, although California’s median income was higher than Butte County’s ($47,493) in 1999, the rate of increase during the same time period (1989-1999) was slightly lower at 33 percent. Per capita income for the entire county was $17,517 in 2000. In 1990, per capita income for the county was $12,083. These figures are unadjusted for inflation. This represents an increase of 45 percent. However, the rate of poverty has increased slightly between 1989 and 1999. The poverty rate for the entire county was 17 percent in 1989 and increased to 20 percent in 1999. In other words, one in five persons in Butte County lives at or below the poverty rate. Although California’s poverty rate also increased between 1989 and 1999, its rate in 1999 of 14 percent was lower than Butte County’s. Chapter 4: Housing Butte County Housing Element May 25, 2004 Background Report 8 Existing and Projected Employment Table 4-4 shows actual employment by major sector in Butte County for 1983, 1990, 2000, and 2002. This information is not available for the unincorporated area. Most industry groups in Butte County follow the overall trend of county employment There are, however, several notable exceptions. The table below shows jobs by location by major Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) code classifications for the period between 1983 and 2002. Services, government, and retail trade accounted for 74.6 percent of the jobs in the Butte County economy in 2002, compared to 66.6 percent in 1983. Most of this increase is due to the increased share of service jobs in the local economy. Services include such diverse activities as hotels, medical clinics, and beauty shops. Government includes federal, state and local offices and agencies, special districts, and public schools. Retail trade includes all those businesses that are open to the general public for the purchase of goods. As the table indicates, agriculture and transportation and public utilities jobs remained stable between 1983 and 2000. However, there was a dramatic decrease in farm jobs from 2000 to 2002. Total manufacturing jobs declined slightly from 1990 to 2000 after significant growth from 1983 to 1990, and then also declined dramatically from 2000 to 2002. On the other hand, the FIRE (finance, insurance & real estate) and service sectors have experienced the greatest and most consistent growth. Construction and mining, retail trade, wholesale trade, and government jobs increased steadily, but at lower rates. Chapter 4: Housing Butte County Housing Element May 25, 2004 Background Report 9 TABLE 4-4 HISTORICAL EMPLOYMENT BY STANDARD INDUSTRY CODE BUTTE COUNTY: 1983-2002 1983 % of Total Wage & Salary Emp. 1990 % of Total Wage & Salary Emp. 2000 % of Total Wage & Salary Emp. 2002 % of Total Wage & Salary Emp. AAGR 1983- 2002 AAGR 2000- 2002 Total Wage and Salary Jobs, All Industries 45,500 100.0%60,700 100.0%72,900 100.0%75,800 100.0%2.7%2.0% Total Farm Jobs 3,000 6.6%3,100 5.1%3,000 4.1%2,200 2.9%-1.6%-14.4% Total Non-Farm Jobs 42,400 93.2%57,400 94.6%70,000 96.0%73,600 97.1%2.9%2.5% Construction & Mining 1,400 3.1%2,900 4.8%2,500 3.4%2,900 3.8%3.9%7.7% Manufacturing 4,100 9.0%5,900 9.7%5,700 7.8%4,300 5.7%0.3%-13.1% Transportation & Public Utilities 2,700 5.9%2,500 4.1%2,800 3.8%2,500 3.3%-0.4%-5.5% Wholesale Trade 1,700 3.7%1,800 3.0%2,400 3.3%2,500 3.3%2.1%2.1% Retail Trade 9,700 21.3%13,400 22.1%14,600 20.0%16,600 21.9%2.9%6.6% Finance, Insurance & Real Estate 2,200 4.8%3,000 4.9%4,100 5.6%4,800 6.3%4.2%8.2% Services 10,100 22.2%14,900 24.5%21,600 29.6%22,700 29.9%4.4%2.5% Government 10,500 23.1%13,000 21.4%16,300 22.4%17,300 22.8%2.7%3.0% Source: California Employment Development Department, Labor Market Information Division, Industry Employment & Labor Force - by Annual Average, March 2001 Benchmark. Notes: Industry employment data reflects jobs by “place of work.” Estimates are developed based on data collected directly from employers in the Current Employment Survey (CES) or “establishment survey.” It does not include the self-employed, unpaid family workers, and private household employees. Jobs that pay wages and salaries located in the county or the Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) are counted although workers may live outside the area. Jobs are counted regardless of full-time or part-time status. Individuals who hold more than one job (i.e., multiple job holders) may be counted more than once. Population growth rates have historically lagged behind employment growth rates in Butte County. Table 4-5 below provides employment forecasts by industry from the California Employment Development Department (EDD) through the year 2006. TABLE 4-5 FORECAST EMPLOYMENT BY STANDARD INDUSTRY CODE BUTTE COUNTY: 1999-2006 Industry Group 1999 2006 Change % Change AAGR Mining & Construction 2,700 3,100 400 14.8%2.0% Manufacturing 5,700 6,000 300 5.3%0.7% Transportation & Public Utilities 2,900 3,000 100 3.4%0.5% Wholesale Trade 2,200 2,400 200 9.1%1.3% Retail Trade 14,400 15,300 900 6.3%0.9% Finance, Insurance, & Real Estate 3,900 4,600 700 17.9%2.4% Services 21,800 22,600 800 3.7%0.5% Government 15,100 17,400 2,300 15.2%2.0% Total Non-farm 68,700 74,400 5,700 8.3%1.1% Source: California Employment Development Department, Industry Employment Projections, Butte County 1999-2006 Notes: March 2000 benchmark; data based on 1987 Standard Industrial Classifications (SIC) As shown in the table above, Butte County is projected to have an overall average annual job growth of 1.1 percent from 1999 to 2006. Based on historical trends, population growth rates would be somewhat lower than this. Chapter 4: Housing Butte County Housing Element May 25, 2004 Background Report 10 Mining and construction, FIRE, and government jobs were projected to grow at the fastest rates, with the retail trade, FIRE, services, and government sectors projected to add the greatest absolute number of jobs. According to EDD’s County Snapshots: Butte County 2002, the occupations most likely to have the most job gains for the three highest absolute-growth industries are as follows: • government (office clerks, maintenance and repair workers, recreation workers, and patrol officers) • retail trade (retail salespersons, cashiers, first-line supervisors/retail sales managers, and waitpersons) • services (teacher’s aides, health care professionals, registered nurses, and computer support specialists) As of July 1, 2002, the total Butte County unemployment rate was 7.7 percent, slightly higher than California’s unemployment rate at 6.3 percent (California Employment Development Department). However, unemployment rates for cities and unincorporated areas within Butte County vary widely. For example, the highest unemployment rate in Butte County was 18.0 percent for the South Oroville unincorporated area. This rate is followed by a 14.0 percent unemployment rate in the City of Gridley and a 12.6 percent unemployment rate in the unincorporated area of Thermalito. In contrast, the unemployment rate in unincorporated Durham is 3.9 percent (Butte County Regional Housing Needs Plan, 2001-2008). Potential Population Change and Job Growth Impacts on Housing Need Over one-third of Butte County’s projected job growth during this period will be in the relatively low-paying service sector. This trend points to a strong need for an increased amount of lower- income housing to meet the needs of present and future employees in Butte County and to try to reach a more even jobs-housing balance. Housing Characteristics and Trends Housing Inventory / Supply Table 4-6 shows comparative data on the housing stock in unincorporated Butte County and California in 2000. This table reports on the total housing stock in each area according to the type of structures in which units are located. Table 4-6 also shows vacancy rate information. As shown in this table, single family detached housing units accounted for the majority of housing in unincorporated Butte County in 2000. At 65 percent of the total housing units, single family detached units in unincorporated Butte County make up a larger proportion of the total housing stock than in California as a whole, where 56 percent of all units are single family, detached homes. Finally, the percentage of housing units that are mobile homes in Chapter 4: Housing Butte County Housing Element May 25, 2004 Background Report 11 unincorporated Butte County (25 percent) is much higher than the percentage of units that are mobile homes in California (four percent).1 TABLE 4-6 HOUSING STOCK BY TYPE AND VACANCY FOR UNINCORPORATED BUTTE COUNTY AND CALIFORNIA, 2000 Unincorporated Butte County California Number Percent Number Percent Total 40,783 100.0%12,214,549 100.0% Single Family Detached 26,326 64.6%6,883,493 56.4% Attached 870 2.1%931,873 7.6% Multifamily 2 to 4 units 1,928 4.7%1,024,803 8.4% 5 plus units 1,060 2.6%2,804,712 23.0% Mobile Homes 10,294 25.2%538,423 4.4% Boats, RVs, vans 305 0.7%31,245 0.3% Occupied Units 37,291 11,502,870 Vacant Units 3,492 8.6%711,679 6.2% Source: 2000 Census. Vacancy Rates Table 4-6 also shows the number and percentage of occupied units and vacant units. It is important to note that these counts include all vacant units, including those units held vacant for seasonal use; not all of the vacant units are actually offered for sale or for rent. Unincorporated Butte County had a vacancy rate of approximately nine percent in 2000, somewhat higher than the vacancy rate in California as a whole (six percent). Table 4-7 provides a detailed breakdown of these vacant units. A high percentage of these vacant units (39 percent) are not intended for full-time occupancy, since they are available for seasonal or recreational uses. Also, in comparison with California, a lower percentage of vacant units are available for rent in unincorporated Butte County (18 percent compared with 28 percent), while the percentage of vacant units available for sale is slightly higher. 1 Mobile homes refer to homes on wheels, and manufactured housing refers to modular housing built on a permanent foundation. In this housing element, the term “manufactured housing” is used for both. The term “mobile home” is used in this document in two situations. The first situation is one in which the data source, usually the U.S. Census, uses the term “mobile home.” The second situation is one in which the text refers to zoning ordinances or other regulations which specify “mobile home.” Chapter 4: Housing Butte County Housing Element May 25, 2004 Background Report 12 TABLE 4-7 VACANT UNITS IN UNINCORPORATED BUTTE COUNTY AND CALIFORNIA, 2000 Unincorporated Butte County California Number Percentage Number Percentage Total: Vacant Units 3,492 100.0%711,679 100.0% For rent 639 18.3%201,388 28.3% For sale only 696 19.9%115,343 16.2% Rented or sold, not occupied 320 9.2%54,785 7.7% For seasonal, recreational, or occasional use 1,367 39.1%261,950 36.8% For migrant workers 13 0.4%2,194 0.3% Other vacant 457 13.1%76,019 10.7% Source: 2000 Census. Overcrowded Housing Information on overcrowded housing is available from the 2000 U.S. Census. Table 4-8 compares data for unincorporated Butte County with data for California. A housing unit is considered overcrowded if there is more than 1.0 person per room. Approximately 93 percent of unincorporated Butte County's occupied housing units had 1.0 or fewer persons per room in 2000; fewer than seven percent of housing units would have been considered overcrowded in 2000. These statistics show overcrowding was less of a problem in 2000 in unincorporated Butte County than in California overall, where 15 percent of all households had more than 1.0 persons per room. As of 2000, approximately 2,500 households were overcrowded in unincorporated Butte County When disaggregated by tenure, it is clear that renters are disproportionately more crowded compared to owners; almost 15 percent of renter households are overcrowded in comparison to four percent of owners in unincorporated Butte County. This same trend is evident statewide. TABLE 4-8 OVERCROWDING BY TENURE FOR UNINCORPORATED BUTTE COUNTY AND CALIFORNIA 2000 Unincorporated Butte County California Owners 27,280 6,546,237 Persons Per Room One or Fewer 26,246 5,984,221 1.01 or more 1,034 562,016 % Overcrowded 3.8%8.6% Renters 10,011 4,956,633 Persons Per Room One or Fewer 8,534 3,770,297 1.01 or more 1,477 1,186,336 % Overcrowded 14.8%23.9% Total Occupied Units 37,291 11,502,870 Persons Per Room One or Fewer 34,780 9,754,518 1.01 or more 2,511 1,748,352 % Overcrowded 6.7%15.2% Source: 2000 Census. Chapter 4: Housing Butte County Housing Element May 25, 2004 Background Report 13 Households Overpaying for Housing Table 4-9 contains data from the 2000 U.S. Census regarding the percentage of household income spent on housing costs for unincorporated Butte County households. This information is shown separately according to tenure. According to federal and state affordability standards, a household's gross monthly housing costs should not require more than 30 percent of its gross monthly income. As shown in Table 4-9, 4,499 owner households (26 percent of all owners) in unincorporated Butte County paid 30 percent or more of their monthly incomes for housing. Among renters, this figure is higher. Forty-three percent of renter households, or a total of 4,191 households, paid 30 percent or more of their monthly incomes for housing costs. Although the percentage of renters that experience high cost burdens is higher than the percentage of owners with high cost burdens, in absolute numbers there are more owner households with high cost burdens. As would be expected, housing cost burdens were most severe for households with incomes less than $20,000 per year. Approximately 57 percent of the 2,663 owner households that earned less than $20,000 per year paid 30 percent or more of their income for housing costs. In the higher income categories, the proportion of households that experienced a housing cost burden declined. Of owner households that earned more than $100,000 per year, only two percent paid 30 percent or more for monthly housing costs. In the renter category, 77 percent of the 4,204 renter households that earned less than $20,000 per year paid 30 percent or more of their monthly incomes for housing costs. On the other hand, no renters earning more than $100,000 paid more than 30 percent of their incomes for housing. TABLE 4-9 UNINCORPORATED BUTTE COUNTY HOUSING COSTS AS A PERCENTAGE OF INCOME BY TENURE Renters Owners Total HouseholdsPercent of Income Paid for Housing Costs Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Less than 20 percent 2,478 25.6%8,857 50.9%11,335 41.9% 20 to 24 percent 1,200 12.4%2,147 12.3%3,347 12.4% 25 to 29 percent 948 9.8%1,724 9.9%2,672 9.9% 30 to 34 percent 751 7.7%1,207 6.9%1,958 7.2% 35 percent or more 3,440 35.5%3,292 18.9%6,732 24.9% Not computed 876 9.0%159 0.9%1,035 3.8% Total 9,693 100.0%17,386 100.0%27,079 100.0% Source: 2000 Census. State Housing Element Law calls for an analysis of the proportion of “lower-income” households overpaying for housing (Government Code, Section 65583(a)(2). Lower-income households are defined as those that earn 80 percent or less of the area median income. According to the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD), the median income in Butte County for a household of four was $43,900 in 2000, and the income limit for a four-person, lower-income household was $36,300. Income limits were higher or lower for larger or smaller households, respectively. (Note: The threshold household income figures used in this subsection are based on Chapter 4: Housing Butte County Housing Element May 25, 2004 Background Report 14 the 2000 income limits for lower-income households as established by the Department of Housing and Urban Development. The threshold income figures shown in Table 4-10 are for 2003. The 2000 figures were used for this affordability analysis because household income information is from the 2000 Census.) The income threshold for unincorporated Butte County's lower-income households falls within the $20,000 to $34,999 household income range reported by the U.S. Census, which makes it necessary to estimate the number of lower-income unincorporated Butte County households. It is estimated that unincorporated Butte County had a total of 4,630 lower-income owner households in 2000. Of those households, 2,997 were estimated to pay 30 percent or more of their incomes for housing. This represents 65 percent of the lower-income owners. It is estimated that 5,997 of unincorporated Butte County's renter households were in the lower-income category in 2000, and that of these, 3,815, or 64 percent, were paying 30 percent or more of their incomes for housing. When the two groups are combined, there are a total of 6,812 lower-income households that overpay for housing costs. The problem of owners overpaying for housing increased during the 1990s, while overpayment among renters has slightly improved. As of 1990, 18 percent of owners overpaid for housing costs, while the comparable figure for 2000 was 26 percent. Of the total renters, the percent overpaying dropped from 51 percent to 43 percent. High housing costs relative to incomes is likely the explanation for the rising housing cost burdens among owners, since home prices have escalated faster than household incomes. Housing Affordability The following section compares 2003 income levels and ability to pay for housing with actual housing costs. Housing is classified as “affordable,” if households do not pay more than 30 percent of income for payment of rent (including a monthly allowance for water, gas, and electricity) or monthly homeownership costs (including mortgage payments, taxes and insurance). Since above moderate-income households do not generally have problems in locating affordable units, affordable units are frequently defined as those reasonably priced for households that are low- to moderate-income. Table 4-10 below shows the definition of housing income limits as they are applied to housing units in unincorporated Butte County. Where income definitions used by the federal government, Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) and the state government, Housing and Community Development (HCD) differ, Table 4-10 provides both definitions. Chapter 4: Housing Butte County Housing Element May 25, 2004 Background Report 15 TABLE 4-10 2003 BUTTE COUNTY DEFINITIONS OF HOUSING INCOME LIMITS Very Low-Income Unit is one that is affordable to a household whose combined income is at or lower than 50% of the median income for Butte County (the Chico-Paradise MSA) as established by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD). For 2003 a Butte County household of four is considered to be very low-income if its combined income is $22,700 or less. Low-Income Unit is one that is affordable to a household whose combined income is at or between 50% to 80% of the median income for Butte County as established by HUD. A household of four is considered to be low-income in Butte County if its combined income is $36,300 or less for the year 2003. Median-Income Unit is one that is affordable to a household whose combined income is at or between 81% to 100% of the median income for Butte County as established by HUD. According to HUD, a Butte County household of four is in the median income category if its combined income is $43,900 or less for the year 2003. Note that the California Department of Housing and Community Development (HCD) defines the median income as $45,400, which is based on the statewide median income. Moderate-Income Unit is one that is affordable to a household whose combined income is at or between 101% to 120% of the median income for Butte County as established by HCD. In Butte County a household of four is considered to be moderate-income if its combined income is $54,500 or less for the year 2003. Above Moderate-Income Unit is one that is affordable to a household whose combined income is above 120% of the median income for Butte County as established by HCD. A Butte County household of four is considered to be above moderate- income if its combined income exceeds $54,500 for the year 2003. Affordable Units are units for which households do not pay more than 30% of income for payment of rent (including monthly allowance for utilities) or monthly mortgage and related expenses. Since above moderate-income households do not generally have problems in locating affordable units, affordable units are often defined as those that low- to moderate-income households can afford. Source: Vernazza Wolfe Associates, Inc. Table 4-11 shows the 2003 HUD and HCD family income limits for Butte County by the number of persons in the household for the income categories discussed above. Note that the table uses the HCD income limits for the median-income and moderate-income categories. The table also shows maximum affordable monthly rents and maximum affordable purchase prices for homes. For example, a four-person household is classified as low-income (80 percent of median) with annual income of up of up to $36,300. A household with this income could afford to pay a monthly gross rent (including utilities) of up to $908 or to purchase a house priced at $112,961 or below. Chapter 4: Housing Butte County Housing Element May 25, 2004 Background Report 16 TABLE 4-11 BUTTE COUNTY ABILITY TO PAY FOR HOUSING FOR VERY LOW-, LOW-, MEDIAN- AND MODERATE-INCOME HOUSEHOLDS Very Low-Income Households at 50% of 2003 Median Family Income Studio 1 Bedroom 2 Bedroom 3 Bedroom 4 Bedroom 5 Bedroom Number of Persons 1 2 3 4 5 6 Income Level $15,900 $18,150 $20,450 $22,700 $24,500 $26,350 Max. Monthly Gross Rent (1)$398 $454 $511 $568 $613 $659 Max. Purchase Price (2)$49,479 $56,480 $63,638 $70,639 $76,241 $81,998 Low-Income Households at 80% of 2003 Median Family Income Studio 1 Bedroom 2 Bedroom 3 Bedroom 4 Bedroom 5 Bedroom Number of Persons 1 2 3 4 5 6 Income Level $25,400 $29,050 $32,700 $36,300 $39,250 $42,150 Max. Monthly Gross Rent (1)$635 $726 $818 $908 $981 $1,054 Max. Purchase Price (2)$79,042 $90,400 $101,758 $112,961 $122,141 $131,165 Median-Income Households at 100% of 2003 Median Family Income Studio 1 Bedroom 2 Bedroom 3 Bedroom 4 Bedroom 5 Bedroom Number of Persons 1 2 3 4 5 6 Income Level $31,800 $36,300 $40,850 $45,400 $49,050 $53,650 Max. Monthly Gross Rent (1)$795 $908 $1,021 $1,135 $1,226 $1,341 Max. Purchase Price (2)$98,958 $112,961 $127,120 $141,279 $152,637 $166,952 Moderate-Income Households at 120% of 2003 Median Family Income Studio 1 Bedroom 2 Bedroom 3 Bedroom 4 Bedroom 5 Bedroom Number of Persons 1 2 3 4 5 6 Income Level $38,150 $43,600 $49,050 $54,500 $56,650 $63,200 Max. Monthly Gross Rent (1)$954 $1,090 $1,226 $1,363 $1,416 $1,580 Max. Purchase Price (2)$118,718 $135,678 $152,637 $169,597 $176,288 $196,670 Sources: HUD FY 2003 Income Limits (February 20, 2003), HCD 2003 Income Limits (March 21, 2003) and Vernazza Wolfe Associates, Inc. Notes: (1) Assumes that 30% of income is available for monthly rent, including utilities. (2) Assumes that 30% of income is available to cover mortgage payment, taxes, mortgage insurance, homeowners insurance; 95% loan @ 7%, 30 year term. Table 4-12 below shows HUD-defined fair market rent levels (FMR) for Butte County for 2003 as well as the payment standard that the Butte County Housing Authority used in its Housing Choice Voucher Program (110 percent of FMR). In general, the FMR for an area is the amount that would be needed to pay the gross rent (shelter rent plus utilities) of privately owned, decent, safe, and sanitary rental housing of a modest (non-luxury) nature with suitable amenities. FMRs are estimates of rent plus the cost of utilities, except telephone. FMRs are housing market-wide estimates of rents that provide opportunities to rent standard quality housing throughout the geographic area in which rental housing units are in competition. The rents are drawn from the distribution of rents of all units that are occupied by recent movers. Adjustments are made to exclude public housing units, newly built units, and substandard units. TABLE 4-12 BUTTE COUNTY FAIR MARKET RENT, 2003 Bedrooms in Unit 0 BR 1 BR 2 BR 3 BR 4 BR Fair Market Rent (2003)$372 $479 $637 $874 $1,045 Payment Standard (110% of FMR)$409 $527 $701 $961 $1,150 Sources: Department of Housing and Urban Development and Housing Authority of the County of Butte Chapter 4: Housing Butte County Housing Element May 25, 2004 Background Report 17 As noted above, a four-person household classified as Low-Income (80 percent of median) with an annual income of up to $36,300 could afford to pay $908 monthly gross rent (including utilities). The FMR for a three-bedroom unit is $874, while the payment standard amount is $961. It appears that a low-income household at the top of the income range could afford to rent a unit at the FMR level, assuming that such a unit is available for rent. Finding a unit at the higher payment standard amount, which reflects the housing market more closely than the FMR rent levels, would mean that the household would be paying somewhat more than 30 percent of its income for housing. However, a four-person household classified as Very Low-Income (50 percent of median) with an annual income of up to $22,700 could afford to pay only $568 monthly gross rent and thus could not afford the FMR rent of $874 for a three-bedroom unit or even the FMR-rent for a two- bedroom unit ($637). The same would hold true for households with incomes below 50 percent of median, who would have even less income to spend on rent. Table 4-13 is an abbreviated list of occupations and annual incomes for Butte County residents such as county employees, employees of the Durham Unified School District, retired individuals, and minimum wage earners. The table shows the amounts that households at these income levels could afford to pay for rent as well as the purchase prices that they could afford to pay to buy a home. Of particular interest are those households with limited incomes, such as minimum wage workers, individuals on Supplemental Security Income (SSI), or Social Security recipients. The FMR for a one-bedroom unit is $479 and for a studio unit, $372. An individual working at the minimum wage could afford to pay only $338 for housing expenses, and an SSI recipient, $269. None of these individuals could afford the rent for a one-bedroom unit or even for a studio unit. Chapter 4: Housing Butte County Housing Element May 25, 2004 Background Report 18 TABLE 4-13 AFFORDABLE RENTS AND HOUSING PRICES AND INCOMES FOR SELECTED FAMILIES AND OCCUPATIONS, BUTTE COUNTY, 2003 Category Annual Monthly Affordable House Income Affordable Rent (1)Price (2) General (Median Wage) Retail Salesperson $ 15,400 $ 385 $ 47,923 Computer Support Specialist 33,120 828 103,065 Retail Supervisor 25,820 646 80,349 Registered Nurse 47,360 1,184 147,378 Butte County Account Clerk, Step 5 $ 23,856 $ 596 $ 74,237 Supervisor-Clerical Support Services 29,556 739 91,974 Librarian I 28,224 706 87,829 Deputy Sheriff 34,140 854 106,239 Telecommunication Technician 37,152 929 115,612 Durham Unified School District Teacher, Step 1 $ 34,500 $ 863 $ 107,360 Teacher, Step 5, plus 60 units 40,000 1,000 124,475 Teacher, Step 10, plus 60 units 46,500 1,163 144,702 Two Wage Earners Retail Salesperson and Teacher, Step 5 $ 55,400 $ 1,385 $ 172,398 Account Clerk, Step 5 and Librarian I 52,080 1,302 162,066 Deputy Sheriff and Retail Supervisor 59,960 1,499 186,588 Minimum Wage Earners ($6.75 per hour) Single Wage Earner $ 13,500 $ 338 $ 42,010 Two Wage Earners 27,000 675 84,021 Retired - Average Social Security One person household with SS only $ 10,740 $ 269 $ 33,422 Two person household - both retired - SS only 17,796 445 55,379 SSI (Aged or Disabled) One person household with SSI only $ 9,084 $ 227 $ 28,268 Couple with SSI only 16,128 403 50,188 HUD/HCD-Defined Income Groups (4-person HH) Extremely Low Income (below 30%)$ 13,600 $ 340 $ 42,321 Very Low-Income (below 50%)22,700 568 70,639 Low-Income (below 80%)36,300 908 112,961 Moderate Income (below 120%)54,500 1,363 169,597 Sources: Employment Development Department, County of Butte, Durham Unified School District and Vernazza Wolfe Associates, Inc. Table 4-14 shows the average and median sale prices for all homes sold in Butte County as compiled by DataQuick Information Systems. The table also shows sales for selected areas of the county from Multiple Listings Service (MLS) data compiled by the Chico Association of Realtors and the Paradise Association of Realtors. (The Oroville Association of Realtors does not compile summary statistics.) As indicated in the table, the median sales price for Butte County was $159,000 in 2002 and ranged from $150,000 in Magalia to $195,000 in Chico. Chapter 4: Housing Butte County Housing Element May 25, 2004 Background Report 19 TABLE 4-14 AVERAGE AND MEDIAN SALE PRICES FOR HOMES IN BUTTE COUNTY AND SELECTED AREAS, 2002 Area No. of Sales Average Median Butte County 3,791 $173,647 $159,000 Multiple Listings Service Chico 1,034 $220,865 $195,000 Outside Chico (Includes Durham, Forest Ranch, Cohasset, Butte College and Butte Creek Canyon) 97 $239,587 $186,000 Magalia 222 $160,354 $150,000 Paradise 450 $176,197 $157,000 Sources: DataQuick Information Systems, Chico Association of Realtors, and Paradise Association of Realtors. These home prices are not affordable to most the workers listed on Table 4-13. For example, the median sales prices are significantly above the amounts that a retail supervisor ($80,300), a deputy sheriff ($106,200), or a teacher, Step5, ($124,500) could afford to pay. Even in the case of families that have two wage earners the prices are barely affordable as demonstrated in the table. For example, a deputy sheriff and a retail supervisor with a combined income of $59,960 could afford to pay up to $186,600 for a house, which is more than the median price in Magalia and Paradise, but below the Chico median. Housing Conditions The U.S. Census provides only limited data that can be used to infer the condition of unincorporated Butte County's housing stock. For example, the Census reports on whether housing units have complete plumbing and kitchen facilities. Since less than one percent of all housing units in unincorporated Butte County lack complete plumbing or kitchen facilities, these indicators do not reveal much about housing conditions. One census variable that is helpful is the age of a community's housing stock, since age and condition are generally correlated. According to the data shown in Table 4-15, approximately 23 percent of unincorporated Butte County's housing stock is estimated to be more than 40 years old. Because of these older housing units, it is likely that there is substandard housing in unincorporated Butte County. TABLE 4-15 UNINCORPORATED BUTTE COUNTY AND CALIFORNIA-AGE OF HOUSING STOCK, 2000 Age of Housing Unincorporated Butte County California Number Percentage Number Percentage Total 40,783 100.0%12,214,549 100.0% Built 1990-2000 5,790 14.2%1,577,726 12.9% Built 1980 to 1989 7,925 19.4%2,098,028 17.2% Built 1970 to 1979 11,784 28.9%2,504,157 20.5% Built 1960 to 1969 5,759 14.1%2,047,205 16.8% Built 1950 to 1959 4,447 10.9%1,895,166 15.5% Built 1940 to 1949 2,421 5.9%939,717 7.7% Built 1939 or earlier 2,657 6.5%1,152,550 9.4% Source: 2000 Census. Chapter 4: Housing Butte County Housing Element May 25, 2004 Background Report 20 In Fall 1993, the County’s housing rehabilitation consultant conducted an exterior housing conditions survey of the unincorporated communities. The housing conditions survey included twelve unincorporated Butte County communities with substandard housing. These communities included Chapmantown, El Medio, Thermalito, Palermo, Pulga, Nord, Dayton, Durham, Stirling City, Forbestown, Honcut, and Feather Falls. The survey results showed that El Medio and Thermalito had the greatest number of units that needed moderate or substantial repair. Also, there were a sizable number of mobile homes in Palermo that classified as needing moderate repairs or were classified as dilapidated. Growth in Manufactured Housing Manufactured housing has increased in popularity in Butte County since the last Housing Element in 1994. Manufactured housing, installed on permanent foundations or on pier systems, now account for almost half of all new housing in unincorporated Butte County. There are a number of reasons for this trend. • Manufactured housing is now located on individual property sites. • Manufactured housing produced for this market has been upgraded. These units are bigger than in the past (1,200 to 1,400 square feet), provide more amenities, and have interior and exterior finishes that are the same as site-constructed housing. • Demand for manufactured housing has expanded beyond low-income households and now include regular homebuyers, some of whom are baby boomers who have sold homes in urban areas and moved to Butte County for retirement. • It is easier to obtain permanent financing. Lenders now provide long-term financing for the purchase and installation of manufactured housing. Since manufactured housing units are larger and of better quality, they are no longer as affordable as they once were. Although there is still a cost difference between new on-site construction and manufactured housing, the gap has lessened. Housing Needs Regional Fair Share Allocation Evaluation The Butte County Association of Governments (BCAG) issued its Final Regional Housing Needs Plan (RHNP) on January 17, 2003. Required by state law, the RHNP is part of a statewide statutory mandate to address housing issues that are related to future growth. The RHNP allocates to cities and counties each jurisdiction’s “fair share” of the region’s projected housing needs by household income group over the upcoming housing element planning period. The core of the RHNP is a series of tables which indicate for each jurisdiction the distribution of housing needs for each of four household income groups. The tables also indicate the projected new housing unit targets by income group for the ending date of the plan. These measures of units count the basic new construction that needs to be addressed by individual city and county housing elements. The allocations are intended to be used by jurisdictions when updating their Chapter 4: Housing Butte County Housing Element May 25, 2004 Background Report 21 housing elements as the basis for assuring that adequate sites and zoning are available to accommodate at least the number of units allocated. As shown in Table 4-16, BCAG, in its final Regional Housing Needs Plan (RHNP), allocated 5,585 housing units to unincorporated Butte County housing for the period 2001 to 2008. The time frame for this Regional Housing Needs process is January 1, 2001, through June 30, 2008, (a 7½-year planning period). The allocation is equivalent to a yearly need of approximately 745 housing units for the 7½-year time period. The RHNP allocation for Butte County applies to all unincorporated areas outside of the incorporated areas of the county, while the RHNP for the cities applies to incorporated limits only. Butte County can use unincorporated areas of the Spheres of Influence (SOIs) of the cities to meet its housing allocation. The total RHNP allocation for Butte County includes 3,016 units at moderate-income and below, including 1,117 very low-income units, 894 low-income units, and 1,005 moderate-income units. TABLE 4-16 UNINCORPORATED BUTTE COUNTY REGIONAL HOUSING NEEDS DETERMINATION BY INCOME 2001-2008 Very Low Low Moderate Above Moderate Total RHNP Allocation 1,117 894 1,005 2,569 5,585 Percent of Total 20.0%16.0%18.0%46.0%100.0% Source: BCAG, Butte County Regional Housing Needs Plan. One of the Housing Element requirements is to report on actual production activity by income category. Only part of this information is available for Butte County. While the County does maintain a database tracking housing permits for both detached single family and manufactured housing, this database does not indicate whether permitting housing units have actually been constructed. Thus, the numbers shown in Table 4-17 are actually permitted units, without proof of construction. However, according to the head of the Butte County Department of Development Services Building Division, the number of cancelled permits for new single family homes is extremely small. A second component of this Housing Element requirement is to define the affordability of newly constructed units. Since Butte County has not itself built or issued permits for any affordable housing units, it is necessary to make some assumptions regarding affordability of the market- rate units listed in Table 4-17. In unincorporated Butte County, manufactured housing units comprise a very important segment of the new housing stock. During the time period, 1992- 2000, about half of all permitted units were manufactured housing units. In the time period from 2000 to2003, almost 55 percent of permitted units were manufactured housing units. Manufactured housing is less costly than site-built housing. According to 2003 cost estimates, a three-bedroom, two-bath manufactured housing unit, placed on a foundation and connected to utilities and services, costs approximately $117,000, although costs will range depending on location, amount of land, and whether the manufactured unit is on a septic system or connected to a sewer system. This sales price is affordable to four-person, moderate-income households that can afford to spend between $113,000 to $170,000 for a three-bedroom home. Thus, Table Chapter 4: Housing Butte County Housing Element May 25, 2004 Background Report 22 4-17 classifies all new manufactured housing units as affordable to moderate-income households. Development costs for a conventional 2,000 square foot single family home are higher and range between $170,000 and $240,000. Consequently, this Housing Element assumes that new conventional housing developed in Butte County is affordable to the above moderate-income group. Table 4-17 shows the housing units built in unincorporated Butte County for two time periods, 1991 to 1997, the original previous housing element time period, and 1998 to 2000, the extended time period. According to the information shown in this table, by 1998, unincorporated Butte County met 89 percent of its total housing goals for the time period 1992-1997. Although the County more than exceeded goals established for the moderate- and above moderate-income group, it did not meet the goals established for the very low-income and low-income groups. Table 4-17 also shows that about 25 percent of the housing goals established for the 2001-2008 period have already been met. However, this is due to new construction for the moderate- and above-moderate income groups, and not due to new housing unit development for the lower- income target groups. Finally, none of the units listed on Table 4-17 were multifamily units. In addition to the units listed on Table 4-17, permit applications for 214 units have been filed as of April 2003. These include 163 applications for single family homes, and 78 applications for manufactured housing units. TABLE 4-17 COMPARISON OF HOUSING UNIT PRODUCTION WITH BCAG’S PROJECTED HOUSING NEEDS FOR UNINCORPORATED BUTTE COUNTY (2001-2008)1 Year Total Very Low Low Moderate Above Moderate Total (1992-1997) 2 3,036 0 0 1,414 1,622 Total (1998-2000)1,528 0 0 836 692 Total (1992-2000)4,564 0 0 2,250 2,314 BCAG's Housing Needs Allocation (1991-1997)5,131 1,702 970 970 1,489 Percent Goals Achieved 89%0%0%43%64% Building Permits: 2001 552 0 0 320 232 Building Permits: 2002 631 0 0 340 291 Building Permits: 2003 (through 4/30/03)215 0 0 108 107 Total RHNP Allocation (2001-2008)5,585 1,117 894 1,005 2,569 Net Allocation to be Met: January 2001-June 2008 (as of May 2003)4,187 1,117 894 237 1,939 1) Butte County’s records track building permits only. Thus, the numbers shown in this table are based on building permits issued. According to the County’s Building Department, it is fair to assume that all units permits issued will be built within one year of issue date. Furthermore, there are very few cancelled permits for new single family dwellings. 2) Although the previous housing element’s housing needs were to be assessed from 1991 to 1997, the Building Department’s electronic database begins in 1992. Source: Butte County. Chapter 4: Housing Butte County Housing Element May 25, 2004 Background Report 23 Special Housing Needs Within the general population there are several groups of people who have special housing needs. These needs can make it difficult for members of these groups to secure suitable housing. The following subsections discuss the special housing needs of six groups identified in State housing element law (Government Code, Section 65583(a)(6)). Specifically, these include homeless persons, persons with disabilities, senior households, large households, female-headed households, and farmworkers. Where possible, estimates of the population or number of households in unincorporated Butte County falling into each group are shown. When such information is unavailable for the unincorporated area, estimates for the entire county are shown. For example, information provided by the Housing Authority of Butte County covers the entire county and not solely the unincorporated area. Homeless Persons Homelessness is usually the end result of multiple factors that converge in a person's life. The combination of loss of employment and the inability to find a job because of the need for retraining leads to the loss of housing for some individuals and families. For others, the loss of housing is due to chronic health problems, physical disabilities, mental health disabilities, or drug and alcohol addictions, along with an inability to access the services and long-term support needed to address these conditions. It is very difficult to quantify the homeless population in a given area, particularly in a place such as unincorporated Butte County where the services for homeless persons, such as homeless shelters, drop-in service centers, and transitional housing, are located in Chico and Oroville, rather than the unincorporated area of the county. There is no estimate of the size of the homeless population in Butte County’s 2002 Continuum of Care Plan. Compared to other areas of California, Butte County has a relatively small population of homeless persons. There is a Homeless Task Force whose members are agencies that serve a countywide service area. The lead agencies in the planning process are the Butte County Department of Behavioral Health, the Housing Authority of the County of Butte, the Community Action Agency, the Butte County Department of Social Services and the Chico Community Shelter Partnership. The Homeless Task Force convenes Continuum of Care planning and informational meetings on a monthly basis and allocates approximately $120,000 annually under the Emergency Housing Assistance Program (EHAP) to local agencies serving the homeless. Homeless programs and services in Butte County include the following: • In March 2003, the Community Shelter Partnership (CSP) opened its Torres Community Shelter in Chico. The new facility has a large men’s dormitory (100 beds) and a smaller room for women (25 beds). The shelter was built with a $500,000 state grant and donated funds. The City of Chico owns the land. For more than four years, CSP had been providing a rotating emergency shelter in the winter at area churches because it did not have a permanent facility. Chapter 4: Housing Butte County Housing Element May 25, 2004 Background Report 24 • Oroville Rescue Mission operates a year-round men’s shelter (24 beds) and a women’s and children’s shelter (16 beds). The Rescue Mission also provides three meals per day to residents at the shelter. • In 2000, the Butte County Department of Behavioral Health was awarded a five-year grant under AB 2034, the Chronic Homeless Initiative. The grant provides $750,000 per year for case management, direct rental assistance, and other services for homeless residents with severe mental illness and alcohol or drug addiction (the dually diagnosed). The caseload is approximately 50 participants at any one time. Program staff find landlords willing to rent units to program participants. • The Butte Community Action Agency operates a transitional housing program for twelve families, Esplanade House in Chico. The agency acquired a site for a new 60-unit family rental housing development that will include both transitional (26 units) and permanent housing units. • Catholic Ladies Relief Society operates a motel voucher program for the homeless people who do not meet the entrance requirements for other shelter programs. Additional information on services for the homeless is provided in Butte County’s 2002 Continuum of Care Plan. People with Disabilities The 2000 Census provides some information on disabilities for persons five years and older. Table 4-18 shows 2000 census information on whether a person has a disability. In the general population ages five and older, there are 21,661 persons with one or more disabilities, for a disability rate of 23 percent. The lowest rate of disability is among persons between the ages of 5 and 15. Persons over the age of 75 experience the highest rate of disability (52 percent). TABLE 4-18 DISABLED POPULATION FIVE YEARS AND OLDER UNINCORPORATED BUTTE COUNTY, 2000 Age Disability No Disability Total Persons Percent with Disability Between 5-15 1,089 15,096 16,185 6.7% 16-20 880 6,747 7,627 11.5% 21-64 13,100 40,187 53,287 24.6% 65-74 2,804 5,776 8,580 32.7% Over 75 3,788 3,451 7,239 52.3% Total Population 5 Years and Older 21,661 71,257 92,918 23.3% Sources: 2000 Census. Table 4-19 provides information on the exact nature of these disabilities. The number of disabilities shown in Table 4-2 (40,009) exceeds the number of individuals with disabilities (21,661) because a person can have more than one disability. Among school age children, the Chapter 4: Housing Butte County Housing Element May 25, 2004 Background Report 25 most frequent disability is mental. For persons aged 16 to 64 years, the two most frequent disabilities are employment-related and physical. Finally, for seniors, physical and sensory disabilities are the most frequent. TABLE 4-19 TYPES OF DISABILITIES PERSONS FIVE YEARS AND OLDER UNINCORPORATED BUTTE COUNTY, 2000 Age Group Type of Disability 5-15 years 16-64 years 65 years and over Total Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Sensory 205 12.1%2,001 7.7%2537 20.7%4,743 11.9% Physical 305 18.0%6,529 25.1%4539 37.1%11,373 28.4% Mental 921 54.3%4,143 15.9%1621 13.3%6,685 16.7% Self-Care 264 15.6%1,746 6.7%1200 9.8%3,210 8.0% Go-Outside-Home 4,029 15.4%2338 19.1%6,367 15.9% Employment 7,631 29.3% 7,631 19.1% Total Disabilities 1,695 100.0%26,079 100.0%12,235 100.0%40,009 100.0% Source: 2000 Census. According to statistics from the Social Security Administration, as of December 2001, there were 6,531 persons 18 to 65 years of age in Butte County receiving Supplemental Security Income (SSI) because they were blind or disabled. This figure includes both the incorporated areas of the county and the unincorporated area. SSI is a needs-based program that pays monthly benefits to persons who are 65 or older, blind, or have a disability. With the maximum monthly benefit of $757 as of January 2003, SSI recipients are likely to have difficulty finding housing that fits within their budgets since they can afford to pay only $227 for rent. Independent Living Services of Northern California, with an office located in Chico, is one of the organizations that assist persons with disabilities in finding the services that they need. The organization maintains a list of available housing and provides information concerning rent subsidy programs, architectural barrier removal, and adaptive aids. According to an agency staff member, one of the biggest needs is assistance in making adaptations and accessibility improvements to rental housing units for clients with disabilities. The City of Chico has a Rental Housing Accessibility Program (RHAP) that pays for the work required to make a unit accessible, for example by constructing a ramp so than a tenant can enter the unit. Without this assistance, some clients cannot move back into their units after a stay at a hospital or nursing home. Because the RHAP program does not serve clients who live outside of Chico, there is a need for such a program in the unincorporated area. As discussed above, the Butte County Department of Behavioral Health administers a special program funded under the Chronic Homeless Initiative for people who have been diagnosed with a severe mental illness and alcohol or drug addiction. The program includes housing assistance and case management. The Department of Behavioral Health also operates the following supportive service programs: • Counseling support for the acutely mentally ill; • Counseling services for persons with addictions to drugs and/or alcohol; Chapter 4: Housing Butte County Housing Element May 25, 2004 Background Report 26 • Mentally ill homeless program; • Mentally ill offender program, and • Supportive housing for chronically mentally ill, and outreach and counseling to runaway, homeless, and “pushed out” youth. According to the Housing Authority, there were 176 households with a disabled family member on its public housing unit waiting list as of April 2003. For the Housing Choice Voucher waiting list the number of households with a disabled family member was 636, or approximately 38 percent of the total waiting list. Based on input from community groups, it is important that there are security systems for both existing multifamily housing and new construction so that mentally ill persons and other special needs persons do not feel vulnerable. There is also a need for supportive services to help special needs populations, such as seniors and persons with disabilities, to remain in their own homes when possible. Senior Households Senior households are defined as households headed by an individual over the age of 65 years. Table 4-20 shows 2000 Census information on seniors. As of 2000, senior households represented 28 percent of all households in unincorporated Butte County, while seniors are 16 percent of the population. Most senior households own their homes (91 percent). Only nine percent are renters. TABLE 4-20 NUMBER OF SENIORS IN UNINCORPORATED BUTTE COUNTY (2000) Senior Population Number of Persons 65 years and Over 15,824 Seniors as a Percentage of the Total Population 16.3% Number of Males 7,162 Percent of Senior Population That is Male 45.6% Number of Females 8,546 Percentage Female 54.4% Households Headed by a Senior Number of Households Headed by Individuals 65 Years and Over 10,743 Seniors as a Percentage of All Households 28.4% Number of Renter Households Headed by a Senior 966 Percentage of Senior Households 9.0% Number of Owner Households Headed by a Senior 9,777 Percentage of Senior Households 91.0% Source: 2000 Census. Table 4-21 shows the number and percentage of renter and homeowner households paying more than 30 percent of their incomes for housing costs. As shown, almost one half of senior renter households (47 percent or 439 households) have a cost burden greater than 30 percent. A slightly lower percentage of non-senior renter households are in the same category (43 percent). Senior homeowners have much lower cost burdens than do senior renters. Only 23 percent had cost Chapter 4: Housing Butte County Housing Element May 25, 2004 Background Report 27 burdens greater than 30 percent. However, because of the high percentage of seniors who are homeowners, the number of senior owners with high cost burdens (1,216) is almost three times the number of renters with high costs burdens. TABLE 4-21 UNINCORPORATED BUTTE COUNTY, COMPARISON OF COST BURDENS BY AGE AND TENURE (2000) Age Category Total Renters Cost Burden Greater Than 30% Total Homeowners Cost Burden Greater Than 30% Number Number Percentage Number Number Percentage 15-64 Years 8,751 3,752 42.9%12,077 3,283 27.2% 65 Years and Over 942 439 46.6%5,309 1,216 22.9% Total 9,693 4,191 43.2%17,386 4,499 25.9% Source: 2000 Census. According to statistics from the Social Security Administration, as of December 2001, there were 2,079 Supplemental Security Income (SSI) recipients 65 years and over in Butte County, including the incorporated areas. Seniors who have never worked or have insufficient work credits to qualify for Social Security disability often receive SSI benefits. In fact, SSI is the only source of income for many of these low-income senior SSI recipients. The Community Action Agency of Butte County operates several programs that assist seniors, including its senior nutrition program. The program serves congregate meals at sites in Chico, Oroville, Paradise and Gridley. The Community Action Agency also provides meals to seniors who are home-bound for medical reasons. As of 2003, 175 seniors throughout the county are participating in this program. The Meals on Wheels organizations in Chico and Paradise provide a similar service for seniors in those two areas. Seniors are also eligible for the Agency’s Home Weatherization and the Energy Assistance programs. A Community Action Agency staff member working with seniors in the nutrition program pointed out the following two areas of concern regarding seniors and housing: • There are many seniors who have lived in the county for years and own their own homes. They have difficulty paying their utility bills and the required maintenance and upkeep of their homes. They have little left to spend on other needs. • The situation is worse for seniors who are homebound because of their medical conditions. It is even more difficult for them to pay utilities and upkeep as well as pay for needed supportive services. According to the Housing Authority, there are 24 senior households on the County waiting list for its public housing units and 166 seniors on the waiting list for Housing Choice Vouchers. While there are no assisted housing developments for seniors located in the unincorporated area, there are several projects in Oroville and Chico. Chapter 4: Housing Butte County Housing Element May 25, 2004 Background Report 28 Large Households Large households require housing units with more bedrooms than smaller households need. In general, housing for these households should provide safe outdoor play areas for children and should be located to provide convenient access to schools and child-care facilities. These types of needs can pose problems particularly for large families that cannot afford to buy or rent single family houses, as apartment units are most often developed with childless, smaller households in mind. The U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) defines a large household or family as one with five or more members. According to the 2000 Census, 3,904 households, or approximately 11 percent of the total households in unincorporated Butte County, had five or more members. This proportion is higher for renters (14 percent) than for owners (9 percent). In unincorporated Butte County in 2000, owner-occupied units averaged 2.7 bedrooms per unit, whereas renter-occupied units averaged 2.0 bedrooms per unit. Thus, for the large families that are unable to rent single family houses, it is likely that these large renter households are overcrowded in smaller units. When planning for new multifamily housing developments, therefore, the provision of three- and four-bedroom units is an important consideration due to the likely demand for affordable, larger multifamily rental units. Female-Headed Households According to the U.S. Census Bureau, a single headed household contains a household head and at least one dependent, which could include a child, an elderly parent, or a non-related child. The 2000 Census indicates that there are 4,597 households headed by a female, representing 12 percent of all households in unincorporated Butte County. Almost one-half (46 percent, or 2,107) of these female-headed households have children living with them who are under 18 years of age. Due to lower incomes, female-headed households often have more difficulties finding adequate, affordable housing than do families with two adults. Also, female-headed households with small children may need to pay for childcare, which further reduces disposable income. This special needs group will benefit generally from expanded affordable housing opportunities. More specifically, the need for dependent care also makes it important that housing for female-headed families be located near childcare facilities, schools, youth services, medical facilities, and senior services. Farmworkers Farmworkers accounted for about four percent of all employed persons living in Butte County in 2000, or 3,003 persons. Most of these workers live in the unincorporated area of the county. The 2000 Census reported a total of 1,979 residents of the unincorporated area who were employed in farming, forestry, and fishing occupations.2 This represents four percent of the employed population of the unincorporated area. These figures do not include seasonal workers. However, 2 The number of employees working only in farming is not available for the unincorporated area. Chapter 4: Housing Butte County Housing Element May 25, 2004 Background Report 29 most farmworkers in Butte County are not seasonal workers. Because of both the climate and the types of crops grown, Butte County has a shorter picking and harvest season, so migrant farmworker housing needs are for a shorter time period than elsewhere in California. The 1997 Census of Agriculture reported a total of 8,029 hired farm workers on 842 farms in Butte County in 1997. Of these workers, 2,160 are reported as working 150 days or more during the year, while 5,869 were reported as working less than 150 days (greater than or less than 150 days is the employment time period reported in the Census of Agriculture). Agricultural employment remained stable from the 1980s through 2000 in Butte County. However, there was a dramatic decrease in farm jobs from 2000 to 2002. Total farm employment in Butte County declined from 3,000 in 2000 to 2,700 in 2001 and 2,500 in 2002 (Annual Average, March 2002 Benchmark, California Employment Development Department, Labor Market Information Division). Farmworkers have special housing problems due to seasonal income fluctuations, very low incomes, and substandard housing conditions. The Housing Authority of Butte County operates a Farm Labor Center (136 units) just outside of Gridley in the unincorporated area. Rural Development funded the development of most of these units (130), and the Housing Authority developed the remaining six units under demonstration programs. To be eligible for this housing, households must earn at least $3,835 of their incomes from farm labor. Turnover at the project averages about one unit per month. The Housing Authority recently updated its waiting list, and as of mid April 2003, has ten active applicants. The Housing Authority indicates that no new funding has been applied for to expand the supply of housing for farmworkers. Furthermore, the Housing Authority does not currently supply housing to migrant workers. Many of these types of workers receive housing on private farms, separately from governmental programs, and it is difficult to assess supply and demand. According to service providers working with permanent farmworkers, housing is a problem for these families. There is a need for housing that is safe and affordable. Most of the families are large, with annual incomes of $10,000 to $13,000. The affordable family housing developments in Butte County are all located in the cities, not in the rural areas. Thus, there are limited affordable housing options for farmworkers in the unincorporated area. Chapter 4: Housing Butte County Housing Element May 25, 2004 Background Report 30 4.3 RESOURCE INVENTORY Availability of Land and Services Survey of Available Land This section provides an analysis of the land available within unincorporated Butte County for residential development and compares this to the county’s assigned need for new housing. In addition to this assessment, this section considers the availability of sites to accommodate a variety of housing types suitable for households with a range of income levels and housing needs. Description Of Criteria For Identifying Housing Sites An assessment was conducted of the vacant land in unincorporated Butte County. The data was compiled using an ArcView shapefile for parcels provided by Butte County GIS Services. The parcel database includes a County Assessor’s land use code for each parcel, current as of early 2003. All parcels with the following land use codes in the database were considered vacant: “RV” (residential vacant), “CV” (commercial vacant), and “IV” (industrial vacant). Because these three County Assessor vacant classifications were not necessarily accurate in terms of the current general plan designation/ zoning on the sites, the vacant parcel information was compiled together for the three codes. Total vacant acreages by land use designation and zoning were calculated in the GIS. All identified vacant parcels designated for residential use (all residential land use designations in the General Plan) that also have residential zoning currently applied to them are considered available for residential development. In addition, land with Low Density Residential (LDR), Medium Density Residential (MDR), and High Density Residential (HDR) designations and non-residential zoning as well as land with R-1, R-2, R-3, and R-4 zoning and non-residential designations was also evaluated for residential development potential. It should be noted that the inventory of vacant land includes potential development sites that were in the discussion or approval stages at the time of the inventory. Additionally, it should be noted that the capacity for second units on existing or new single-family lots was not calculated. Inventory of Vacant And Underdeveloped Sites Housing Element 1aw requires an inventory of land suitable for residential development (Government Code, Section 65583(a)(3)). An important purpose of this inventory is to determine whether a jurisdiction has allocated sufficient land for the development of housing to meet the jurisdiction’s share of the regional housing need, including housing to accommodate the needs of all household income levels. Table 4-22 below shows all of the land classified as vacant by the County Assessor by land use designation and zoning district in unincorporated Butte County. The acreage for each combination of land use designation and zoning district is shown with the land use designations Chapter 4: Housing Butte County Housing Element May 25, 2004 Background Report 31 shown in the columns and zoning districts shown in the rows. Acreages were calculated based on the General Plan land use designation and zoning district boundaries in the GIS files. In cases where parcels have multiple land use designations and/or zoning, the acreages are based on the actual acreage in each category. The table cells that are shaded in gray show vacant acreage with both residential General Plan designations and zoning. As shown in the table, there is a total of 58,793 acres of vacant land in unincorporated Butte County with residential General Plan designations, including 5,618.1 acres designated Foothill Area Residential (FAR), 48,583.2 acres Agricultural Residential (AR), 4,090.6 acres Low Density Residential (LDR), 464.3 acres Medium Density Residential (MDR), and 36.7 acres High Density Residential (HDR). Of the vacant unincorporated land designated LDR, MDR, and HDR, the majority is within the spheres of influence (SOIs) of the cities in Butte County: 3,393.4 of the 4,090.6 total vacant LDR acres, 387.9 of the 464.3 total vacant MDR acres, and all 36.7 vacant acres of HDR land. Of the total 697.2 acres LDR-designated vacant land outside of the SOIs, 294 acres is zoned A-5, 178 acres is zoned R-1, and 50 acres is zoned TM-5, with the remainder in other zoning districts. Of the total MDR-designated that is not within SOIs, 74.5 of the total 76.4 acres is zoned A-5. Ch a p t e r 4 : H o u s i n g Bu t t e C o u n t y H o u s i n g E l e m e n t May 25, 2004 Ba c k g r o u n d R e p o r t 32 T AB L E 4- 2 2 U NI N C O R P O R A T E D B UT T E C OU N T Y V AC A N T L AN D I N V E N T O R Y Ge n e r a l P l a n D e s i g n a t i o n Zo n i n g ( 1 ) Ti m b e r Mo u n t a i n Gr a z i n g & O p e n La n d Or c h a r d & Fi e l d Cr o p s Fo o t h i l l Ar e a Re s i d e n t i a l Ag r i c u l t u r a l Re s i d e n t i a l Lo w D e n s i t y Re s i d e n t i a l Me d i u m De n s i t y Re s i d e n t i a l Hi g h D e n s i t y Re s i d e n t i a l Re s e a r c h & Bu s i n e s s Pa r k Co m m e r c i a l Industrial Public Total De s c r i p t i o n Co d e TM GO L OF C FA R AR LD R MD R HD R BP C I P Ag r i c u l t u r a l , 5 - a c r e p a r c e l s A- 5 0. 1 50 9 . 5 75 1 . 1 0. 0 7, 1 9 3 . 1 36 5 . 9 74 . 5 0. 0 0. 0 8. 1 0.0 0.0 8,902.3 Ag r i c u l t u r a l , 1 0 - a c r e p a r c e l s A- 1 0 0. 0 47 . 9 35 1 . 7 0. 0 60 8 . 6 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0.0 0.0 1,008.2 Ag r i c u l t u r a l , 1 5 - a c r e p a r c e l s A- 1 5 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Ag r i c u l t u r a l , 2 0 - a c r e p a r c e l s A- 2 0 0. 0 0. 0 18 6 . 9 0. 0 95 9 . 7 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 5.0 0.0 1,151.6 Ag r i c u l t u r a l , 4 0 - a c r e p a r c e l s A- 4 0 0. 0 46 . 1 2, 7 8 6 . 4 0. 0 12 3 . 0 0. 4 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0.0 0.5 2,956.4 Ag r i c u l t u r a l , 1 6 0 - a c r e pa r c e l s A- 1 6 0 0. 0 11 4 . 7 80 . 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0.0 0.0 194.7 Ag r i c u l t u r a l - R e s i d e n t i a l A- R 0. 0 0. 0 9. 2 0. 0 63 . 7 1, 8 2 6 . 5 96 . 2 0. 0 0. 0 0. 4 0.0 0.5 1,996.5 Ag r i c u l t u r a l - R e s i d e n t i a l , 1 / 2 - ac r e p a r c e l s AR - 1/ 2 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 22 . 8 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0.0 0.0 22.8 Ag r i c u l t u r a l - R e s i d e n t i a l , 1 - ac r e p a r c e l s AR - 1 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 52 8 . 0 39 7 . 0 0. 6 0. 0 0. 0 2. 9 0.1 1.0 929.6 Ag r i c u l t u r a l - R e s i d e n t i a l , 2 - 1/ 2 - a c r e p a r c e l s AR - 2 - 1/ 2 0. 0 22 8 . 3 2. 0 0. 0 1, 4 2 8 . 1 71 . 7 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 45 . 0 0.3 0.0 1,775.5 Ag r i c u l t u r a l - R e s i d e n t i a l , 5 - ac r e p a r c e l s AR - 5 0. 0 0. 7 0. 1 0. 0 2, 4 3 3 . 6 39 . 8 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0.0 1.7 2,476.0 Ag r i c u l t u r a l - R e s i d e n t i a l , 1 0 - ac r e p a r c e l s AR - 10 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 56 0 . 9 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0.0 0.1 561.0 Ag r i c u l t u r a l - S u b u r b a n Re s i d e n t i a l A- S R 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 9. 3 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0.0 0.0 9.3 Ai r p o r t A- Z 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Li g h t C o m m e r c i a l C- 1 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 1 5. 6 0. 6 0. 0 0. 0 81 . 3 0.0 0.0 87.6 Ge n e r a l C o m m e r c i a l C- 2 0. 0 6. 2 0. 0 0. 0 0. 1 17 . 1 2. 1 0. 0 0. 0 13 6 . 1 0.0 0.1 161.8 Co m m u n i t y C o m m e r c i a l C- C 1. 1 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 1 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 39 . 9 0.0 0.1 41.1 Co m m e r c i a l F o r e s t r y C- F 33 3 . 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 53 . 3 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0.0 0.0 386.3 Fo o t h i l l R e c r e a t i o n a l , 1 - a c r e pa r c e l s FR - 1 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Fo o t h i l l R e c r e a t i o n a l , 2 - a c r e pa r c e l s FR - 2 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 60 5 . 6 18 5 . 9 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0.0 0.0 791.4 Fo o t h i l l R e c r e a t i o n a l , 3 - a c r e pa r c e l s FR - 3 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 13 . 5 9. 7 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0.0 0.0 23.2 Fo o t h i l l R e c r e a t i o n a l , 5 - a c r e pa r c e l s FR - 5 0. 9 32 8 . 5 0. 0 1, 1 2 7 . 7 2, 1 1 4 . 7 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 2. 2 4.3 0.0 3,578.3 Fo o t h i l l R e c r e a t i o n a l , 1 0 - ac r e p a r c e l s FR - 1 0 6. 1 56 . 4 0. 0 1, 9 2 8 . 1 1, 9 3 1 . 9 0. 5 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 2. 7 0.0 0.1 3,925.8 Fo o t h i l l R e c r e a t i o n a l , 2 0 - FR - 2 0 99 . 0 67 7 . 5 0. 0 1, 8 5 1 . 7 1, 8 8 3 . 7 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0.0 0.0 4,511.9 Ch a p t e r 4 : H o u s i n g Bu t t e C o u n t y H o u s i n g E l e m e n t May 25, 2004 Ba c k g r o u n d R e p o r t 33 Ge n e r a l P l a n D e s i g n a t i o n Zo n i n g ( 1 ) Ti m b e r Mo u n t a i n Gr a z i n g & O p e n La n d Or c h a r d & Fi e l d Cr o p s Fo o t h i l l Ar e a Re s i d e n t i a l Ag r i c u l t u r a l Re s i d e n t i a l Lo w D e n s i t y Re s i d e n t i a l Me d i u m De n s i t y Re s i d e n t i a l Hi g h D e n s i t y Re s i d e n t i a l Re s e a r c h & Bu s i n e s s Pa r k Co m m e r c i a l Industrial Public Total De s c r i p t i o n Co d e TM GO L OF C FA R AR LD R MD R HD R BP C I P ac r e p a r c e l s Fo o t h i l l R e c r e a t i o n a l , 4 0 - ac r e p a r c e l s FR - 4 0 68 4 . 1 3, 4 5 9 . 9 0. 0 81 . 9 3, 2 7 9 . 8 2. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0.0 134.6 7,642.2 Fo o t h i l l R e c r e a t i o n a l , 1 6 0 - ac r e p a r c e l s FR - 16 0 0. 1 32 5 . 7 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0.0 0.0 325.8 Hi g h w a y C o m m e r c i a l H- C 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 4. 6 3. 0 48 . 2 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 38 . 8 0.0 0.0 94.5 Li m i t e d I n d u s t r i a l L- I 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 1 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 301.1 0.0 301.2 Li g h t I n d u s t r i a l M- 1 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 21 . 2 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 451.8 0.1 473.1 He a v y I n d u s t r i a l M- 2 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 1 0. 5 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 486.7 0.0 487.4 Mo b i l e H o m e P a r k MH P 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 1 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0.0 0.0 0.1 Mo u n t a i n o r R e c r e a t i o n a l Su b d i v i s i o n - R e s i d e n t i a l M- R 0. 0 14 . 9 0. 0 0. 0 2, 7 3 0 . 9 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0.0 0.0 2,745.8 Ne i g h b o r h o o d C o m m e r c i a l N- C 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 18 . 2 0.0 0.0 18.2 Pl a n n e d U n i t D e v e l o p m e n t PU D 36 . 7 30 . 3 0. 0 0. 0 81 . 7 16 9 . 8 0. 9 0. 0 0. 0 15 . 3 0.0 0.0 334.9 Pu b l i c , Q u a s i - P u b l i c P- Q 0. 0 0. 1 8. 8 0. 0 1. 5 0. 1 5. 9 0. 0 0. 0 0. 7 0.2 51.6 68.9 Re s i d e n t i a l R- 1 0. 0 2. 7 0. 0 0. 0 70 . 2 62 3 . 8 50 . 2 1. 1 0. 0 1. 3 0.2 23.6 773.1 Re s i d e n t i a l R- 2 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 1 51 . 6 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0.0 0.0 51.7 Re s i d e n t i a l R- 3 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 19 . 8 16 4 . 7 34 . 7 0. 0 1. 8 23.8 4.8 249.5 Re s i d e n t i a l R- 4 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 2. 3 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 31 . 0 0.0 0.0 33.4 Re s o u r c e C o n s e r v a t i o n R- C 13 . 5 20 4 . 1 0. 0 4. 1 1. 5 0. 6 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 5 48.0 139.4 411.8 Re s i d e n t i a l - N o n c o n f o r m i n g R- N 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 12 . 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 1 0.0 0.0 12.1 Re s i d e n t i a l - P r o f e s s i o n a l Of f i c e R- P 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Mi n i m u m D e n s i t y Re s i d e n t i a l - M o b i l e H o m e RT - 1 0. 3 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 4 20 5 . 8 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0.0 0.0 206.5 Me d i u m D e n s i t y R e s i d e n t i a l Mo b i l e H o m e RT - 1/ 2 0. 0 36 . 7 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 18 . 5 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0.0 0.0 55.2 Mi n i m u m D e n s i t y Re s i d e n t i a l T r a i l e r - 1 a c r e pa r c e l s RT - 1 - A 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 49 . 4 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0.0 0.0 49.4 Sc e n i c H i g h w a y S- H 39 . 7 30 1 . 4 10 . 9 0. 0 37 5 . 7 0. 3 0. 0 0. 7 0. 0 0. 0 0.0 0.1 728.6 Su b u r b a n R e s i d e n t i a l S- R 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 4 0. 2 12 3 . 3 0. 3 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0.0 0.0 124.2 Su b u r b a n R e s i d e n t i a l , 1 / 2 - ac r e p a r c e l s SR - 1/ 2 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 5 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0.0 0.0 0.5 Su b u r b a n R e s i d e n t i a l , 1 - a c r e pa r c e l s SR - 1 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 44 6 . 0 6. 7 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0.0 0.0 452.9 Su b u r b a n R e s i d e n t i a l , 3 - a c r e pa r c e l s SR - 3 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 11 5 . 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0.0 0.0 115.0 Su b u r b a n R e s i d e n t i a l , 5 - a c r e SR - 5 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 10 9 . 2 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0.0 0.0 109.2 Ch a p t e r 4 : H o u s i n g Bu t t e C o u n t y H o u s i n g E l e m e n t May 25, 2004 Ba c k g r o u n d R e p o r t 34 Ge n e r a l P l a n D e s i g n a t i o n Zo n i n g ( 1 ) Ti m b e r Mo u n t a i n Gr a z i n g & O p e n La n d Or c h a r d & Fi e l d Cr o p s Fo o t h i l l Ar e a Re s i d e n t i a l Ag r i c u l t u r a l Re s i d e n t i a l Lo w D e n s i t y Re s i d e n t i a l Me d i u m De n s i t y Re s i d e n t i a l Hi g h D e n s i t y Re s i d e n t i a l Re s e a r c h & Bu s i n e s s Pa r k Co m m e r c i a l Industrial Public Total De s c r i p t i o n Co d e TM GO L OF C FA R AR LD R MD R HD R BP C I P pa r c e l s Ti m b e r M o u n t a i n , 1 - a c r e pa r c e l s TM - 1 31 . 7 1. 4 0. 0 0. 0 10 6 . 4 1. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 1. 8 0.0 0.0 142.5 Ti m b e r M o u n t a i n , 2 - a c r e pa r c e l s TM - 2 0. 0 2. 4 0. 0 0. 0 22 6 . 5 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0.0 0.0 229.0 Ti m b e r M o u n t a i n , 2 - 1 / 2 - a c r e pa r c e l s TM - 2 - 1/ 2 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 19 . 2 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0.0 0.0 19.2 Ti m b e r M o u n t a i n , 3 - a c r e pa r c e l s TM - 3 0. 4 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 11 0 . 3 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0.0 0.0 110.7 Ti m b e r M o u n t a i n , 5 - a c r e pa r c e l s TM - 5 34 3 . 5 24 . 0 0. 0 0. 0 2, 7 8 4 . 6 49 . 7 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 10 . 6 0.0 0.0 3,212.5 Ti m b e r M o u n t a i n , 1 0 - a c r e pa r c e l s TM - 10 50 . 9 20 1 . 7 0. 0 0. 0 53 7 . 4 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0.0 0.0 790.1 Ti m b e r M o u n t a i n , 2 0 - a c r e pa r c e l s TM - 20 49 3 . 6 19 1 . 5 0. 0 0. 0 2, 4 8 0 . 2 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0.0 0.0 3,165.2 Ti m b e r M o u n t a i n , 4 0 - a c r e pa r c e l s TM - 40 67 1 . 5 1, 6 9 6 . 1 0. 0 0. 2 15 6 . 2 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0.0 0.0 2,524.0 Ti m b e r M o u n t a i n , 1 6 0 - a c r e pa r c e l s TM - 16 0 15 7 . 6 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 7. 5 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0.0 0.0 165.2 Ti m b e r P r e s e r v e , 1 6 0 - a c r e pa r c e l s TP Z - 16 0 42 2 . 9 0. 6 0. 0 0. 3 38 . 5 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 12 . 8 0.0 0.0 475.1 Un c l a s s i f i e d U 10 , 8 1 7 . 2 11 , 3 3 1 . 9 44 . 4 0. 0 14 , 7 4 0 . 8 50 . 5 0. 0 0. 3 0. 0 11 0 . 8 48.9 85.2 37,229.9 Op e n S p a c e ( 2 ) OS 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 9. 3 12 . 9 4. 1 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 8.7 13.9 48.9 Sp o r t s & E n t e r t a i n m e n t S/ E 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Bu s i n e s s P a r k B- P 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Wa t e r s h e d P r o t e c t i o n Ov e r l a y ( 3 ) WP 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Su b t o t a l U n i n c o r p o r a t e d 14 , 2 0 3 . 9 19 , 8 4 1 . 4 4, 2 3 1 . 6 5, 6 1 8 . 1 48 , 5 8 3 . 2 4, 0 9 0 . 6 46 4 . 3 36 . 7 0. 0 56 2 . 4 1,379.2 457.4 99,468.7 So u r c e s : B u t t e C o u n t y , M i n t i e r & A s s o c i a t e s No t e s : Th e t a b l e c e l l s t h a t a r e s h a d e d i n g r a y s h o w v a c a n t a c r e a g e w i t h b o t h r e s i d e n ti a l G e n e r a l P l a n d e s i g n a t i o n s a n d z o n i n g . (1 ) i n c l u d e s z o n i n g d i s t r i c t s w i t h a w a t e r p r ot e c t i o n o v e r l a y z o n e ( W P ) a p p l i e d ; a l s o wh e n c o m b i n e d w i t h O S , C M , o r P D z o n e (2 ) i n c l u d e s O S a n d O S / P D (3 ) N o a c r e a g e s h o w n s i n c e i t i s a n o v e r l a y z o n e Chapter 4: Housing Butte County Housing Element May 25, 2004 Background Report 35 Table 4-23 below shows a summary of the vacant land in all residential land use designations with residential zoning in Table 4-22. As shown in the table, there is a total of 27,585 vacant acres in unincorporated Butte County with residential General Plan designations and residential zoning, including 5,609 acres designated Foothill Area Residential (FAR), 18,026 acres of Agricultural Residential (AR), 3,538 acres of Low Density Residential (LDR), 377 acres of Medium Density Residential (MDR), and 36 acres of High Density Residential (HDR) land. Of the vacant unincorporated LDR, MDR, and HDR land with residential zoning, all of the HDR land, 374.7 out of 376.6 acres of the MDR land, and 3,245.6 out of 3,538 acres of LDR land is located within the SOIs of the cities. Chapter 4: Housing Butte County Housing Element May 25, 2004 Background Report 36 TABLE 4-23 SUMMARY OF VACANT LAND WITH RESIDENTIAL LAND USE DESIGNATIONS AND ZONING General Plan Designation Foothill Area Residential Agricultural Residential Low Density Residential Medium Density Residential High Density Residential Residential Zoning FAR AR LDR MDR HDR Totals Agricultural-Residential A-R 0.0 63.7 1,826.5 96.2 0.0 1,986.4 Agricultural-Residential, 1/2-acre parcels AR-1/2 0.0 0.0 22.8 0.0 0.0 22.8 Agricultural-Residential, 1-acre parcels AR-1 0.0 528.0 397.0 0.6 0.0 925.6 Agricultural-Residential, 2-1/2-acre parcels AR-2-1/2 0.0 1,428.1 71.7 0.0 0.0 1,499.8 Agricultural-Residential, 5-acre parcels AR-5 0.0 2,433.6 39.8 0.0 0.0 2,473.4 Agricultural-Residential, 10-acre parcels AR-10 0.0 560.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 560.9 Agricultural-Suburban Residential A-SR 0.0 0.0 9.3 0.0 0.0 9.3 Foothill Recreational, 1-acre parcels FR-1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Foothill Recreational, 2-acre parcels FR-2 605.6 185.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 791.4 Foothill Recreational, 3-acre parcels FR-3 13.5 9.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 23.2 Foothill Recreational, 5-acre parcels FR-5 1,127.7 2,114.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 3,242.4 Foothill Recreational, 10-acre parcels FR-10 1,928.1 1,931.9 0.5 0.0 0.0 3,860.6 Foothill Recreational, 20-acre parcels FR-20 1,851.7 1,883.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 3,735.4 Foothill Recreational, 40-acre parcels FR-40 81.9 3,279.8 2.0 0.0 0.0 3,363.7 Foothill Recreational, 160-acre parcels FR-160 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Mobile Home Park MHP 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 Mountain or Recreational Subdivision - Residential M-R 0.0 2,730.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 2,730.9 Planned Unit Development PUD 0.0 81.7 169.8 0.9 0.0 252.5 Residential R-1 0.0 70.2 623.8 50.2 1.1 745.2 Residential R-2 0.0 0.0 0.1 51.6 0.0 51.7 Residential R-3 0.0 0.0 19.8 164.7 34.7 219.1 Residential R-4 0.0 2.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.4 Residential-Nonconforming R-N 0.0 0.0 0.0 12.0 0.0 12.0 Residential-Professional R-P 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Minimum Density Residential - Mobile Home RT-1 0.0 0.4 205.8 0.0 0.0 206.2 Medium Density Residential Mobile Home RT-1/2 0.0 0.0 18.5 0.0 0.0 18.5 Minimum Density Residential Trailer - 1 acre parcels RT-1-A 0.0 49.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 49.4 Suburban Residential S-R 0.4 0.2 123.3 0.3 0.0 124.1 Suburban Residential, 1/2-acre parcels SR-1/2 0.0 0.0 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.5 Suburban Residential, 1-acre parcels SR-1 0.0 446.0 6.7 0.0 0.0 452.8 Suburban Residential, 3-acre parcels SR-3 0.0 115.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 115.0 Suburban Residential, 5-acre parcels SR-5 0.0 109.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 109.2 Totals 5,608.8 18,025.5 3,538.0 376.6 35.8 27,584.6 Sources: Butte County, Mintier & Associates Table 4-24 below shows vacant acreage with LDR, MDR, and HDR designations that have non- residential zoning based on the data in Table 4-22. Residential uses are allowed by all of the zoning districts, but generally require a use permit for non-accessory or non-caretaker residences. While these parcels could be inventoried as having residential potential, they are zoned non- residential. Because of this zoning, it would be problematic to develop them for intensive residential uses without zoning changes. For the purposes of this chapter, they are not counted toward the inventory of residential holding capacity. Chapter 4: Housing Butte County Housing Element May 25, 2004 Background Report 37 TABLE 4-24 VACANT LDR, MDR, AND HDR RESIDENTIAL DESIGNATIONS WITH OTHER ZONING Low Density Residential Medium Density Residential High Density Residential LDR MDR HDR Totals Agricultural, 5-acre parcels A-5 365.9 74.5 0.0 440.5 Light Commercial C-1 5.6 0.6 0.0 6.2 General Commercial C-2 17.1 2.1 0.0 19.2 Heavy Industrial M-2 0.1 0.5 0.0 0.6 Public, Quasi-Public P-Q 0.1 5.9 0.0 6.1 Scenic Highway S-H 0.3 0.0 0.7 1.0 Unclassified U 50.5 0.0 0.3 50.7 Open Space (2)OS 12.9 4.1 0.0 17.0 Totals 452.5 87.8 0.9 541.2 Sources: Butte County, Mintier & Associates Table 4-25 below shows vacant parcels with R-1, R-2, R-3, and R-4 zoning that have non- residential land use designations based on the data in Table 4-22. In the existing General Plan Land Use Element (note: in this document, “existing General Plan” refers to the Butte County General Plan as of January, 2003, consisting of a collection of 12 elements that were adopted between 1971 and 1995), residential dwellings are listed as secondary uses for the Commercial (C) and Industrial (I) land use designations. Housing for students or on-site employees is listed as a secondary use for the Public (P) land use designation. As shown in the table, there are 34.2 vacant acres with R-1, R-3, or R-4 zoning and a Commercial (C) land use designation. While the R-4 zone is consistent with the C land use designation, the other zones are not, based on the existing General Plan Land Use Element). There are also 24 acres with R-1 or R-3 zoning and an Industrial (I) land use designation; this zoning is not consistent with the I land use designation, based on the existing General Plan Land Use Element). The 31 acres that are zoned R-4 and designated C are counted toward the residential land use inventory. TABLE 4-25 OTHER DESIGNATIONS WITH R-1, R-2, R-3, OR R-4 ZONING Commercial Industrial Public C I P Totals Residential R-1 1.3 0.2 23.6 25.2 Residential R-2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Residential R-3 1.8 23.8 4.8 30.4 Residential R-4 31.0 0.0 0.0 31.0 Totals 34.2 24.0 28.4 86.6 Sources: Butte County, Mintier & Associates Table 4-26 below provides a matrix of the maximum allowable density for all residential land use designations and residential zoning districts. The maximum density figure for each land use designation and zoning district combination is based on the lower of the maximum density Chapter 4: Housing Butte County Housing Element May 25, 2004 Background Report 38 allowed in the land use designation and the maximum density allowed (based on minimum lot size) in the zoning district. Chapter 4: Housing Butte County Housing Element May 25, 2004 Background Report 39 TABLE 4-26 MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE DENSITY FOR RESIDENTIAL LAND USE DESIGNATIONS AND ZONING DISTRICTS Maximum Density General Plan Land Use Designation (1) Density in DU/ acre (from minimum lot area) (2) Foothill Area Residential Agricultural Residential Low Density Residential Medium Density Residential High Density Residential FAR AR LDR MDR HDR Residential Zoning 1.00 1.00 6.00 13.00 20.00 Agricultural-Residential A-R 6.70 1.00 1.00 6.00 6.70 6.70 Agricultural-Residential, 1/2-acre parcels AR-1/2 2.00 1.00 1.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 Agricultural-Residential, 1-acre parcels AR-1 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 Agricultural-Residential, 2-1/2-acre parcels AR-2-1/2 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 Agricultural-Residential, 5-acre parcels AR-5 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 Agricultural-Residential, 10-acre parcels AR-10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 Agricultural-Suburban Residential A-SR 6.70 1.00 1.00 6.00 6.70 6.70 Foothill Recreational, 1-acre parcels FR-1 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 Foothill Recreational, 2-acre parcels FR-2 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 Foothill Recreational, 3-acre parcels FR-3 0.33 0.33 0.33 0.33 0.33 0.33 Foothill Recreational, 5-acre parcels FR-5 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 Foothill Recreational, 10-acre parcels FR-10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 Foothill Recreational, 20-acre parcels FR-20 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 Foothill Recreational, 40-acre parcels FR-40 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 Foothill Recreational, 160-acre parcels FR-160 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 Mobile Home Park MHP 10.0 1.00 1.00 6.00 10.00 10.00 Mountain or Recreational Subdivision - Residential M-R 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 Planned Unit Development PUD -1.00 1.00 6.00 13.00 20.00 Residential R-1 6.70 (3)1.00 1.00 6.00 6.70 6.70 Residential R-2 13.40 (4)1.00 1.00 6.00 13.00 13.40 Residential R-3 13.40 (4)1.00 1.00 6.00 13.00 13.40 Residential R-4 20.26 (5)1.00 1.00 6.00 13.00 20.00 Residential-Nonconforming R-N 6.70 1.00 1.00 6.00 6.70 6.70 Residential-Professional R-P 6.70 1.00 1.00 6.00 6.70 6.70 Minimum Density Residential - Mobile Home RT-1 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 Medium Density Residential Mobile Home RT-1/2 2.00 1.00 1.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 Minimum Density Residential Trailer - 1 acre parcels RT-1-A 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 Suburban Residential S-R 6.70 1.00 1.00 6.00 6.70 6.70 Suburban Residential, 1/2-acre parcels SR-1/2 2.00 1.00 1.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 Suburban Residential, 1-acre parcels SR-1 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 Suburban Residential, 3-acre parcels SR-3 0.33 0.33 0.33 0.33 0.33 0.33 Suburban Residential, 5-acre parcels SR-5 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 Sources: Butte County, Mintier & Associates Notes: (1) the maximum density allowed in the land use designation (2) maximum density allowed (based on minimum lot size) in the zoning district (3) based on minimum building site area per unit (6,500 sq. ft.) (4) based on minimum building site area per unit (3,250 sq. ft.) (5) based on minimum building site area per unit (2,150 sq. ft.) Chapter 4: Housing Butte County Housing Element May 25, 2004 Background Report 40 Table 4-27 below calculates the residential development capacity in unincorporated areas by multiplying the maximum densities in Table 4-26 by the vacant acreage shown in Table 4-23. Residential units are rounded down to the nearest whole number in each cell. TABLE 4-27 ESTIMATE OF RESIDENTIAL HOLDING CAPACITY FOR LAND WITH RESIDENTIAL LAND USE DESIGNATIONS AND ZONING DISTRICTS BASED ON DEVELOPABLE ACREAGE AND GENERAL PLAN DENSITIES Foothill Area Residential Agricultural Residential Low Density Residential Medium Density Residential High Density Residential Residential Zoning FAR AR LDR MDR HDR Totals Agricultural-Residential A-R 0 63 10,958 644 0 11,665 Agricultural-Residential, 1/2-acre parcels AR-1/2 0 0 45 0 0 45 Agricultural-Residential, 1-acre parcels AR-1 0 528 396 0 0 924 Agricultural-Residential, 2-1/2-acre parcels AR-2-1/2 0 571 28 0 0 599 Agricultural-Residential, 5-acre parcels AR-5 0 486 7 0 0 493 Agricultural-Residential, 10-acre parcels AR-10 0 56 0 0 0 56 Agricultural-Suburban Residential A-SR 0 0 55 0 0 55 Foothill Recreational, 1-acre parcels FR-1 0 0 0 0 0 0 Foothill Recreational, 2-acre parcels FR-2 302 92 0 0 0 394 Foothill Recreational, 3-acre parcels FR-3 4 3 0 0 0 7 Foothill Recreational, 5-acre parcels FR-5 225 422 0 0 0 647 Foothill Recreational, 10-acre parcels FR-10 192 193 0 0 0 385 Foothill Recreational, 20-acre parcels FR-20 92 94 0 0 0 186 Foothill Recreational, 40-acre parcels FR-40 2 81 0 0 0 83 Foothill Recreational, 160-acre parcels FR-160 0 0 0 0 0 0 Mobile Home Park MHP 0 0 0 0 0 0 Mountain or Recreational Subdivision - Residential M-R 0 546 0 0 0 546 Planned Unit Development PUD 0 81 1,019 12 0 1,112 Residential R-1 0 70 3,742 336 7 4,155 Residential R-2 0 0 0 671 0 671 Residential R-3 0 0 118 2,140 464 2,722 Residential R-4 0 2 0 0 0 2 Residential-Nonconforming R-N 0 0 0 80 0 80 Residential-Professional R-P 0 0 0 0 0 0 Minimum Density Residential - Mobile Home RT-1 0 0 205 0 0 205 Medium Density Residential Mobile Home RT-1/2 0 0 36 0 0 36 Minimum Density Residential Trailer - 1 acre parcels RT-1-A 0 49 0 0 0 49 Suburban Residential S-R 0 0 739 1 0 740 Suburban Residential, 1/2-acre parcels SR-1/2 0 0 1 0 0 1 Suburban Residential, 1-acre parcels SR-1 0 446 6 0 0 452 Suburban Residential, 3-acre parcels SR-3 0 38 0 0 0 38 Suburban Residential, 5-acre parcels SR-5 0 21 0 0 0 21 Totals 817 3,842 17,355 3,884 471 26,369 Source: Mintier & Associates As shown in the table, Butte County has a capacity for 26,369 units on residentially-designated land that also has residential zoning. Chapter 4: Housing Butte County Housing Element May 25, 2004 Background Report 41 Since Butte County clearly has the capacity to meet its overall assigned share of the regional housing need, the key question to be determined is whether there is sufficient development capacity for units affordable to moderate-income and below households. Total Residential Holding Capacity vs. Projected Needs by Housing Type and Income Group As shown in Table 4-32 the Medium Density Residential (MDR) (maximum density (without density bonus) of 13 units/acre) and High Density Residential (HDR) (maximum density (without density bonus) of 20 units/acre) designations explicitly allow multifamily residential development, including condominiums, multiple-dwelling structures, mobile home parks, group quarters and care homes, while the Low Density Residential (LDR) designation limits residential uses other than single family dwellings to a maximum density of six units per acre. As shown in Table 4-26, the R-1 zoning district allows a maximum density of 6.7 units per acre, based on the minimum parcel size and minimum building site area of 6,500 sq. ft. shown in Table 4-35. The R-2 and R-3 zones allow a maximum density of 13.4 units per acre, based on the minimum building site area of 3,250 sq. ft. The R-4 zone allows a maximum density of 20.26 units per acre, based on the minimum building site area of 2,150 sq. ft. As shown in Table 4-34, the R-2, R-3, and R-4 zoning districts allow duplexes or zero lot line half-plexes, while the R-3 and R-4 zones also allow “multiple-family dwellings, apartments, and condominiums and townhouses.” The R-1, R-2, R-3, and R-4 zones allow mobile home parks as a conditional use. Second dwelling units are allowed in the R-1 zone as a conditional use and in the R-2, R-3 and R-4 zones by right (subject to the requirements of Section 24-280 of the Zoning Ordinance). For the purposes of the Housing Element, the MDR and HDR designations allow densities and uses that are supportive of housing affordable to households at moderate-income and below. The R-2, R-3, and R-4 zones allow densities and uses that are supportive of affordable housing to households at moderate-income and below. It is important to note that, as shown in the “Regional Fair Share Allocation Evaluation” section above (see Table 4-17), 768 (55 percent) of the 1,398 building permits issued by Butte County from the start of 2001 through April 2003 have been for manufactured homes. The typical sales prices for these units fall well within the range affordable to moderate-income households and is approximately at the upper limit for low- income households. Therefore, a large portion of the vacant land inventory for single family uses could be inventoried as affordable to low- and moderate-income households. However, to keep the analysis simpler, and because, as described below, this capacity is not needed to meet Butte County’s housing goals, these potential units have not been inventoried as “affordable”. Therefore, in compliance with the requirements of Government Code Section 65583(c)(1), the General Plan Land Use Element should provide a sufficient portion of land in the MDR and HDR designations, and the R-2, R-3, and R-4 zones to meet its obligation to provide sites suitable for the production of needed housing affordable to very low-, low-, and moderate- income households. Chapter 4: Housing Butte County Housing Element May 25, 2004 Background Report 42 Table 4-28 below shows Butte County’s inventory of sites for affordable housing. The table breaks down categories of land that, because of permitted densities and unit types, allow development of moderate-income and below housing units, as discussed above (as discussed above, manufactured homes built on single family parcels that would be affordable to low- and moderate-income households are not included). All parcels smaller than 0.5 acre (unless directly adjacent to other parcels in common ownership that together are greater than 0.5 acres) were discarded from this inventory. Because of this, totals in several categories are less than the acreage totals shown in Table 4-22. The acreage total for sites with an MDR designation and R-2 zoning is slightly higher than that shown in Table 4-22 because Table 4-28 includes the entire parcel area, whereas the countywide inventory is based on totals from land use designation and zoning boundaries that may not have aligned exactly with parcel boundaries in the GIS system. The totals shown in the table below should be considered more accurate, because they are based on parcel boundaries. All of the parcels below were also field-checked to confirm their vacancy status. The table shows parcels organized by land use designation and zoning district. It also shows a “group” designation for most of the parcels. These letters refer to groupings of parcels that are adjacent to each other. The following provides additional information about these groups: • Group A: the two parcels have different owners. • Group B: three of the four parcels have the same owner. • Group C: seven of the nine parcels have the same owner; some of the parcels are adjacent across a street, rather than immediately adjacent. • Group D: the two parcels have the same owner. • Group E: the six parcels have the same owner. • Group F: four of the seven parcels have the same owner; two of the remaining three parcels have the same owner. • Group G: the two parcels have the same owner. As shown in the table below, all of the sites are within the SOIs of incorporated areas. Actual development of these parcels at higher densities is dependent on actions by the cities. The development of multifamily housing is unlikely to take place without land first being annexed by a city and the extension of urban services. Therefore, the accommodation of the County’s share of the regional housing need is, to a large degree, outside of the hands of the County and is dependent on the cities’ actions regarding unincorporated land within their SOIs. Chapter 4: Housing Butte County Housing Element May 25, 2004 Background Report 43 TABLE 4-28 INVENTORY OF SITES AVAILABLE FOR AFFORDABLE HOUSING Category/ Group APN#Location Acres C designation/ R-4 zoning 31.01 A 036-160-064 Oroville SOI 3.98 A 036-160-065 Oroville SOI 3.45 B 069-520-033 Oroville SOI 4.62 B 069-520-034 Oroville SOI 7.64 B 069-520-035 Oroville SOI 5.02 B 069-520-036 Oroville SOI 6.31 HDR designation/ R-3 zoning 34.14 C 036-160-044 Oroville SOI 17.35 C 036-160-055 Oroville SOI 6.24 C 036-160-062 Oroville SOI 6.64 C 036-200-033 Oroville SOI 3.90 MDR designation/ R-3 or PUD zoning 154.63 D 007-150-044 Chico SOI 0.53 D 007-150-061 Chico SOI 0.42 -030-200-100 Oroville SOI 3.52 E 030-212-031 Oroville SOI 0.24 E 030-212-032 Oroville SOI 0.24 E 030-212-033 Oroville SOI 0.23 E 030-212-034 Oroville SOI 0.24 E 030-212-035 Oroville SOI 0.24 E 030-212-036 Oroville SOI 0.23 -035-130-120 Oroville SOI 61.66 F 035-130-185 Oroville SOI 3.86 F 035-130-186 Oroville SOI 1.06 F 035-130-187 Oroville SOI 0.96 F 035-130-188 Oroville SOI 1.01 F 035-300-036 Oroville SOI 4.26 F 035-300-038 Oroville SOI 1.02 F 035-300-039 Oroville SOI 1.03 C 036-210-026 Oroville SOI 19.05 C 036-210-028 Oroville SOI 10.46 C 036-210-030 Oroville SOI 8.96 C 036-210-035 Oroville SOI 20.85 C 036-210-036 Oroville SOI 12.34 -068-230-039 Oroville SOI 2.22 MDR designation/ R-2 zoning 55.36 -007-020-123 Chico SOI 27.02 G 007-430-023 Chico SOI 23.09 G 007-430-024 Chico SOI 2.22 -064-410-024 Paradise SOI 0.70 -064-430-005 Paradise SOI 0.56 -064-460-002 Paradise SOI 0.98 -064-460-004 Paradise SOI 0.78 Sources: Butte County, Mintier & Associates Chapter 4: Housing Butte County Housing Element May 25, 2004 Background Report 44 Table 4-29 below shows a summary of residential development potential by affordability category in Butte County, based on Table 4-28 above. As shown in the table, Butte County has a total capacity of 26,997 residential units, including the 26,369 units on residentially-designated land and with residential zoning shown in Table 4-27 plus 628 units on the 31 acres with a C designation and R-4 zoning shown in Table 4-28. The number of affordable units calculated for each of these categories is derived from the density assumptions in Table 4-26. Based on allowable maximum densities in excess of 16 units per acre with density bonuses (which is very high for a rural county such as Butte County) for all of the land shown in the table with a C, HDR, or MDR designation, this land is assumed to allow development of units affordable to very low-income households and higher. TABLE 4-29 RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPMENT POTENTIAL BY AFFORDABILITY CATEGORY acres maximum density maximum density with density bonus (1) assumed affordability units (2) Total units (3)26,997 C designation/ R-4 zoning 31.01 20.26 25.33 very low and higher 628 HDR designation/ R-3 zoning 34.14 13.40 16.75 very low and higher 457 MDR designation/ R-3 or PUD zoning 154.63 13.00 16.25 very low and higher 2,010 MDR designation/ R-2 zoning 55.36 13.00 16.25 very low and higher 720 Sources: Butte County, Mintier & Associates Notes: (1) 25% density bonus (2) Development potential is based on acres multiplied by maximum density (without density bonus) (3) 26,369 units on land with residential land use designations shown in Table 4-27 + 628 units on the 31 acres with a C designation (and R-4 zoning) shown in Table 4-28. Table 4-30 below provides a summary of residential holding capacity in Butte County compared to Butte County’s assigned housing need. The figures for total RHNP allocation, units built, and net allocation to be met are from Table 4-17. The figures for holding capacity on vacant land are from Table 4-29. As shown in Table 4-30, Butte County has a total residential capacity of units far in excess of its net allocation to be met. Because capacity for housing production exceeds Butte County’s total need for new housing during the Housing Element planning period, a primary objective for the County over the Housing Element planning period will be to provide adequate sites to accommodate the housing needs of very low–, low-, and moderate-income households. As shown in Table 4-30, Butte County has a net allocation to be met of 2,248 moderate-income and below units after accounting for units built from January 2001 through April 2003. Butte County has a capacity for 3,815 moderate-income and below units, for a surplus capacity of 1,567 units. Because the 3,815 unit capacity for moderate-income and below units are assumed to be able to be built down to very low-income affordability, Butte County does not have a need for additional capacity in the very low-, low-, or moderate-income categories. The 3,815 unit capacity for moderate-income and below units could also be increased, with application of the maximum 25 percent density bonus, to 4,769 units; however, density bonuses are not reflected in the table. Chapter 4: Housing Butte County Housing Element May 25, 2004 Background Report 45 TABLE 4-30 RESIDENTIAL HOLDING CAPACITY ANALYSIS Very Low Low Moderate Combined Very Low, Low, and Moderate Above Moderate Total Total RHNP Allocation (1)1,117 894 1,005 3,016 2,569 5,585 Housing built: 2001 through 4/30/2003 (2) 0 0 768 768 630 1,398 Net Allocation to be Met: January 2001-June 2008 1,117 894 237 2,248 1,939 4,187 Holding Capacity - Vacant and Land (3) 3,815 0 0 3,815 23,182 26,997 Remaining Need (4)0 0 0 0 0 0 Sources: Butte County; Vernazza Wolfe Associates, Inc.; Mintier & Associates Notes: (1) See Table 4-17. (2) See Table 4-17. (3) See Table 4-29. (4) Extra capacity for very low-income units transferred to low- and moderate-income categories. Land Available for Other Types of Housing and Shelter State law (Government Code Section 65583(c)(a)) requires that local land use regulations accommodate a range of housing types, as well as facilities for people in need of emergency shelter and transitional housing. The following is a brief analysis of the availability of land for other types of housing. Manufactured Housing The County has a Mobile Home Park (MHP) zone, but there is currently only 0.1 vacant acres in this designation. The County also allows development of mobile home parks as a conditional use in all of the residential zones. In accordance with state law, the County allows manufactured homes on permanent foundations on all residential lots. Transitional Housing and Emergency Shelters Table 4-31 below shows the regulations for group living, including emergency shelters and transitional housing, permitted by the Zoning Ordinance. For transitional housing facilities that do not involve group living, location of transitional housing facilities is subject to the same land use regulations as other housing developments of similar type, size, and density. Chapter 4: Housing Butte County Housing Element May 25, 2004 Background Report 46 TABLE 4-31 ZONING ORDINANCE REGULATIONS FOR GROUP LIVING Type Zones The use of a single family residence as a small family day care home, licensed family care home, foster home, or group home for mentally disordered or otherwise handicapped persons or neglected children. Said homes shall serve six or fewer persons and shall be subject to all applicable state regulations and limitations Permitted in all agricultural zones, all foothill recreational zones, all residential zones, and all timber mountain zones. Licensed family, foster or group homes in conjunction with six (6) or fewer individuals on a twenty-four-hour basis permitted use in R1.R-2, R-3 and R-4 Permitted use in R1.R-2, R-3 and R-4 zones Rest homes, convalescent homes and sanitariums for more than six (6) residents Conditional use in R-2, R-3 and R-4 zones Licensed family, foster or group homes in conjunction with seven (7) or more persons and day care facilities for over twelve (12) children Conditional use in R-1, R-2, R-3 and R-4 zones Large family day care facilities subject to the requirements of Section 24- 265 Minor Use Permit required in all agricultural zones, all foothill recreational zones, all residential zones, and all timber mountain zones. Source: Butte County Zoning Ordinance Farmworker housing The Zoning Ordinance permits “housing facilities (including mobile homes) to accommodate up to 12 agricultural workers and their families employed by the owner or operator of the premises or owners or operators of other agricultural lands pursuant to Section 17021.6 of the California Health and Safety Code and subject to State permits” in all agricultural zones. In addition, temporary mobile homes are allowed in all agricultural zones, all foothill recreational zones, all residential zones, and all timber mountain zones by Administrative Permit. Second Units The County’s standards for second unit development are typical of California cities and counties. Butte County has adopted a set of second dwelling unit standards that are intended to facilitate second unit development. Second dwelling units are allowed in the R-1 zone as a conditional use and in the R-2, R-3 and R-4 zones by right (subject to the requirements of Section 24-280). The County’s second unit regulations are described in detail in Section 4.4 (Constraints And Incentives). Sites Suitable for Redevelopment for Residential Use The Butte County Board of Supervisors approved the Chapman/Mulberry Neighborhood Plan on January 25, 2000. This Plan is intended to preserve and enhance the single family residential character of the neighborhood core and promote the revitalization of the Chapman/Mulberry neighborhood. The 338-acre area is predominantly an unincorporated county island surrounded by the City of Chico. The area has a significant number of structures in need of repair and rehabilitation. According to County records, only 13.6 percent of the dwellings in the Chapman area and 28 percent of the dwellings in the Mulberry area were rated as meeting current minimum building code requirements. Over 73 percent of the dwellings were built prior to 1950. Chapter 4: Housing Butte County Housing Element May 25, 2004 Background Report 47 Infrastructure is lacking in much of the plan area. Street pavement width varies and curbs, gutters and sidewalks are inconsistently developed, if at all. The small residential lots are developed with individual on-site sewage disposal systems. The lack of a sanitary sewer and storm drain system is the primary infrastructure deficiency. Portions of the area are subject to standing water due to the lack of drainage facilities. The County has and will continue to invest CDBG Funds to rehabilitate substandard homes. Chapman/Mulberry Neighborhood Land Use Policy #4 indicates that the County shall continue to promote and facilitate the rehabilitation of the existing housing stock using a variety of applicable, viable programs. Adequacy of Public Facilities, Services, and Infrastructure The following section addresses the adequacy of public facilities, services, and infrastructure to accommodate planned residential growth between 2001 and 2008. It should be remembered that the residential holding capacity analysis presented above assumes that the vast majority of all housing and all of the affordable housing built within the unincorporated county will occur within the SOIs of the cities. In addition, development of multifamily housing is unlikely to take place without land first being annexed by a city and the extension of urban services. Therefore, the accommodation of the County’s share of the regional housing need is, to a large degree, outside of the hands of the County and is dependent on the cities’ actions regarding unincorporated land within their SOIs. Roads Residential development within and on the periphery of urban areas of the county creates a need for expansion and improvement of the existing street system to accommodate increased usage. The absence of available funding sources to finance needed expansions and improvements is an obstacle to residential development. In some areas of the county, specifically the Paradise Ridge Area, development in the unincorporated area will create a strain on the existing roads. The County has adopted a requirement to include traffic considerations when planning for additional housing units. Developers are expected to take responsibility for paying the costs of necessary on-site and off-site traffic improvements to serve new residents. Assuming that developers add these costs to the sales prices for new homes, this is another factor that increases housing costs. However, paying for needed improvements addresses only one issue associated with expanding the road system. The geography of the county constrains transportation and circulation as well. In the flat valley of the southwestern portion of the county, the circulation system is affected most significantly by the Feather River. The river bisects the lower portion of the county running south. In the foothills and mountains of the eastern part of the county, travel is limited to east- west roadways that run through valleys and canyons. Man-made barriers also constrain automobile traffic. For instance, the circulation system is affected by the railroad tracks running north-south parallel to the state highways. Together the river and railroad tracks facilitate north- south travel, though they also hinder east-west travel in the southern portion of the county. Chapter 4: Housing Butte County Housing Element May 25, 2004 Background Report 48 Parks Five special independent districts maintain parks and recreational facilities in Butte County. “Independent” means that each district is governed by a board of directors elected by the voters in that district. The park and recreation districts in Butte County are also non-enterprise districts, which means they are dependent on property taxes for operating revenue and not on user fees. The five special districts in Butte County are: • The Chico Area Recreation and Park District, serving Chico and the vicinity; • The Feather River Recreation and Park District, serving the Oroville area and vicinity; • The Paradise Recreation and Park District, serving the Paradise Ridge area; • The Durham Recreation and Park District, serving the Durham community and surrounding area, and • The Richvale Recreation and Park District, serving the small rural town of Richvale. The recreation districts in Butte County use their own standards to measure and plan for meeting the recreation demand in their services areas. However, they are coordinating efforts to establish usage and fee standards if the County adopts a Quimby Ordinance. Passed in 1965, the Quimby Act requires developers to set aside parkland or pay in-lieu funds to public services such as recreation districts. Parkland set-aside can range between three to five acres per thousand people. Law Enforcement Several agencies provide law enforcement in Butte County. These include the Butte County Sheriff, the California Highway Patrol, the California State Police, and the State Department of Fish and Game. The individual agencies each have jurisdiction over the entire county, although they provide different types of law enforcement services to county residents. The two most critical agencies are discussed below. • The Butte County Sheriff’s Office (BCSO) is responsible for law enforcement, criminal investigation, marijuana eradication, and crime prevention in the unincorporated areas of the county. The BCSO operates the County jail and acts as bailiff for the County court system. The BCSO is the countywide coordinator for mutual aid situations and has mutual aid agreements with the California Highway Patrol and the Oroville, Chico and Gridley municipal police departments. The BCSO has its main office in Oroville, with additional offices (sub-stations) in Chico and Magalia. The BCSO has divided the county into north and south service areas. • The California Highway Patrol (CHP) provides law enforcement services, primarily traffic control, for the State roads and roads in the unincorporated portions of the county. These services include traffic control, accident investigation, and licensing of vehicles. The CHP has a mutual aid agreement with the Sheriff’s Department and will respond when requested by the Sheriff. The deployment/distribution of CHP personnel is based upon traffic volume and accident rates within the County. Areas with a high incidence of accidents or traffic control problems are patrolled on a regular basis. There are many Chapter 4: Housing Butte County Housing Element May 25, 2004 Background Report 49 areas of the county, particularly in the foothills in the East, that are outside the regular patrols of the CHP, so the CHP visits these areas only when called. Fire Since 1931, the California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection (CDF) has provided fire protection services through an annual cooperative agreement with the County. Under the terms of this agreement, the County funds CDF professional command, fire-fighting, and administrative staff to operate the Butte County Fire Department (BCFD). In addition, the County provides funds for operating expenses, stations, equipment, and maintenance for the BCFD. Through this arrangement, the CDF and the BCFD function together as a fully consolidated fire protection agency and provide the most cost-effective fire protection service for Butte County. The BCFD provides emergency services to all of Butte County, protecting over 1,600 square miles, several municipalities, and an unincorporated population of over 108,000 residents. Within the county, only the Cities of Chico, Oroville, the Town of Paradise, and the El Medio Fire Protection District have independent fire departments. The BCFD has established mutual aid or automatic aid agreements with other fire protection agencies to provide optimal fire protection service to the entire county. Four hundred volunteer fire fighters support the BCFD. They are organized into 22 local companies that operate 18 stations and provide back-up service to BCFD stations within the county. The volunteer companies are dispatched by the BCFD as needed, and provide key support to the BCFD in emergency situations. The volunteer companies make up an essential part of the county fire protection system, often providing the first response to an emergency in the rural portions of the county that are some distance from a BCFD station. Although the volunteer companies are organized and supported by the local communities, they operate as part of the countywide fire protection system and receive regular training by the BCFD professional fire fighters. Schools Fifteen local school districts, Butte Community College, and the County Office of Education provide public education in the unincorporated area of Butte County. The local districts provide elementary and secondary education to the communities and unincorporated areas of the county, while the County Office of Education offers special education programs and other related services to the individual districts within the county. The Butte Community College is a two-year junior college that serves the residents of Butte and Glenn Counties with post-secondary and adult education. The local school districts range in size from the single school Feather Falls Union Elementary School District, which has an average daily attendance (ADA) of 45 students, to the Chico Unified School District, which has 26 schools and an ADA of over 13,269 students. Five of the districts (Biggs, Chico, Durham, Gridley and Paradise) are unified school districts, serving Chapter 4: Housing Butte County Housing Element May 25, 2004 Background Report 50 students from kindergarten through high school. Eight districts (Bangor, Feather Falls, Golden Feather, Manzanita, Oroville, Palermo, Pioneer and Thermalito) provide elementary education throughout the rest of the county, feeding students into Oroville Union High School District and Gridley Unified for secondary education. According to the district CBEDS Report for the fiscal year 2002/03 there are 34,259 students enrolled in schools in Butte County. Many of these school districts report growing enrollments. In some cases, growth can be accommodated at the existing facilities; in other cases, these needs can be addressed through the use of portable classrooms. In still other cases, the need for new construction has been identified. Finally, in a few cases not much can be done to accommodate growth. In the larger school districts, growth is accommodated through the use of portables and planned construction of new facilities. • The Feather Falls Union School District can accommodate growth using its present facilities. • School Districts that can accommodate growth using portable classrooms include Bangor Union Elementary, Biggs Unified, Chico Unified, Durham Unified, Gridley Unified, and Thermalito Union Elementary. • School Districts that can accommodate growth with new construction include Biggs Unified, Chico Unified, Durham Unified, Gridley Unified, Oroville Elementary, Oroville Union High School, Palermo Union, Paradise Unified, and Thermalito Union Elementary. • School Districts that cannot accommodate growth beyond current capacities include Golden Feather Union and Manzanita. Storm Drainage With the exception of the Paradise area, Butte County’s urban communities are constrained in varying degrees by a lack of drainage facilities. Drainage facilities are particularly necessary for the provision of higher density developments needed to meet low-income housing needs and to maintain an effective supply of rental housing. Any multifamily development in outlying unincorporated communities (those not adjacent to existing cities) would need to develop an adequate drainage plan to direct run-off to the appropriate facilities downstream. The cost of such drainage facilities would have to be borne by the developer. The issue of drainage capacity is not so much a physical constraint as a potential economic constraint. It may not be financially feasible for an individual developer to provide necessary drainage facilities for one project. Drainage and flooding problem areas can add costs and constrain housing development in some circumstances; however, these areas will not be targeted by the County for affordable housing. County policy directs higher density housing to urban areas where services, such as adequate drainage, are available. Water Water supply is usually not a constraint to development in the county, as abundant groundwater and surface supplies are generally available. However, new housing development in the Town of Chapter 4: Housing Butte County Housing Element May 25, 2004 Background Report 51 Paradise is constrained by a moratorium placed on new water connections by the Paradise Irrigation District. There are eleven public water systems in Butte County. The Lime Saddle Community Services District and the Table Mountain Irrigation District were dissolved and no longer provide service. There are other agencies that provide service that are not considered special districts and are regulated by the Public Utilities Commission. The largest of these agencies is the California Water Service which provides domestic water to a large portion of the Chico and Oroville area. The Del Oro Water Company serves Stirling City, Magalia, and the Lime Saddle area. The delivery capabilities of the county’s community water systems will have to be expanded to serve new residential users. Often, such expansion is simply a matter of adding distribution lines to connect new development to public water supply systems. However, as in the case of the Town of Paradise, significant new conveyance facilities will have to be constructed from local reservoirs, which will be a substantial investment. Also, several of the water systems will require upgraded treatment to assure that minimum state water quality standards are met. Thus, even though capacity exists, several of the water supply distribution systems are in need of improvement. Sewer Waste disposal services are provided by community-wide collection and treatment systems only in the urban areas of Butte County. Rural areas, and areas on the periphery of urban areas, in most cases, use individual, on-site disposal methods (septic systems) for waste disposal. With the exception of Paradise, which lacks a sewer system, and Biggs (where usage has neared capacity), there is excess capacity in every city. Additional capacity may be provided by expansion and/or enlargement of the treatment facilities. In addition to these systems, there are other small community sewer systems in the unincorporated county area serving the following individual developments: Stirling City, Skansen Subdivision, Lake Oroville Area Public Utility District, Richardson Springs Community Service District and Richvale. None of these systems has significant capacity to serve additional residential development. In Chico, Gridley, and Biggs sewage disposal systems are provided by incorporated communities and are available only upon annexation. Oroville services are provided in both incorporated and unincorporated areas. The City of Paradise is served entirely by on-site disposal systems (septic systems). The Sewerage Commission-Oroville Region (SCOR) serves customers through one of three service districts, the City of Oroville, the Lake Oroville Area Public Utility District, or the Thermalito Irrigation District. The Oroville area system, administered by SCOR has substantial unused capacity to serve new unincorporated urban development. Developers would need to reach an agreement with SCOR to expand its service area to include the most likely areas of development north, south, and west of Oroville. Chapter 4: Housing Butte County Housing Element May 25, 2004 Background Report 52 The greatest constraints to the provision of affordable housing are in areas of the county not served by community-wide sewer systems. It should be noted that the extension of distribution lines off existing systems could alleviate these constraints. This is often beyond the capability of the private sector to afford. Grants through State and Federal programs are the most likely resources to alleviate this constraint to affordable housing. Without the development of community sewer systems in unincorporated communities, higher density urban development requiring community sewer systems will be limited primarily to areas within the service range of SCOR. In 1992, the Town of Paradise established a town-wide “wastewater management zone” that oversees the evaluation, management, and maintenance of all existing and future individual sewage systems upon properties located within the town limits. Since 1992, the Town of Paradise has adopted, amended, and administered a specific set of sewage treatment and disposal regulations and standards that have provided policy direction for the service operations of the “waste water management zone.” Development in or adjacent to the Paradise community is somewhat constrained by the suitability of soil on individual properties for on-site septic systems. However, in some locations multifamily residential development can be accommodated with the establishment of on-site special design sewage treatment and disposal systems. Making use of existing sewer systems requires that new housing development be located primarily near the existing cities that offer sewage services. Development elsewhere in the unincorporated county area would be confined to development projects that can use on-site wastewater systems or small-scale wastewater holding facilities. Infrastructure Financing The County is reviewing a new 20-year Capital Improvement Program for approval by the Board of Supervisors. This Capital Improvement Program outlines infrastructure projects associated with road, bridge and safety improvements that will be implemented in one, two to three, 4 to 10, and 11 to 20 year increments. The Department of Public Works has detailed information regarding specific projects that will be carried out within the county. The Department of Public Works is working to develop impact fees for future road improvements and this would be related to the traffic model completed by the Butte County Association of Governments (BCAG). Infrastructure can also be financed on a case-by-case basis during individual project review. On large projects, specific mitigation required under the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) may include off-site infrastructure improvement. In addition, the County has adopted Urban Area fees that are applicable to residential development that help pay for the impacts associated with residential development within the designated Urban Areas of the county. Chapter 4: Housing Butte County Housing Element May 25, 2004 Background Report 53 Summary Public facilities, services and infrastructure are adequate to meet population growth associated with the development of sites identified in this Housing Element. There is adequate water and sewer capacity to meet Butte County’s share of the regional housing need. In many cases, schools will need to expand existing facilities, either through the use of portable classrooms or construction of new buildings. Inventory of Local, State, and Federal Housing and Financing Programs Butte County does not act as a developer in the production of affordable units. Furthermore, the private sector, which can apply for assistance under various state and federal funding programs, has not developed affordable housing projects within the unincorporated area of Butte County. The County has very limited financial resources of its own to allocate for housing. Instead, what funds it receives come from state and federal governments. For example, the County competes for limited Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) funds through the statewide program administered by the Department of Housing and Community Development (HCD). The County’s last CDBG award was in 1998. Repayments from housing rehabilitation loans made with CDBG funds are expected to result in an estimated $154,000 of Program Income annually that will be available for housing activities, such as the rehabilitation loan program. CDBG funds and Program Income have also been used to help install public sewer laterals for Targeted Income Group (TIG) households and to implement a revolving loan program that supports TIG eligible small business micro enterprises. The County has not applied for HOME funds and does not have housing set-aside funds from redevelopment. However, it may be possible for the County to access a portion of the housing set-aside funds from the Chico Redevelopment Agency’s Greater Chico Redevelopment Project Area, which includes some unincorporated areas along with portions of the City of Chico. There are some affordable housing developers active in the county, such as Community Housing Improvement Program (CHIP) and the Housing Authority of Butte County. These organizations have focused their development efforts in the incorporated areas of the county, where there are more development opportunities and better access to services. Habitat for Humanity also has an affiliate working in Butte County on self-help housing, producing one or two homes per year. Finally, the County approved a Use Permit in August 2003 for a 53,000 square foot building to be used in conjunction with a 50-bed adult rehabilitation facility to be operated by the Salvation Army. The facility will treat men and women with chemical addictions. The facility is located north of Chico on Cohasset Road near Diesel Lane, in the unincorporated portion of the county. The Housing Authority of Butte County The Housing Authority of Butte County administers a traditional public housing program, farm labor housing, and Housing Choice Vouchers and also provides additional affordable rental units under its open market rental program. The Housing Authority owns 345 units of public housing Chapter 4: Housing Butte County Housing Element May 25, 2004 Background Report 54 located in Chico (145), Oroville (130), Gridley (50), and Biggs (20). None of these public housing units is located in the unincorporated area of the county. However, the 136 units of farm labor housing are located outside of Gridley in the unincorporated area of the county. The Housing Authority also administers 1,846 Housing Choice Vouchers, which can be used throughout the county. There is a very long waiting list for the vouchers – at least three years. There are 1,669 households on the list. There are also 475 households on the list for the public housing units. The Housing Authority also owns and manages several rental housing projects developed under other programs, such as the low-income tax credit program. There are 360 units in this category, with three projects in Chico and one in Oroville. Butte County Department of Behavioral Health – SEARCH Program In 2000, the Butte County Department of Behavioral Health was awarded a five-year grant under AB 2034, the Chronic Homeless Initiative. The grant provides $750,000 per year for case management, direct rental assistance, and other services for homeless residents with severe mental illness and alcohol or drug addiction (the dually diagnosed). The caseload is approximately 50 participants at any one time. Program staff find landlords willing to rent units to program participants. Butte County Housing Rehabilitation Program Butte County has operated a housing rehabilitation loan and grant program for over twenty years. As of 2003, consultant, Connerly & Associates, administers the County’s housing rehabilitation programs, which are available to owner occupants as well as to owners of rental property in the unincorporated area. The maximum loan amount is $40,000, and the interest rate is 3 percent. According to Connerly & Associates, there have been 16 grants and 30 loans made under the program since 1998. As of the end of March 2003, there were seven pending applications. CDBG funds from HCD as well as program income from loans as they are repaid provide financial support to the housing rehabilitation loan program. According to the County, there are 182 outstanding loans under the program as of April, 2003. Community Action Agency of Butte County The Community Action Agency of Butte County, Inc. (CAABCI) administers several programs that assist low-income households in Butte County. The home weatherization program includes energy education, door weather-stripping, window repair, duct repair, insulation, furnace replacement, and other energy-saving measures. Since the inception of the Weatherization Assistance Program, over 25,000 homes have been weatherized – representing over 33,000 low- income and elderly persons. Chapter 4: Housing Butte County Housing Element May 25, 2004 Background Report 55 Finally, the Utility Assistance Program provides utility payment assistance to income eligible residents. Payment assistance includes help with gas and electric bills or help with wood, propane, or oil heating bills. CAABCI also operates the Esplanade House, a transitional housing shelter. The Esplanade House is located in Chico and provides a transitional shelter program designed to provide shelter and essential services for homeless families in Butte County. The goal of the program is to assist homeless families become self-sufficient and to help minimize the risk of future homelessness. Assisted Housing Projects The Housing Authority’s farm labor housing project east of Gridley is the only assisted housing located in the unincorporated part of the county. This project provides 136 units of family housing for farm labor workers as defined by USDA Rural Development. Development of affordable housing projects has occurred in the incorporated areas of the county in Chico, Oroville, Paradise and Gridley. There have been no affordable housing projects built in the unincorporated areas of the county. This is primarily due to the fact that the cities offer sites that already have the required infrastructure and that are close to needed services. For example, multifamily housing is built in cities, since they have sewer systems, while most housing units built in unincorporated Butte County rely on septic systems, and therefore are either single family or duplex units. Furthermore, the cities often are able to provide some financial assistance, such as redevelopment housing set-aside funds, to developers of affordable housing. However, there are two sub-areas with sewer districts: Thermalito and South Oroville. Thus, if affordable multifamily housing were to be built in the unincorporated area, Thermalito and South Oroville would be the most likely sub-areas. Funding Programs There are several local, state, and federal funding programs that can be used to assist first-time homebuyers, build affordable housing, and help special needs groups, such as seniors and large households. In most cases other entities, including for-profit and non-profit developers, apply for funds or other program benefits. For example, developers apply directly to USDA for Section 515 loans or to HUD for Section 202 and Section 811 loans or to the California Tax Credit Allocation Committee (TCAC) for low-income tax credits. The County can help sponsor grant and loan applications, provide matching funds, or furnish land at below-market cost. However, there are also programs, such as CalHFA’s HELP program, to which the County applies directly. Finally, there are a few programs, such as the Mortgage Credit Certificate (MCC) Program or the Lease Purchase Program, to which individual households apply. County financial support of private sector applications for funding to outside agencies is very important. Funding provided by the County can be used as matching funds required of some Chapter 4: Housing Butte County Housing Element May 25, 2004 Background Report 56 programs. Local funding is also used for leverage. County support of private sector applications enhances the competitive advantage of each application for funds. CDBG grants are the primary source of funding currently received by Butte County for housing activities. Efforts are currently underway to consolidate the management of both the housing and economic development sides of the CDBG program. This consolidation will not result in less money for housing. In fact, there should be a higher level of dedicated funds available for housing. In addition, with a single manager for both programs, the County will be better able to manage, coordinate, and leverage program income. Preserving At-Risk Units As discussed above, there are no assisted housing developments that are located in the unincorporated areas of the county except the farmworker housing that is owned and managed by the Housing Authority of Butte County. Information from the California Housing Partnership regarding developments with expiring subsidies identified several projects, all of which are located in the cities of Chico or Oroville. Chapter 4: Housing Butte County Housing Element May 25, 2004 Background Report 57 4.4 CONSTRAINTS AND INCENTIVES Potential Constraints to the Development of Housing Potential Government Constraints There are a number of local regulatory requirements and incentives that affect the production of housing in Butte County, including parking requirements, residential densities, heights and setbacks, standards for second units, and other standards. This section defines these standards and assesses whether any serves as a constraint to affordable housing development. Land Use Controls The County’s subdivision ordinance, zoning, as well as other land use controls provide the framework within which development may take place. Table 4-32 below shows the five residential land use designations in the Butte County General Plan. The table shows the allowable primary and secondary uses, and intensity of use from the existing Land Use Element. Chapter 4: Housing Butte County Housing Element May 25, 2004 Background Report 58 TABLE 4-32 RESIDENTIAL LAND USE DESIGNATIONS IN THE BUTTE COUNTY GENERAL PLAN Land Use Designation Primary Uses Secondary Uses Intensity of Use Foothill Area Residential FAR Single family dwellings at rural densities. Agricultural uses, animal husbandry, home occupations, resource extraction and processing, forestry, outdoor recreational facilities, environmental preservation activities, airports, utilities, public and quasi-public uses, dwellings, group quarters, care homes, and other secondary uses which are consistent with the Foothill Area Residential designation. Minimum parcel size of one to forty acres, with the specific density being subject to the zoning factors and development criteria listed below. Agricultural Residential AR Agricultural uses and single family dwellings at rural densities. Animal husbandry, forestry, intense animal uses, home occupations, mining, outdoor recreation facilities, environmental preservation activities, airports, utilities, public and quasi-public uses, group quarters, care homes and transient lodging. Minimum parcel size of one to forty acres. One single family dwelling per parcel. Home occupations, farm animals, other uses and setbacks regulated to maintain rural character. Low Density Residential LDR Detached single family dwellings at urban densities. Agricultural uses, animal husbandry, home occupations, outdoor recreation facilities, utilities, public and quasi- public uses, group quarters and care homes. Zoning allows net parcel sizes of one acre to 6,500 square feet. One single family dwelling per parcel with other residential uses limited to a maximum density of 6 dwelling units per gross acre. (1) Home occupations, farm animals, other uses and setbacks regulated to maintain single family residential character. Medium Density Residential MDR A mixture of urban residential uses, including, detached single family homes, condominiums, multiple- dwelling structures, mobile home parks, group quarters and care homes. Home occupations, professional and business offices, outdoor recreation facilities, utilities, public and quasi-public uses. Zoning allows net parcel size of 6,500 square feet. Maximum density of 13 dwelling units per gross acre with group quarters and care homes limited to similar densities. (2) Home occupations, commercial uses, other uses and setbacks regulated to maintain residential character. High Density Residential HDR Higher-density urban residential uses, including condominiums, multiple- dwelling structures, mobile home parks, group quarters and care homes. Home occupations, professional and business offices, outdoor recreation facilities, utilities, public and quasi-public uses. Zoning allows parcel sizes of 6,500 square feet. Maximum density of 20 dwelling units per gross acre with group quarters and care homes limited to similar densities. Home occupations, commercial uses, other uses and setbacks regulated to maintain residential character.* Source: Butte County Zoning Ordinance. (1) Developments with densities in excess of 4 dwelling units per gross acre utilizing septic waste disposal systems must meet Health Department requirements and be clustered (PA-C) or be provided with sewer service. (2) For areas dependent upon septic tank waste disposal, soil conditions and the effluent volume based on the number of bedrooms will determine the actual number of units per acre not to exceed 13 dwelling units per gross acre in any case. Chapter 4: Housing Butte County Housing Element May 25, 2004 Background Report 59 Table 4-33 below shows the zoning districts in Butte County. There are 29 residential zones in Butte County in several categories, including agricultural-residential, foothill recreational, mobile home, suburban residential, and other. The special zones “PUD” and “MHP” are also targeted to residential use. Most non-residential zones also allow one single family dwelling per parcel either by right or with a use permit. TABLE 4-33 BUTTE COUNTY ZONING DISTRICTS Zone Description Residential: Agricultural-Residential A-R Agricultural-Residential AR-1/2 Agricultural-Residential, 1/2-acre parcels AR-1 Agricultural-Residential, 1-acre parcels AR-2-1/2 Agricultural-Residential, 2-1/2-acre parcels AR-5 Agricultural-Residential, 5-acre parcels AR-10 Agricultural-Residential, 10-acre parcels A-SR Agricultural-Suburban Residential Residential: Foothill Recreational FR-1 Foothill Recreational, 1-acre parcels FR-2 Foothill Recreational, 2-acre parcels FR-3 Foothill Recreational, 3-acre parcels FR-5 Foothill Recreational, 5-acre parcels FR-10 Foothill Recreational, 10-acre parcels FR-20 Foothill Recreational, 20-acre parcels FR-40 Foothill Recreational, 40-acre parcels FR-160 Foothill Recreational, 160-acre parcels Residential R-1 Residential (6500/7000 sq. ft.) R-2 Residential (6500/7000 sq. ft.) R-3 Residential (6500/7000 sq. ft.) R-4 Residential (6500/7000 sq. ft.) Residential: Mobile Home RT-1 Minimum Density Residential - Mobile Home RT-1/2 Medium Density Residential Mobile Home RT-1-A Minimum Density Residential Trailer - 1 acre parcels Residential: Suburban Residential S-R Suburban Residential SR-1/2 Suburban Residential, 1/2-acre parcels SR-1 Suburban Residential, 1-acre parcels SR-3 Suburban Residential, 3-acre parcels SR-5 Suburban Residential, 5-acre parcels Residential: Other M-R Mountain or Recreational Subdivision - Residential R-N Residential-Nonconforming Commercial C-1 Light Commercial C-2 General Commercial C-C Community Commercial H-C Highway Commercial N-C Neighborhood Commercial R-P Residential-Professional Office Industrial L-I Limited Industrial M-1 Light Industrial M-2 Heavy Industrial Agricultural A-5 Agricultural, 5-acre parcels A-10 Agricultural, 10-acre parcels Chapter 4: Housing Butte County Housing Element May 25, 2004 Background Report 60 Zone Description A-15 Agricultural, 15-acre parcels A-20 Agricultural, 20-acre parcels A-40 Agricultural, 40-acre parcels A-160 Agricultural, 160-acre parcels Timber C-F Commercial Forestry TM-1 Timber Mountain, 1-acre parcels TM-2 Timber Mountain, 2-acre parcels TM-2-1/2 Timber Mountain, 2-1/2-acre parcels TM-3 Timber Mountain, 3-acre parcels TM-5 Timber Mountain, 5-acre parcels TM-10 Timber Mountain, 10-acre parcels TM-20 Timber Mountain, 20-acre parcels TM-40 Timber Mountain, 40-acre parcels TM-160 Timber Mountain, 160-acre parcels TPZ-160 Timber Preserve, 160-acre parcels Special Zones A-Z Airport MHP Mobile Home Park PUD Planned Unit Development P-Q Public, Quasi-Public R-C Resource Conservation S-H Scenic Highway U Unclassified WP Watershed Protection Overlay Source: Butte County Department of Development Services, Butte County Zoning Ordinance. Table 4-34 below lists the allowable residential uses for the R-1, R-2, R-3, and R-4 zones in Butte County. In the table, “C” means a Conditional Use Permit is required, “MU” means a Minor Use Permit is required, and “A” means an Administrative Permit is required. TABLE 4-34 ALLOWABLE RESIDENTIAL USES BUTTE COUNTY R-1, R-2, R-3, AND R-4 ZONES Zone R-1 R-2 R-3 R-4 Single family dwellings Yes Yes Yes Yes Duplex or zero lot line single family dwelling (half-plex)No Yes Yes Yes Multiple-family dwellings, apartments, and condominiums and townhouses No No Yes Yes Licensed family, foster, or group homes in conjunction with six (6) or fewer individuals on a twenty-four-hour basis Yes Yes Yes Yes The use of a single family residence as a small family day care home, licensed family care home, foster home, or group home for mentally disordered or otherwise handicapped persons or neglected children. Said homes shall serve six or fewer persons and shall be subject to all applicable state regulations and limitations Yes Yes Yes Yes Mobile home parks meeting the standards of Sections 24-305.285 and 24-205 (MHP) C C C C Rest homes, convalescent homes, and sanitariums for more than six residents No C C C Licensed family, foster or group homes in conjunction with seven or more persons and day care facilities for over twelve children C C C C Large family day care facilities subject to the requirements of Section 24-265 MU MU MU MU Second Dwelling Unit subject to the requirements of Section 24-280 C Yes Yes Yes A temporary mobile home subject to the requirements of Section 24-295 and 24- 295.10 A A A A Source: Butte County Zoning Ordinance Chapter 4: Housing Butte County Housing Element May 25, 2004 Background Report 61 Parking Standards Since the need for more required parking spaces directly affects land utilization, parking requirements are one of the development standards that impact the cost of new housing. Butte Country parking standards are as follows:3 • Single family homes require two spaces. • For multifamily uses, one parking space is required per bedroom, with a minimum of two spaces per dwelling unit, one of which must be covered. There must also be additional guest parking spaces equal to 20 percent of the number of units. • In lots with 11 or more spaces, 40 percent of required spaces may be compact. Compact spaces shall be seven and a half feet by sixteen feet except when located alongside a structure, pole, post, wall, or fence, in which case a nine-foot width is required. There are some elements of the parking standards for multifamily housing that increase the cost of housing development. For example, in reviewing existing parking requirements, the County may wish to give consideration to reducing the requirement for studio units and units with three or more bedrooms, since these requirements may be overly demanding. In addition, the County may wish to consider creating a reduced standard for affordable housing, since such units generally have a lower parking demand than market-rate units. In addition, consideration should be given to reducing or eliminating the covered parking requirement for affordable units. Secondary Dwelling Unit Policies The County’s standards for second unit development are typical of California cities and counties. Butte County has adopted a set of second dwelling unit standards that are intended to facilitate second unit development. Facilitating second unit development can expand the affordable housing supply without financial assistance. The Butte County standards for second units are as follows: • Second units may be developed on any residential lot. • Second units must conform to the same setback and lot coverage requirements as the main unit, and must maintain the appearance of a single unit dwelling. • The parcel or lot upon which the second unit is to be located must meet the minimum acreage requirement for which the parcel or lot is zoned. • Adequate sewer and potable water facilities shall be provided as determined by the Butte County Environmental Health Division. • The unit can be no larger than 640 square feet or 30 percent of the size of the primary dwelling, whichever is greater, but cannot exceed 1,200 square feet. • Additional units over 640 square feet must provide one off-street parking space; larger units must provide two. • An attached or detached garage or carport with a maximum exterior dimension of 12 feet by 20 feet is permitted for second units of 640 square feet or less. A garage or carport 3 Butte County Zoning Code General Development Regulations. Chapter 4: Housing Butte County Housing Element May 25, 2004 Background Report 62 with a maximum exterior dimension of 20 feet by 24 feet is permitted for larger second units. • One or the other of the units must be owner occupied. 4 • The second unit may be attached to the primary residence or may be a separate, on-site, detached dwelling. • An attached second unit shall be architecturally compatible with the primary residence and the appearance of the building shall be that of a single family dwelling. • A second unit may not be placed on a parcel or lot where a temporary mobile home, in accordance with Section 24-295 and 24-295.10, has been approved or on a lot that has more than one dwelling unit located upon it. Site Development Standards Table 4-35 below lists the minimum lot size and setbacks for the R-1, R-2, R-3, and R-4 zones. The lowest density in the R-1 zone is up to six units per acre, while the highest density in the R-4 district is up to 20 units per acre. However, much of the land upon which residential development can occur in unincorporated Butte County is not included in one of the these four residential zones and instead is zoned for larger parcels (exceeding one acre). There are no local or UBC ordinances that limit the height of residential structures. The Butte County Zoning Ordinance does not address maximum building heights for residential structures in the R-1 through R-4 zones. The UBC does provide guidance about how high structures can be built using various materials such as steel, wood, and concrete. The County has adopted new standards in several unincorporated urban areas for street, gutters, sidewalks, and drainage in 2002 (Butte County Improvement Standards, June 2002). In general, the County has required slightly wider rights-of-way, about four to five feet, in developing unincorporated communities to accommodate a more urban level of street service (curbs, gutters, and sidewalks) and to accommodate emergency access. The aggregate base requirements have been increased to ensure that streets can be used year-round and will not require as frequent resurfacing. A fee has also been imposed to ensure that new developments have adequate water delivery pressure to meet fire suppression needs. The County has required drainage improvements for new developments to avoid flooding. Developments in the unincorporated area have, historically, been constructed to much lower standards typical of rural densities. These new development standards have added to the cost of development in the unincorporated area, but they are necessary to ensure that developments in the unincorporated areas, particularly those of more than four dwelling units per acre, can meet minimum health and safety standards for fire protection, flood protection, year-round road use, and pedestrian safety. The County has embraced the City of Chico standards requiring median landscaping and parkways between the sidewalks and curb/gutter in the Chico urban areas, outside the incorporated portions of the city. As the County continues to approve developments at suburban and urban-level densities, it will need to continue to refine its development standards to ensure that health and safety concerns are 4 Zoning ordinance. Specific use requirements. Chapter 4: Housing Butte County Housing Element May 25, 2004 Background Report 63 balanced against affordable housing concerns. It is important, therefore, for the County to continue to evaluate its development standards. TABLE 4-35 SITE DEVELOPMENT STANDARDS BUTTE COUNTY R-1, R-2, R-3, AND R-4 ZONES R-1 R-2 R-3 R-4 Parcel size (sq. ft.)*6,500 *6,500 *6,500 *6,500 Corner lot *7,000 *7,000 *7,000 *7,000 Split single family on zero lot line (Half- plex)N/A 4,000 4,000 4,000 Split single family on zero lot line (Corner) N/A 5,000 5,000 5,000 Building site area per unit (sq. ft.) with two off-street parking spaces 6,500 3,250 3,250 2,150 Parcel width (feet) at setback line: (Interior)65 50 50 50 (Corner)70 65 55 55 Public street frontage Curve or cul-de-sac (ft)40 40 40 40 Front yard setback (ft): (From edge of ultimate right-of- way)20 20 20 20 (Side street prop. line**)10 10 10 10 Side yard setback (feet)5 5 5 5 Rear yard setback (feet)15 10 5 5 Distance between buildings on same parcel (feet)10 10 10 10 Parking: Two off-street parking spaces per unit are required for single family dwellings and one per bedroom, but no less than two per unit are required for multifamily dwellings in all residential zones. Notes: * On public sewage disposal service. All other lots to meet requirements of the Environmental Health Division for septic systems. ** Or edge of right-of-way on private roads. Source: Butte County Zoning Ordinance. Growth Controls/Growth Management Butte County does not have a growth management plan or growth controls. Processing and Permit Procedures Developers must negotiate several steps to secure all necessary approvals to build housing on a given parcel of land. From the standpoint of the County, this process is necessary to ensure that new development adequately complies with local regulations that are meant to ensure the health, safety, and welfare of the entire community. From the developer’s standpoint, this process can complicate and lengthen the development process, increasing the difficulty and cost to develop new housing. Following is a brief description of the process to obtain entitlements to construct housing on currently vacant land in Butte County. Table 4-36 presents information on typical processing times for a various steps required for residential project approvals. Chapter 4: Housing Butte County Housing Element May 25, 2004 Background Report 64 TABLE 4-36 SCHEDULE OF RESIDENTIAL PROCESSING TIMES, BUTTE COUNTY Residential Approvals Approximate Processing Time (Days) Rezonings 180 Use Permits Requiring Public Hearings 90-120 Planned Unit Residential Development 180 Amendment To The Butte County Zoning Code, Specific Plan Or General Plan 180 Tentative and Parcel Maps 4 Lots Or Less Over 4 Lots 90 – 120 Variance 90-120 Appeals To Board of Supervisors 30 – 90 Environmental Documentation Varies from 180 to 365 Source: Butte County, Planning Division The following is a summary of Butte County’s processing and permit procedures for residential development: • Multiple family dwellings, apartments and condominiums are allowed in R-3 and R-4 zones by right and require building permits only. • Duplexes are allowed in R-2, R-3, and R-4 zones by right and require a building permit only. • Single family dwellings are allowed in all zones by right with a building permit only, except in the Research and Business Park and Industrial zones. • All other zones allow multi-family dwellings with a use permit. Subdivision Approval Given a parcel of land with appropriate General Plan designation and zoning classification, the length of time required for subdivision approval can vary, depending on several factors which are described below. Nevertheless, Butte County's subdivision process follows the statutory requirements of the State Subdivision Map Act, which ensures that local jurisdictions adhere to a reasonable time schedule when acting on subdivision applications. According to the Subdivision Map Act, local jurisdictions must approve or deny a subdivision application within one year if an EIR is required and within six months if a negative declaration is required. The subdivision approval process is straightforward in Butte County. Once an application is deemed complete, public hearings before the Planning Commission are required. The Planning Commission action is final, but may be appealed to the Board of Supervisors. Depending on the size of the subdivision and specific site development issues, varying levels of environmental review, pursuant to the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA), are also required. Most subdivisions typically require an Initial Study and Negative Declaration, Mitigated Negative Declaration, or Environmental Impact Report. Chapter 4: Housing Butte County Housing Element May 25, 2004 Background Report 65 Building Permits The Building Division strives to review building plans and issue permits in approximately two weeks for a typical single family dwelling, and about four weeks for a typical multifamily structure. Incomplete plans, or plans requiring revisions, will delay the plan check approval and permit issue process. Construction may commence immediately once a building permit is issued. In summary, Butte County's processing and permit procedures are reasonable and comparable to those in other California communities. The permit process only increases in complexity and duration when the circumstances of individual projects warrant extra consideration on the part of local staff and officials. This is especially true of the environmental review component of the process, yet Butte County has little flexibility to change this, CEQA specifies procedures that local jurisdictions must observe in reviewing the impacts of development projects. Open Space and Park Requirements Butte County does not place park and recreation requirements or fees on new development. Inclusionary Requirements Butte County does not have an inclusionary zoning ordinance. Density Bonus The Zoning Ordinance contains density bonus allowance provisions that comply with the State Density Bonus Law. There are no additional density bonuses. The lack of additional density bonuses is not a constraint. Building Codes and Enforcement Through building codes and other land use requirements, local government influences the style, quality, size, and costs of residential development. Restrictive regulations may adversely affect the ability of the industry to provide housing at affordable prices for a significant portion of the population. While the County must, by state law, adopt and implement the requirements of various uniform construction codes, as amended by the state, Butte County attempts to apply these codes as flexibly as is possible under state law. No local amendments to these codes have been adopted. Butte County conducts nuisance abatement and other code enforcement activities on a complaint basis and in response to incidental identification of problems. The County has passed a Nuisance Abatement Ordinance that authorizes the County to initiate appropriate action against owners of properties with public nuisances. A component of this Ordinance calls for the case-by-case removal of dilapidated dwellings. Another component of this Ordinance requires the property owners to pay for the costs of abatement. Chapter 4: Housing Butte County Housing Element May 25, 2004 Background Report 66 On/Off–Site Improvement Requirements Previous subsections in this Housing Element discussed the extension of infrastructure, such as roads, sewers, water and drainage to accommodate new development. Since the County lacks financial resources with which to help developers provide infrastructure to new developments, it is the developers’ responsibility to connect to and augment existing systems. Potentially problematic infrastructure areas were discussed in Section 4.3 and include the following: • Rural areas and areas on the periphery of urban areas use septic systems for waste disposal. With the exception of Paradise and Biggs, there is excess capacity in every city. Thus, new residential development in the unincorporated county areas adjacent to the other three Butte County cities can be connected to existing sewer systems. However, developers building new housing in rural areas must provide individual septic systems for waste disposal. • Traffic impacts must be considered when building new homes. Developers are responsible for making any needed road improvements to accommodate growth. This is a particular problem for the Paradise Ridge Area. • With the exception of the Paradise area, lack of drainage can be a problem for expanded development. Again, it is the responsibility of developers to address drainage issues. • Although the county has sufficient water supplies, in some areas the delivery system and water treatment are not adequate to meet demands from new residential development. Other on-site improvements, such as curbs, gutters, and sidewalks, reflect urban standards and are not particularly onerous for new development. These regulations are less stringent than many communities across California, and as such do not represent an undue constraint on the development of affordable housing. The following is a summary of Butte County’s site improvement standards for subdivisions with 5 or more lots, planned unit developments and condominium units: Roads Urban development within urban areas and adjacent to a city shall comply with the city standards for road development. All private roads shall be capable of supporting a minimum load of 40,000 pounds. The typical RS-3 standard for rural subdivision valley roads would require a 28’ width road plus shoulders constructed of 2” asphalt over 8” base. An arterial or major collector would be 36’ road width plus shoulders with 3’ asphalt over 12” base. Curb, gutter and sidewalk are not required. The typical RS-7 standard for rural subdivision private roads is compacted gravel. Curb, gutter and sidewalk are not required. The Chapman-Mulberry very low-income housing area has a variety of standards to embrace the existing variance of road styles. An example is a 16’ road plus 8’ parking with 2” asphalt over 8” base with valley gutters. Sidewalks are not required. Chapter 4: Housing Butte County Housing Element May 25, 2004 Background Report 67 In the North Chico Specific Plan area with R-3 zoning (high density), a typical road would be 32’ in width with a parking strip, 7’ planting area and a 4’ sidewalk. The road would be constructed of 2” asphalt over 8” base. The Butte County Code allows an applicant to request an exception to sidewalk, curb and gutter standards as per section 20-4 which states “The hearing body in an action relative to a matter before it may authorize exceptions to any of the requirements and regulations relative to the design of a subdivision”. Drainage The project shall be protected from inundation, flood hazard, sheet overflow and ponding of local storm water, springs and other surface water. Sewage Disposal When a subdivision is located within a reasonable distance of an existing, operable and available public or community sewage system, and it is practical and feasible to sewer the proposed subdivision by connecting to said system, the subdivider shall be required to sewer the proposed subdivision to said system. If it is not practical or feasible to sewer a subdivision by connecting to an existing community or public sewer system, or if such system is unable to provide the subdivision with sewer service, the subdivider may provide for sewer service by the development of a community sewer system with treatment and disposal facilities. If public or community sewer service is not provided, individual sewage disposal systems may be permitted, provided the proposed subdivision meets the minimum criteria set forth in Appendix VII of the Butte County Code. Water Individual wells or public water systems are allowed. Individual wells are not acceptable for a subdivision of more than 10 lots and less than 700 feet from a public water system whose service area includes and can include the subdivision. Watershed Area Constraints In the Firhaven Creek, Paradise Reservoir, and Magalia Reservoir watershed areas, there are additional development constraints governing land use, sewage disposal, streets, drainage, and sewer connections. These regulations are listed in the Municipal Zoning Ordinance in Section 24-235.10. Although these requirements increase the cost of construction, they are necessary for residential development in the R-1 and higher density districts. Development Fees and Exactions Depending on the location of a proposed residential development, various individual impact fees for residential development can range from $360 to $3,402 for a single family dwelling unit and from $252 to $2,229 for a multifamily dwelling unit. The total amount of fees applicable to a Chapter 4: Housing Butte County Housing Element May 25, 2004 Background Report 68 given residence can be higher if several different fees are applicable at a given location. The Butte County Building Division can provide a total amount based upon any given location. In addition to the development fees, the County must collect $2.14 per square foot, or $3,210 for an average 1,500 square foot home in local school impact fees. These fees are relatively low in comparison to those charged in most urban communities. They do represent an added development cost which could affect the financial feasibility of some affordable housing developments, however. The County could mitigate the impact of these fees on low-income housing by reducing or deferring the fees for certain types of development or by seeking state or federal subsidies that can help to defray necessary public costs for which the fees are charged. The following is a list of the major planning fees in Butte County which increased on February 1, 2004, after a fee study was completed and adopted by Board of Supervisors: • Rezone $5,499 (deposit) • Lot Line Adjustment: $555 • Variance: $1,297 • General Plan Amendment: $8,018 • Conditional Use Permit: $2,970 • Subdivision Map $3,478 State of California, Article 34 Article 34 of the State Constitution requires voter approval for specified “low rent” housing projects that involve certain types of public agency participation. Generally, a project is subject to Article 34 if more than 49 percent of its units will be rented to low-income persons. If a project is subject to Article 34, it will require an approval from the local electorate. This can constrain the production of affordable housing, since the process to seek ballot approval for affordable housing projects can be costly and time consuming, with no guarantee of success. The provisions of Article 34 allow local jurisdictions to seek voter approval for “general authority” to develop low-income housing without identifying specific projects or sites. If the electorate approves general parameters for certain types of affordable housing development, the local jurisdiction will be able to move more quickly in response to housing opportunities that fall within those parameters. Thus far, Butte County has not built housing itself. Thus, it has not needed Article 34 authorization. The only assisted project in unincorporated Butte County is the County Housing Authority's farm labor units outside of Gridley. The Executive Director of the Housing Authority of Butte County indicated that the Housing Authority has unused authorization under Article 34. Development, Maintenance, and Improvement of Housing for Persons with Disabilities The following text describes Butte County’s current (2004) regulations and practices for accommodating persons with disabilities. Butte County has reviewed its zoning laws, policies and practices for compliance with fair housing law. Chapter 4: Housing Butte County Housing Element May 25, 2004 Background Report 69 Butte County does not have a formal process for individuals with disabilities to make requests for reasonable accommodation with respect to zoning, permit processing, or building laws. Butte County has made efforts to remove constraints on housing for persons with disabilities as follows. Both single family and multifamily housing in Butte County may accommodate persons with disabilities. State laws and building codes mandate accessibility provisions for certain types and sizes of housing developments. On a local level, the County’s Zoning Ordinance allows for Small Community Care residential uses by right in its residential zones and in several of its non- residential zones. These facilities must serve six (6) or fewer persons and are subject to all applicable State regulations and limitations. This use includes small congregate living facilities, housing for the developmentally disabled, small rest homes and similar housing. The Zoning Ordinance also allows for licensed family, foster or group homes in conjunction with seven (7) or more persons in its residential zones by Use Permit. Butte County does not restrict the siting of group homes and does not have occupancy standards in the zoning code that apply specifically to unrelated adults and not to families. The community input process for the approval of group homes does not differ from that of other types of residential development. Butte County does not have specific requirements for group homes that provide services on-site. The Land Use Element does not regulate the siting of special needs housing in relationship to one another. In 2002, the County adopted the 1997 version of the California Building Code, including Title 24 regulations of the code dealing with accessibility for disabled persons. The County has not adopted any additional universal design elements in its building code beyond Title 24 requirements. Parking requirements for housing for persons with disabilities may also pose a constraint. Butte County requires parking for people with disabilities in accordance with the recommendations of the Division of the State Architect (Title 24 California State Accessibility Standards, State Architectural Regulations for Accommodation of the Physically Handicapped in Public Facilities). Finally, one more potential constraint to addressing access for persons with disabilities could be setback and other physical standards specified by the Zoning Ordinance. Front or side yard setback standards for example, could potentially conflict with retrofitting a building with a wheelchair ramp. These setbacks are generally established to ensure that visibility is maintained for vehicles on county roads and driveways. The County has established variance procedures to permit development within the setback when it can be determined that such variance will not be detrimental to the public welfare, injurious to other property, and that special circumstances exist that would deprive the property owner of privileges enjoyed by other properties in the vicinity. Other Standards Additional ways of lowering housing costs include the use of manufactured housing units and developing mixed-use housing. Manufactured housing is less expensive to purchase and install than is the construction of site- built houses. The 2000 Census indicated that there were 10,294 mobile homes and manufactured Chapter 4: Housing Butte County Housing Element May 25, 2004 Background Report 70 units in unincorporated Butte County, constituting 25 percent of available housing units. Thus, manufactured housing units and mobile homes make up an important component of unincorporated Butte County’s housing supply. Section 24-205 of the Zoning Ordinance establishes standards for Mobile Home Parks and Section 24-295 establishes standards for manufactured housing and mobile homes sited on single family lots. Both these sections support manufactured housing and mobile homes in Butte County Mixed-use developments are another way to reduce housing costs. For example, parking can be shared, thereby reducing the amount of land required. However, mixed-use development, in which the residential component is an important land use, is not typical in Butte County. The primary mixed- use project in Butte County would be the development of one residential unit in association with the development of a commercial building. This arrangement allows the owner of the business to live on the premises, but does not significantly add housing units. Local Efforts to Remove Barriers Based on the foregoing discussion of governmental constraints, three potential constraints to the construction of affordable housing have been identified. These include environmental constraints, infrastructure inadequacies, and multifamily housing parking requirements. First, environmental factors described below in the underlying aquifer area influence the number of affordable residential sites in unincorporated Butte County. During the time frame of the housing element update period, it is unlikely that this situation can change. Environmental constraints include the following: • Protection of agricultural land in the valley portion of the county • Protection of the aquifer and recharge areas. • Limitations on development within the county from the Endangered Species Act, Clean Water Act, and other Federal and State Legislation concerning environmental protection. A second consideration is lack of infrastructure. Infrastructure constraints include the following: • Dependence on septic systems in some areas of the county restricts the number, type, and density of housing units that can be built. • In most cases, municipal or other sewer service cannot be extended into the rural areas of the county. • Needed road improvements, drainage and water delivery systems are the financial responsibility of developers. Although Butte County has not established unreasonable off- and on-site requirements, it does not have the financial resources to provide the needed infrastructure improvements. Thus, the cost burden of needed off-site improvements is shifted to developers. In the event that developers cannot sell homes at a price that covers needed infrastructure, this lack of county-financed infrastructure may prevent new residential development. Chapter 4: Housing Butte County Housing Element May 25, 2004 Background Report 71 Finally, there are some elements of the parking standards for multifamily housing that increase the cost of housing development. For example, in reviewing existing parking requirements, the County may wish to give consideration to reducing the requirement for studio units and units with three or more bedrooms, since these requirements may be overly demanding. To some extent, Butte County provides some flexibility in its parking standards. Butte County Code Section 24.240.10 (q) indicates that in the event that public transportation, park-and-ride lots or van-pooling is available, off-street parking requirements may be modified to lesser standards if approved by the director of development services. However, the County should nevertheless review the parking standards for multifamily housing to determine if standards are having a deleterious effect on multifamily housing development and if new standards can be adopted that would better serve this type of land use. In addition, consideration should be given to reducing or eliminating the covered parking requirement for affordable housing units. Potential Non-Government Constraints Cost factors, such as financing, land, and construction, have traditionally constituted the principal non-governmental constraints to the development of affordable housing. In addition to these development costs, Butte County also faces environmental constraints due to the geography and geology of the area. These constraints are also discussed in the following subsection. Availability of Financing In the early 1990s, there was much discussion in the regional and national press of a “credit- crunch” that made it difficult for developers to obtain financing for new real estate projects. In fact, financial institutions did reduce lending activity in response to more stringent regulations. However, these reforms addressed lending abuses associated primarily with very risky projects that were conceived with little relation to project economics and underlying market conditions. One aspect of financing that does differ from the early 1990s is that lending institutions generally require greater contributions of equity from developers to ensure that developers share in the risk of the project by committing their own money. In this respect, financing is less likely to be available to developers who are not financially sound, and lack the appropriate contribution of their own capital. For credit-worthy projects, residential construction loan rates are at relatively low levels due to the low inflation levels that have prevailed since 2000. Low interest rates also reflect deliberate monetary policy selected by the Federal Reserve Board to spur economic growth. These relatively low interest rates are expected to continue for the remainder of the Housing Element planning period. This is a benefit to homebuilders, who can take advantage of the interest savings on construction financing to reduce their overall cost to develop new housing. The relative benefit of lower construction financing interest rates depends on the length of time the financing is required, and the amount financed. Finally, lower interest rates also benefit buyers who can afford to buy relatively costlier homes for the same monthly payment. Chapter 4: Housing Butte County Housing Element May 25, 2004 Background Report 72 Land Costs Land costs for housing sites in unincorporated Butte County vary widely, since there is no typical lot. Land adjacent to incorporated cities is the most valuable, since it can be annexed to the closest city and likely can be connected to an existing sewer line. This reduces on-site improvement costs considerably. For example, Thermalito and South Oroville are the two unincorporated county areas that provide sewer hook-ups. In unincorporated area near Chico, the lots must be at least one acre, unless they are connected to a sewer. As of 2003, raw land costs are about $150,000 to $175,000 per acre near Chico. Upon securing the raw land, a residential developer would have to make certain site improvements to “finish” the lot before a home could actually be built on the property. Such improvements would include connections to existing utility systems, rough grading, construction of streets, installation of water, and sewer lines, and construction of curbs, gutters, and sidewalks. Regardless of whether an owner installs a manufactured housing unit on a property site or builds a home on-site, the type of wastewater disposal system is a key factor affecting costs. For example, a sewer hook-up and installation in Thermalito will run around $1,900. However, a septic system ranges from $3,000 to $20,000. The higher figure is for a sand filtration system that stops nitrates from leaching into the ground water. According to a local developer, typical site improvement costs for single family lots are estimated at about $30,000 for a 6,000 square foot lot. A finished lot in Chico runs between $55,000 to $65,000. For South Oroville, finished lot prices are about $35,000 to $45,000. Development Costs Development costs vary. A residential unit that is built on-site is more expensive than a manufactured housing unit that is installed on the site. Construction costs for site built housing run between $80 and $200 per square foot, and the typical cost is $100 per square foot. A typical single family home is about 1,800 square feet in size. For manufactured units, typical development costs (including the manufactured unit, transportation costs, and installation) are below $70 per square foot, and the typical manufactured unit is between 1,200 and 1,400 square feet. Total home development costs (including land, site improvements and development costs) in the Chico area would be about $230,000, whereas a manufactured housing unit on a standard lot (less than 6,000 square feet) could cost about $117,000 in Thermalito. According to Table 4-11, a moderate-income household of four persons at the bottom end of the income range could afford to pay $113,000 for a home, whereas a household at the top end of the moderate-income range could afford to purchase a home that sold for $170,000. Thus, a new manufactured unit would be affordable to a moderate-income household, whereas a conventional stick-built home would not be affordable even to the household at the top end of the moderate- income range. Development Cost Trends Chapter 4: Housing Butte County Housing Element May 25, 2004 Background Report 73 Table 4-37 shows per square foot sales prices of new homes as well as the size of new homes in Butte County and California for the ten-year period, 1991-2001. These statistics do not include manufactured housing units and have not been adjusted for inflation. In 1991, the average new house price in California was $189,200. In comparison, the average house price in Butte County in 1991 was $155,200. By using per square foot prices, the price comparison shown in Table 4-37 can control for variations in house sizes over time. Over this time period, the average annual price increase of about two percent in Butte County is the same as the rate of increase for California. Although prices increased at about the same rate, the price difference between new homes in California and Butte County grew. In 1991, the average house price in Butte County was about 63 percent of the average California house price. By 2001, the average Butte County price was 59 percent of the average California house price. So, in comparison to California, Butte County’s house prices did not rise as much during the last decade. From 1991 to 2001, the size of new single family homes did not vary much in Butte County. The average size of homes in Butte County did remain consistently smaller than the statewide average. TABLE 4-37 ANNUAL PRICES AND SIZES FOR NEW HOMES, BUTTE COUNTY AND CALIFORNIA (1991-2001) Butte County California Year Average Price per sq. ft. Annual Change Average Size of Home (sq. ft.) Average Price per sq. ft. Annual Change Average Size of Home (sq. ft.) 1991 $84.58 1,835 $120.88 2,040 1992 $86.57 2.40%1,780 $113.18 6.40%1,980 1993 $88.81 2.60%1,850 $110.74 2.20%1,965 1994 $88.28 0.60%1,740 $112.28 1.40%1,970 1995 $87.14 1.30%1,765 $112.90 0.50%1,985 1996 $83.75 3.90%1,840 $113.20 0.30%1,970 1997 $90.52 8.10%1,825 $118.73 4.90%2,045 1998 $90.30 0.20%1,835 $124.87 5.20%2,095 1999 $93.39 3.40%1,785 $133.21 6.70%2,120 2000 $94.89 1.60%1,860 $142.72 7.10%2,170 2001 $103.67 9.30%1,825 $146.96 3.00%2,170 Annual Average Change: 1991-2001 2.10% 2.10% Note: These prices are unadjusted for inflation. Source: Construction Industry Research Board. Environmental Constraints The Butte County valley area, located between the mountains on the east and the agricultural areas to the west, has been declared a critical habitat area, and no major development is allowed in order to protect the vernal pools that feed the aquifer underlying this valley area. The valley had been a corridor in which to develop, since the county is constrained by the mountains and lack of sewers in the eastern portion of the county and is constrained to the west by A-5 Chapter 4: Housing Butte County Housing Element May 25, 2004 Background Report 74 agricultural zoning (minimum parcel sizes of five acres). Although some development is occurring in this agricultural area, there is also pressure to preserve it. There is also a nitrate problem in the ground water of Chico and surrounding area. The Town of Paradise’s septic tanks have polluted Chico’s well water. Cleanup has started, but growth in and adjacent to Paradise is still constrained until a sewage system can be installed. Energy Conservation Opportunities State Housing Element Law requires an analysis of the opportunities for energy conservation in residential development. Energy efficiency has direct application to affordable housing because the more money spent on energy, the less is available for rent or mortgage payments. High energy costs have particularly detrimental effects on low-income households that do not have enough income or cash reserves to absorb cost increases and may times must choose between basic needs such as shelter, food, and energy. All new buildings in California must meet the standards contained in Title 24, Part 6 of the California Code of Regulations (Energy Efficiency Standards for Residential and Nonresidential Buildings). These regulations were established in 1978 and most recently updated in 1998 (effective date of July 1, 1999). Local governments through the building permit process enforce energy efficiency requirements. All new construction must comply with the standards in effect on the date a building permit application is made. Butte County is fully enforcing the provisions of Title 24 of the California Administrative Code, which provides for energy conservation in new residences. The standards found in Title 24 create energy savings of approximately 50 percent over residential construction practices used prior to the standards. The Butte County’s Development Services Department-Building Inspection Division demonstrates that it is aware of energy conserving design innovations and solar technology. The Division uses the Solar Systems Code Review Manual and its companion document, the Pool and Spa Solar Systems Code Review Manual, both published by ICBO, to facilitate the installation of appropriate solar systems. The county has land available for development on which energy efficient subdivision designs and development orientations could be tested. Through the use of its zoning (police) powers, the County could require that new residential developments take advantage of solar orientation and lay out their streets on an east-west axis when possible. However, Butte County is not in an area of either geothermal or significant wind activity, and, therefore, cannot take advantage of these additional alternative energy sources. It appears that the County, through the enforcement of Title 24 and by its sensitivity to innovative design, is making adequate use of residential energy conservation opportunities. The institution of the above described orientation and solar access standards would enhance the County’s efforts in this regard. Chapter 4: Housing Butte County Housing Element May 25, 2004 Background Report 75 4.5 EVALUATION Review of Existing Housing Element The following section reviews and evaluates the County’s progress in implementing the previous (1993) Housing Element. It reviews the results and effectiveness of programs, polices and objectives for the previous Housing Element. Information presented in Tables 4-38 and 4-39 assesses Butte County’s progress in implementing the previous housing element’s programs and policies. The majority of the 1993 Housing Element’s policies are still applicable to Butte County and will be retained in the 2003 Housing Element update. More changes are needed for the implementation programs. Some programs will be added, some will be made more specific, and a few will be deleted. To some extent, Butte County is limited in what it can accomplish through its housing strategy due to environmental constraints as well as a lack of funds. For example, Butte County does not have any housing set-aside funds. Although a portion of the Greater Chico Redevelopment Project Area is unincorporated, the County does not have own redevelopment project area. The County does not have an inclusionary housing program, nor does it have a housing mitigation program. The County depends on CDBG as its primary source of funds for housing assistance, and these are limited. What Was Learned from the Previous Housing Element The 1993 Housing Element included the following six broad goals for housing development in Butte County. These goals are outlined below and include a discussion on how future programs can benefit from information learned from the previous Housing Element. Provide the County’s Share of Housing for All Income Groups Since infrastructure and service limitations are the biggest constraints to the development of a variety of housing types within the unincorporated county, the new Housing Element should include programs and policies that use unincorporated areas of the Spheres of Influence (SOIs) of the cities to meet its housing allocation. According to the information shown in Table 4-17, by 1998, unincorporated Butte County met 89 percent of its total housing goals for the time period 1992-1997. Although the County more than exceeded goals established for the moderate- and above moderate-income groups, it did not meet the goals established for the very low-income and low-income groups. Table 4-17 also shows that about 25 percent of the housing goals established for the 2001-2008 period have been met, as of the end of April, 2003. However, this is due to new construction for the moderate- and above-moderate income groups, and not due to new housing unit development for the lower- income target groups. Finally, none of the units listed on Table 4-17 were multifamily units. Chapter 4: Housing Butte County Housing Element May 25, 2004 Background Report 76 The County increased housing opportunities with the approval of the North Chico Specific Plan and gave developers needed alternatives for scattered home site development with the approval of the Flexible Lot Size Ordinance. However, policies for the inclusion of housing types for all income groups were not included in the North Chico Specific Plan. Thus, the County should work to ensure that future Specific Plans include policies for a variety of housing types and income levels. Encourage Provision of Affordable Housing The County continues to participate in the CDBG revolving loan program. CDBG funds are funneled into eligible projects including low-income housing and areas in need of rehabilitation. The County has not applied for other federal or state housing funds. The County should pursue these funding sources in the future. Other program goals, such as facilitating the development of second dwellings, have been met, but no information was gathered as to income levels associated with second dwelling development. Nevertheless, second dwellings generally provide additional housing opportunities, and the County has exceeded the five-year goal in this area. Additional second dwellings will be encouraged with the County’s compliance with the new State law effective July 1, 2003 that removes the requirement for a discretionary permit for second dwellings. The County still needs to update its second dwelling ordinance to ensure that it complies with State law, and this should be included as a program in the updated Housing Element. The new ordinance should address existing design and development constraints currently imposed on second dwellings in order to comply with the new State law and to encourage the provision of affordable housing. Improve/Conserve Existing Housing The County has not adopted a comprehensive voluntary building code inspection process, but did adopt a nuisance abatement ordinance. This ordinance requires the case-by-case removal of dilapidated dwellings. A review of this ordinance indicates that the costs associated with the program limit removal of dwellings to a maximum of five units per year, considerably fewer than the five-year goal of removing or rehabilitating 155 dwelling units per year. The County should examine the need to provide additional funding for nuisance abatement to allow for an increase over five units per year as currently funded. Under the 1993 Housing Element, the County set a goal to provide a Housing Conditions Report as required. The County has not completed this report. Such a report should be based on information provided by the 2000 Census and also should include a comprehensive survey of housing in Butte County. This report could also be used as a foundation for implementing other programs within the new Housing Element. Meet Needs of Homeless Persons It is very difficult to quantify the homeless population in a given area, particularly in a widely dispersed area such as unincorporated Butte County. Services for homeless persons, such as Chapter 4: Housing Butte County Housing Element May 25, 2004 Background Report 77 homeless shelters, drop-in service centers, and transitional housing, are located in Chico and Oroville, rather than the unincorporated area of the county. Programs in the 1993 Housing Element were limited to providing homeless services referrals, assessing homeless services in the unincorporated county area, and assessing the demand for transitional housing. The County Department of Development Services routinely works with non-profit groups and other organizations that must apply for permits for group housing and shelters within the County. Future homeless program implementation should include a tracking mechanism to document contacts for such housing and the degree of success in obtaining the required permits. Equal Housing Opportunity The implementation program associated with this goal requires the Community Action Agency to provide referral services for cases involving Equal Housing Opportunity. The County should review this program to determine whether the Community Action Agency is still the appropriate entity for this purpose. A revised implementation program should also include a way to track referrals, since there is no information available on referrals since 1993. Energy Conservation The County continues to participate in the CDBG revolving loan program. Funds are used for eligible projects, including low-income housing and areas in need of rehabilitation. The County should track energy efficiency projects undertaken within this program under the new Housing Element. The County’s program to implement State Energy Conservation Standards is already a function of State law and should not be reflected as a Housing Element program. Ch a p t e r 4 : H o u s i n g Bu t t e C o u n t y H o u s i n g E l e m e n t May 25, 2004 Ba c k g r o u n d R e p o r t 78 T AB L E 4- 3 8 A SS E S S M E N T O F B UT T E C OU N T Y ’S 19 9 3 H OU S I N G E LE M E N T P OL I C I E S GO A L S A N D P O L I C I E S AS S E S S M E N T O F P O L I C Y IN C L U D E I N U P D A T E ? GO A L A To P r o v i d e f o r t h e C o u n t y ' s R e g i o n a l S h a r e o f N e w Ho u s i n g f o r A l l I n c o m e G r o u p s Po l i c y A . 1 . T h e C o u n t y w i l l c o n t in u e t o a d o p t c o m m u n i t y p l a n s , wi t h i n t h e f i n a n c i a l a b i l i t y o f t h e C o u n t y t o f i n a n c e t h e s e p l a n s , t o en h a n c e t h e C o u n t y ' s a b i l i t y t o m e e t i t s r e g i o n a l s h a r e o f h o u s i n g . Th e C o u n t y h a s r e s p o n d e d t o t h e n e e d f o r c o m m u n i t y p l a n s i n t h e af o r e m e n t i o n e d a r e a s . T h e C o u n t y s h o u l d c o n t i n u e t o d e v e l o p a r e a pl a n s , i n c o o r d i n a t i o n w i t h U r b a n A r e a s t o e n s u r e t h a t h i g h e r d e n s i t y de v e l o p m e n t i s p l a c e d w h e r e f a c i l i t i e s a n d s e r v i c e s c a n b e e x t e n d e d i n th e m o s t e f f i c i e n t m a n n e r . Ye s , w i t h c a v e a t t h a t c o m m u n i t y pl a n s w i l l b e d i r e c t e d a t a r e a s wi t h i n B u t t e C o u n t y ’ s c i t i e s ’ sp h e r e s o f i n f l u e n c e . Po l i c y A . 2 . T h e C o u n t y w i l l c o n t i nu e t o a n n u a l l y m o n i t o r z o n i n g t o en s u r e t h a t s u f f i c i e n t l a n d i s z o n e d a t v a r i o u s d e n s i t i e s t o m e e t t h e Co u n t y ' s r e g i o n a l s h a r e o f h o u s i n g . Th e a d v e n t o f G I S t e c h n o l o g y a n d s ub s e q u e n t u s e o f t h i s r e s o u r c e i n th e C o u n t y w i l l m a k e a n a n n u a l a s s e s s m e n t o f z o n i n g a v a i l a b i l i t y ea s i e r t o a c c o m p l i s h . T h e n e w h o u s in g e l e m e n t s h o u l d i d e n t i f y t h e ro l e G I S w i l l p l a y i n t h e f u t u r e a n a l y s i s o f z o n i n g a v a i l a b i l i t y a n d a l s o sp e c i f y a d a t e f o r w h i c h t h i s i n f o r m a t i o n w i l l b e p r o v i d e d i n a r e p o r t to b e p r o v i d e d t o t h e P l a n n i n g C o m m i s s i o n o r D i r e c t o r o f De v e l o p m e n t S e r v i c e s t o e n s u r e a c co u n t a b i l i t y . Ye s Po l i c y A . 3 . Z o n i n g f o r h i g h e r d e n s it y r e s i d e n t i a l de v e l o p m e n t w i l l em p h a s i z e d e v e l o p m e n t w i th i n o r a d j a c e n t t o e x i s t i n g u r b a n a r e a s i n wh i c h p u b l i c f a c i l i t i e s a n d s e r v i c e s c a n b e e x t e n d e d , o r w i t h i n l a r g e , ma s t e r p l a n n e d d e v e l o p m e n t s w h i c h t h e h a v e t h e f i n a n c i a l c a p a b i l i t y of p r o v i d i n g n e e d e d p u b l i c f a c i l i t i e s a n d s e r v i c e s f o r h i g h e r d e n s i t y de v e l o p m e n t . Th e B u t t e C o u n t y D e p a r t m e n t o f De v e l o p m e n t S e r v ic e s i m p l e m e n t s th i s p o l i c y t h r o u g h r e v i e w if a l l d i s c r e t i o n a r y l a nd u s e a p p l i c a t i o n s t o en s u r e t h e a d e q u a t e p r o v i s i o n o f s e r v i c e s a n d f a c i l i t i e s . Ye s . GO A L B En c o u r a g e t h e P r o v i s i o n o f A f f o r d a b l e H o u s i n g Po l i c y B . 1 . E s t a b l i s h a f f o r d a b l e h o u s in g g o a l s , t o b e n e g o t i a t e d , f o r la r g e - s c a l e d e v e l o p m e n t s w h i c h c on t a i n a m i x t u r e o f r e s i d e n t i a l de n s i t i e s . Th e C o u n t y h a s n o t d e v e l o p e d a f f o r d a b l e h o u s i n g g o a l s f o r l a r g e - s c a l e de v e l o p m e n t s . T h e s e t y p e s o f g o a ls s h o u l d b e e x p r e s s e d w i t h i n sp e c i f i c p l a n n i n g a r e a s w h e n a n d i f t h e y a r e d e v e l o p e d i n t h e n e x t pl a n n i n g p e r i o d . Ye s Po l i c y B . 2 . T h e C o u n t y w i l l w o r k w i t h o t h e r p u b l i c a g e n c i e s , de v e l o p e r s , a n d n o n - p r o f i t h o u s i n g c o r po r a t i o n s t o m a k e u s e o f s t a t e an d f e d e r a l p r o g r a m s f o r l o w - a n d m o d e r a t e - i n c o m e h o u s i n g . Th e C o u n t y c o n t i n u e s t o p a r t i c i p a t e i n t h e C D B G r e v o l v i n g l o a n pr o g r a m . C D B G f u n d s a r e f u n n e l e d in t o e l i g i b l e p r o j e c t s i n c l u d i n g lo w - i n c o m e h o u s i n g a n d a r e a s i n n e e d o f r e h a b i l i t a t i o n Ye s . Po l i c y B . 3 . T h e C o u n t y w i l l a l s o i n v e st i g a t e t h e f e a s i b i l i t y o f i s s u i n g ta x - e x e m p t b o n d s o r m o r t g a g e c r e d it c e r t i f i c a t e s t o p r o v i d e l o w - in t e r e s t f i n a n c i n g f o r a f f o r d a b l e h o u s i n g d e v e l o p m e n t, i f r e q u e s t e d by a d e v e l o p e r e l i g i b l e t o u s e t h i s f o r m o f f i n a n c i n g . Re c o r d s i n d i c a t e t h a t t h e C o u n t y h a s n o t w o r k e d w i t h t h e s e f i n a n c i n g ar r a n g e m e n t s , n o r h a s a n y d e v e l o p e r di s c u s s e d t h i s f i n a n c i n g w i t h t h e Co u n t y . S i n c e t h e m a j o r i t y o f f u n d i n g f o r a f f o r d a b l e h o u s i n g w i l l b e ob t a i n e d d i r e c t l y b y d e v e l o p e r s , t h i s p o l i c y w i l l n o t b e i n c l u d e d i n t h e Ho u s i n g E l e m e n t u p d a t e . Ye s Po l i c y B . 4 . T h e C o u n t y w i l l p r ov i d e d e n s i t y b o n u s e s t o h o m e bu i l d e r s p r o p o s i n g t o i n c l u d e a m i n i m u m s p e c i f i e d p e r c e n t a g e o f lo w - a n d m o d e r a t e - i n c o m e d w e l li n g u n i t s w i t h i n r e s i d e n t i a l de v e l o p m e n t s . Th e Z o n i n g O r d i n a n c e c o n t a i n s de n s i t y b o n u s a l l o w a n c e p r o v i s i o n s th a t c o m p l y w i t h t h e S t a t e D e n s i t y B o n u s L a w . I f r e t a i n e d t h e g o a l s sh o u l d b e r e v i s e d i n l i g h t o f t h e f a ct t h a t n o d e n s i t y b o n u s e s h a v e b e e n ap p l i e d f o r b e t w e e n 1 9 9 3 a n d 1 9 9 8 . Re t a i n p o l i c y a n d r e v i s e d e n s i t y bo n u s p r o g r a m . Ch a p t e r 4 : H o u s i n g Bu t t e C o u n t y H o u s i n g E l e m e n t May 25, 2004 Ba c k g r o u n d R e p o r t 79 GO A L S A N D P O L I C I E S AS S E S S M E N T O F P O L I C Y IN C L U D E I N U P D A T E ? Po l i c y B . 5 . T h e C o u n t y w i l l c o o p e r a te w i t h t h e H o u s i n g A u t h o r i t y t o se e k f u n d i n g f r o m t h e S t a t e o f C a l i f o r n i a a n d t h e U . S . F a r m e r s Ho m e A d m i n i s t r a t i o n t o e x p a n d t h e s u p p l y o f h o u s i n g f o r m i g r a n t fa r m w o r k e r s . Th e H o u s i n g A u t h o r i t y ’ s F a r m L a b o r P r o g r a m o f f e r s f a m i l y h o u s i n g to " f a r m l a b o r " w o r k e r s a s d e f i ne d b y U S D A R u r a l D e v e l o p m e n t (R D ) . Re g a i n , b u t e x p a n d p o l i c y t o di s t i n g u i s h b e t w e e n p e r m a n e n t an d s e a s o n a l f a r m w o r k e r s . Po l i c y B . 6 . T h e C o u n t y w i l l i d e n t i f y s u r p l u s g o v e r n m e n t p r o p e r t y wh i c h c o u l d b e u s e d f o r t h e c o n s tr u c t i o n o f h o u s i n g a f f o r d a b l e t o lo w - a n d m o d e r a t e - i n c o m e h o u s e h o l d s . No s u r p l u s g o v e r n m e n t p r o p e r t y h a s b e e n i d e n t i f i e d f o r t h e co n s t r u c t i o n o f a f f o r d a b l e h o u s i n g d u r i n g t h e p l a n n i n g p e r i o d . Ye s GO A L C Im p r o v e / C o n s e r v e t h e E x i s t i n g S u p p l y o f H o u s i n g Po l i c y C . 1 . P r o v i d e a s s i s t a n c e t o in s p e c t a n d i d e n t i f y c o d e v i o l a t i o n s in r e s i d e n t i a l b u i l d i n g s . C o d e i n s p e c t i o n s h a l l b e o n a v o l u n t a r y ba s i s . Th e C o u n t y h a s n o t a d o p t e d a c o m p r e h e n s i v e v o l u n t a r y b u i l d i n g c o d e in s p e c t i o n p r o c e s s . T h e C o u n t y d o e s a d m i n i s t e r C o m m u n i t y De v e l o p m e n t B l o c k G r a n t s . D u r i n g t h is p r o c e s s , e l i g i b l e h o u s i n g i s in s p e c t e d f o r b u i l d i n g c o d e c o m p l i a n c e , a n d r e c o m m e n d a t i o n s a r e ma d e f o r c o m p l i a n c e . Re t a i n , b u t d r o p c o m p r e h e n s i v e vo l u n t a r y b u i l d i n g c o d e in s p e c t i o n p r o c e s s . Po l i c y C . 2 . C o n t i n u e t o a p p l y , w h e n f e a s i b l e , f o r s t a t e a n d f e d e r a l as s i s t a n c e f o r h o u s i n g r e h a b i l i t a ti o n f o r l o w - i n c o m e h o u s e h o l d s . Re n t a l h o u s i n g t h a t i s r e p a i r e d wi t h g o v e r n m e n t a s s i s t a n c e s h a l l re m a i n a f f o r d a b l e t o l o w - i n c o m e h o u s e h o l d s f o r a s p e c i f i e d p e r i o d o f ti m e . Th e C o u n t y c o n t i n u e s t o p a r t i c i p a t e i n t h e C D B G r e v o l v i n g l o a n pr o g r a m . C D B G f u n d s a r e f u n n e l e d in t o e l i g i b l e p r o j e c t s i n c l u d i n g lo w - i n c o m e h o u s i n g a n d a r e a s i n n e e d Ye s Po l i c y C . 3 . R e q u i r e t h e a b a t e m e n t o r d e m o l i t i o n o f s u b s t a n d a r d ho u s i n g t h a t i s n o t e c o n o m i c a l ly f e a s i b l e t o r e p a i r . Th e C o u n t y h a s a d o p t e d a n u i s an c e a b a t e m e n t or d i n a n c e . A co m p o n e n t o f t h i s o r d i n a n c e c a l l s f o r t h e c a s e - b y - c a s e r e m o v a l o f di l a p i d a t e d d w e l l i n g s . Ye s Po l i c y C . 4 . S e e k , t h r o u g h c o d e e n f o r c e m e n t , t h e p r i v a t e re h a b i l i t a t i o n o f s u b s t a n d a r d d w e l l i n g u n i t s a n d p r o v i d e f i n a n c i a l as s i s t a n c e , w h e n a v a i l a b l e , t o o w ne r s o f d w e l l i n g u n i t s o c c u p i e d b y lo w - i n c o m e h o u s e h o l d s . I n a p p l y i ng t h i s p o l i c y , t h e C o u n t y s h a l l se e k t o a v o i d t h e d i s p l a c e m e n t o f l o w - i n c o m e h o u s e h o l d s . Th e C o m m u n i t y A c t i o n A g e n c y r e h a b s h o u s i n g f o r q u a l i f i e d re s i d e n t s . T h e C o m m u n i t y A c t i o n Ag e n c y a l s o c o l l a b o r a t e s w i t h va r i o u s p u b l i c p r o g r a m s t o pr o v i d e t h e s e s e r v i c e s . Ye s . Po l i c y C . 5 . T h e C o u n t y w i l l p e r i od i c a l l y s u r v e y h o u s i n g c o n d i t i o n s in t h e u n i n c o r p o r a t e d a r e a t o m a i n t a i n a c u r r e n t d a t a b a s e o n h o u s i n g re p a i r n e e d s . An u p d a t e o f H o u s i n g C o n d i t i o n s i n B u t t e C o u n t y h a s n o t b e e n ac c o m p l i s h e d . Ye s Po l i c y C . 6 . T h e C o m m u n i t y A c t i o n A g e n c y w i l l c o n t i n u e t o p u r s u e al l s o u r c e s o f f u n d i n g f o r m a i n t a i n i n g a n d e x p a n d i n g t h e s u p p l y o f su b s i d i z e d h o u s i n g f o r l o w - i n c o m e h o u s e h o l d s . Th i s i s a n o n g o i n g c o m m i t m e n t t h at i s p u r s u e d b y t h e C o m m u n i t y Ac t i o n A g e n c y . Ye s GO A L D To M e e t t h e N e e d s o f H o m e l e s s P e r s o n s Po l i c y D . 1 . T o r e f e r h o m e l e s s p e r s on s w i t h i n t h e s e r v i c e a r e a o f ex i s t i n g h o m e l e s s s h e l t e r s t o t h o s e s h e l t e r s . Th e C o u n t y p r o v i d e s r e f e r r a l s . Ye s . Ch a p t e r 4 : H o u s i n g Bu t t e C o u n t y H o u s i n g E l e m e n t May 25, 2004 Ba c k g r o u n d R e p o r t 80 GO A L S A N D P O L I C I E S AS S E S S M E N T O F P O L I C Y IN C L U D E I N U P D A T E ? Po l i c y D . 2 . T o d e t e r m i n e t h e n e e d f o r a h o m e l e s s s h e l t e r i n t h e un i n c o r p o r a t e d c o u n t y a r e a f o r h o m el e s s p e r s o n s i n o n e o r m o r e po r t i o n s o f t h e c o u n t y w h o d o n o t h a v e a c c e s s t o e x i s t i n g s h e l t e r s i n th e O r o v i l l e a n d C h i c o u r b a n a r e a s . It i s d i f f i c u l t t o a s s e s s t h e n e e d f o r a h o m e l e s s s h e l t e r i n t h e un i n c o r p o r a t e d p o r t i o n o f t h e C o u n t y, w h e n r e f e r r a l s a r e a l m o s t ex c l u s i v e l y d i s t r i b u t e d t o r e s o u r c e s i n t h e u r b a n a r e a s . I t i s a l s o re c o g n i z e d t h a t i m p o r t a n t s e r v i c e s an d f a c i l i t i e s a r e o n l y a v a i l a b l e wi t h i n a n u r b a n s e t t i n g , a n d a r e n o t t y p i c a l l y a v a i l a b l e f o r t h e es t a b l i s h m e n t o f l a r g e r c a re f a c i l i t i e s i n t h e r u r a l a r e a s o f t h e C o u n t y . Ye s Po l i c y D . 3 . T o p r o v i d e t r a n s i t i on a l h o u s i n g a s a b r i d g e b e t w e e n ho m e l e s s f a c i l i t i e s a n d i n d e p e n d e n t l i v i n g . Th e E s p l a n a d e H o u s e i s a T r a n s i t i o n a l S h e l t e r P r o g r a m d e s i g n e d t o pr o v i d e s h e l t e r a n d e s s e n t i a l s e r v i c e s f o r h o m e l e s s f a m i l i e s i n B u t t e Co u n t y , l o c a t e d i n N o r t h e r n C a l i fo r n i a . T h e E s p l a n a d e H o u s e i s a Pr o g r a m o f t h e C o m m u n i t y A c t i o n A g e n c y o f B u t t e C o u n t y , I n c . a n d is a s h a r e d r e s p o n s i b i l i t y w i t h th e E s p l a n a d e H o u s e C h i l d r e n ' s F u n d . Ye s GO A L E To E n s u r e E q u a l H o u s i n g O p p o r t u n i t y E. 1 . T h e C o u n t y w i l l c o n t i n u e t o p r ov i d e r e f e r r a l s e r v i c e s t o s t a t e an d f e d e r a l a g e n c i e s w h i c h pr o c e s s h o u s i n g d i s c r i m i n a t i o n co m p l a i n t s . Th i s i s a n o n g o i n g c o m m i t m e n t o f t h e C o u n t y . Ye s GO A L F To P r o m o t e E n e r g y C o n s e r v a t i o n Po l i c y F . 1 . C o n t i n u e t o i m p l e m e n t s t a t e e n e r g y - e f f i c i e n t s t a n d a r d s . Th i s i s r e q u i r e d u n d e r e x i s t i n g S t at e l a w , a n d B u t t e C o u n t y c o m p l i e s wi t h t h e S t a t e ’ s E n e r g y E f f i c i e n c y S t a n d a r d s f o r n e w d e v e l o p m e n t . De l e t e Po l i c y F . 2 . D e v e l o p s i t e d e s i g n gu i d e l i n e s f o r e n e r g y c o n s e r v i n g de v e l o p m e n t p a t t e r n s . No s i t e d e v e l o p m e n t s t a n d a r d s h a v e b e e n i m p l e m e n t e d a t t h i s t i m e . Ye s Po l i c y F . 3 . P r o v i d e w e a t h e r i z a t i o n a s s i s t a n c e t o l o w - i n c o m e ho u s e h o l d s . Th e C o m m u n i t y A c t i o n A g e n c y ’ s H o u s i n g & C o m m u n i t y De v e l o p m e n t D e p a r t m e n t ( H C D D ) a d m i n i s t e r s t h e h o m e we a t h e r i z a t i o n p r o g r a m . Ye s So u r c e s : B u t t e C o u n t y G e n e r a l P l a n H ou s i n g E l e m e n t ( 1 9 9 3 ) , B u t t e C o u n t y s t a ff , a n d V e r n a z z a W o l f e A s s o c i a t e s , I n c . Ch a p t e r 4 : H o u s i n g Bu t t e C o u n t y H o u s i n g E l e m e n t May 25, 2004 Ba c k g r o u n d R e p o r t 81 T AB L E 4- 3 9 A SS E S S M E N T O F B UT T E C OU N T Y 19 9 3 H OU S I N G E LE M E N T I MP L E M E N T A T I O N P RO G R A M S GO A L S A N D P R O G R A M S FI V E - Y E A R G O A L S (1 9 9 3 - 1 9 9 8 ) AC T U A L A C C O M P L I S H M E N T AN A L Y S I S O F DI F F E R E N C E DELETE, RETAIN OR MODIFY IN 2003 HOUSING ELEMENT G OA L A: T O P RO V I D E T HE C OU N T Y ’S S HA R E O F H OU S I N G F OR A LL I NC O M E G RO U P S Pr o g r a m 1 . P r o v i d e a d e q u a t e si t e s f o r h o u s i n g . Se e k s t a t e a n d f e d e r a l f u n d i n g a s w e l l a s co o p e r a t i o n f r o m c i t i e s a n d d e v e l o p e r s f o r in f r a s t r u c t u r e i m p r o v e me n t s t o u n d e v e l o p e d ar e a s . C r e a t e a p l a n s h o w i n g t h e p u b l i c fa c i l i t i e s n e e d s a n d p r o v i d e f o r t h e f i n a n c i n g of n e e d e d i n f r a s t r u c t u r e . Th e C o u n t y c o n t i n u e s t o p a r t i c i p a t e i n th e C D B G r e v o l v i n g l o a n p r o g r a m . Fu n d s a r e f u n n e l e d i n t o e l i g i b l e pr o j e c t s , i n c l u d i n g l o w - i n c o m e ho u s i n g a n d a r e a s i n n e e d o f re h a b i l i t a t i o n . . Retain Pr o g r a m 2 . C o m m u n i t y p l a n a n d zo n i n g c o n s i s t e n c y . Mo n i t o r d e v e l o p m e n t a n d r e v i s i o n o f co m m u n i t y p l a n s i n t h e c o u n t y t o e n s u r e co n s i s t e n c y w i t h C o u n t y ’ s d e v e l o p m e n t go a l s , p a r t i c u l a r l y w i t h r e s p e c t t o h i g h e r - de n s i t y , l o w - i n c o m e h o u s i n g . Th e N o r t h C h i c o S p e c i f i c P l a n w a s ad o p t e d o n M a r c h 2 8 , 1 9 9 5 . T h i s p l a n is i n t e n d e d t o s e r v e a s a b r o a d re a c h i n g s i t e p l a n n i n g t o o l t o a l l o w fo r c r e a t i v e a n d i m a g i n a t i v e p l a n n i n g of l a r g e s c a l e , m i x e d - u s e de v e l o p m e n t . T h i s p l a n a l l o w s f o r t h e de v e l o p m e n t o f 2 , 8 9 6 d w e l l i n g u n i t s . Th e B o a r d o f S u p e r v i s o r s a p p r o v e d th e C h a p m a n M u l b e r r y N e i g h b o r h o o d Pl a n o n J a n u a r y 2 5 , 2 0 0 0 . T h i s p l a n wa s a p p r o v e d t o p r e s e r v e a n d e n h a n c e th e s i n g l e f a m i l y r e s i d e n t i a l c h a r a c t e r of t h e n e i g h b o r h o o d c o r e a n d p r o m o t e th e r e v i t a l i z a t i o n o f t h e Ch a p m a n / M u l b e r r y N e i g h b o r h o o d . Me t , a l t h o u g h i n c o m e l e v e l s no t t r a c k e d . Retain Pr o g r a m 3 . D e v e l o p s i t e s f o r mu l t i f a m i l y h o u s i n g . En c o u r a g e m u l t i p l e s m a l l - s c a l e m u l t i f a m i l y pr o j e c t s w i t h d e n s i t y bo n u s e s , f e e w a i v e r s f o r lo w - i n c o m e p r o j e c t s , e t c . D e v e l o p 1 5 0 u n i t s of m u l t i f a m i l y h o u s i n g : 6 0 % ( 9 0 u n i t s ) af f o r d a b l e t o v e r y l o w - i n c o m e h o u s e h o l d s , an d 4 0 % ( 6 0 u n i t s ) a f f o r d a b l e t o l o w - i n c o m e ho u s e h o l d s . Du r i n g a t e n - y e a r p e r i o d f r o m 1 9 9 2 t o 20 0 2 B u t t e C o u n t y a p p r o v e d 4 , 3 6 5 si n g l e f a m i l y d w e l l i n g s a n d 1 7 mu l t i f a m i l y d w e l l i n g s . T h e C o u n t y di d n o t t r a c k i n f o r m a t i o n o n i n c o m e le v e l . Ho u s e h o l d I n c o m e l e v e l s no t t r a c k e d . If retained, develop household income tracking mechanism. Ch a p t e r 4 : H o u s i n g Bu t t e C o u n t y H o u s i n g E l e m e n t May 25, 2004 Ba c k g r o u n d R e p o r t 82 GO A L S A N D P R O G R A M S FI V E - Y E A R G O A L S (1 9 9 3 - 1 9 9 8 ) AC T U A L A C C O M P L I S H M E N T AN A L Y S I S O F DI F F E R E N C E DELETE, RETAIN OR MODIFY IN 2003 HOUSING ELEMENT Pr o g r a m 4 . I n c r e a s e s i t e s f o r sp e c i a l g r o u p h o u s i n g . Al l o w r e s i d e n t i a l u s e i n a n y r e s i d e n t i a l z o n e in t h e c o u n t y t o s p e c i a l n e e d s h o u s i n g . Th e C o u n t y a b i d e s b y S t a t e l a w w i t h re s p e c t t o a l l o w i n g g r o u p h o m e s se r v i n g s i x o r f e w e r r e s i d e n t s . L a r g e r fa c i l i t i e s a r e p e r m i t t e d w i t h a M i n o r Us e P e r m i t . U s e P e r m i t f e e s m a y a l s o be w a i v e d i n c e r t a i n c i r c u m s t a n c e s f o r el i g i b l e a p p l i c a n t s . Me t Delete. Group housing is already provided for under the County’s existing zoning ordinance. Pr o g r a m 5 . T r a n s f e r p o r t i o n o f Co u n t y ’ s r e g i o n a l h o u s i n g sh a r e t o c i t i e s . Ne g o t i a t e a r r a n g e m e n t w i t h c i t i e s f o r re a s o n a b l e s h a r e o f C o u n t y ’ s l o w - i n c o m e ho u s i n g r e s p o n s i b i l i t y t o b e t r a n s f e r r e d t o ci t i e s . Th e C o u n t y h a s m e t w i t h o f f i c i a l s fr o m t h e C a l i f o r n i a D e p a r t m e n t o f Ho u s i n g a n d C o m m u n i t y De v e l o p m e n t t o r e d i s t r i b u t e t h e Co u n t y ’ s s h a r e t o t h e i n c o r p o r a t e d ci t i e s . Me t Retain G OA L B: E NC O U R A G E P RO V I S I O N O F A FF O R D A B L E H OU S I N G Pr o g r a m 6 . I n c r e a s e u s e o f De n s i t y B o n u s e s . Up d a t e c u r r e n t z o n i n g o r d i n a n c e t o i n c l u d e si n g l e f a m i l y h o m e s ; i d e n t i f y r e a s o n s w h y de v e l o p e r s d o n o t u s e d e n s i t y b o n u s e s , a n d en c o u r a g e d e v e l o p e r s t o u s e t h e m . E x p e c t t o de v e l o p 6 0 v e r y l o w - i n c o m e u n i t s , 4 0 l o w - in c o m e u n i t s , a n d 5 0 mo d e r a t e - i n c o m e u n i t s . Th e C o u n t y h a s n o t i d e n t i f i e d r e a s o n s wh y d e v e l o p e r s d o n o t u s e d e n s i t y bo n u s e s . No t m e t . T h e Z o n i n g Or d i n a n c e c o n t a i n s de n s i t y b o n u s a l l o w a n c e pr o v i s i o n s t h a t c o m p l y wi t h t h e S t a t e D e n s i t y Bo n u s L a w . If retained the goals should be revised in light of the fact that no density bonuses have been applied for between 1993 and 1998. Pr o g r a m 7 . R e q u i r e l a r g e - s c a l e re s i d e n t i a l d e v e l o p m e n t s t o pr o v i d e a f f o r d a b l e u n i t s a n d la r g e u n i t s . Re q u i r e 5 % t o 2 5 % o f u n i t s i n n e w l a r g e - sc a l e d e v e l o p m e n t s t o b e a f f o r d a b l e . I f t w o su c h d e v e l o p m e n t s w e r e a p p r o v e d ( 1 , 0 0 0 un i t s e a c h ) , t h i s p r og r a m w o u l d y i e l d a mi n i m u m o f 1 0 0 a f f o r d a b l e u n i t s . Th e N o r t h C h i c o S p e c i f i c P l a n w a s ad o p t e d o n M a r c h 2 8 , 1 9 9 5 . T h i s p l a n do e s n o t i n c l u d e p r o v i s i o n s f o r af f o r d a b l e h o u s i n g . Ap p r o x i m a t e l y 2 8 p e r c e n t of t h e p r o j e c t e d 2 , 8 9 6 dw e l l i n g s a r e t o b e de v e l o p e d a t 7 d w e l l i n g un i t s / a c r e o r m o r e , a n d ap p r o x i m a t e l y 1 1 p e r c e n t ar e t o b e d e v e l o p e d a t 1 8 dw e l l i n g u n i t s / a c r e . I t i s an t i c i p a t e d t h a t t h i s h i g h e r de n s i t y d e v e l o p m e n t w i l l be m o r e a f f o r d a b l e t o lo w e r i n c o m e g r o u p s . Retain, but ensure that future Specific Plans include incentives for affordable housing. Ch a p t e r 4 : H o u s i n g Bu t t e C o u n t y H o u s i n g E l e m e n t May 25, 2004 Ba c k g r o u n d R e p o r t 83 GO A L S A N D P R O G R A M S FI V E - Y E A R G O A L S (1 9 9 3 - 1 9 9 8 ) AC T U A L A C C O M P L I S H M E N T AN A L Y S I S O F DI F F E R E N C E DELETE, RETAIN OR MODIFY IN 2003 HOUSING ELEMENT Pr o g r a m 8 . P u r s u e f u n d i n g un d e r s t a t e a n d f e d e r a l pr o g r a m s . Wh e n e v e r p o s s i b l e , t h e C o u n t y w i l l e i t h e r pu r s u e o r a s s i s t a n o n - p r o f i t d e v e l o p e r t o pu r s u e S t a t e a n d F e d e r a l F u n d i n g f o r af f o r d a b l e h o u s i n g . Re c o r d s i n d i c a t e t h a t t h e C o u n t y h a s no t w o r k e d w i t h a n o n - p r o f i t de v e l o p e r t o p u r s u e s t a t e a n d f e d e r a l fu n d i n g f o r a f f o r d a b l e h o u s i n g . S u c h de v e l o p m e n t s u s u a l l y r e q u i r e in f r a s t r u c t u r e n o t a v a i l a b l e w i t h i n t h e co u n t y , s u c h a s s e w a g e d i s p o s a l sy s t e m s a n d o t h e r s e r v i c e s . No t m e t . Retain. Pr o g r a m 9 . W o r k w i t h o n e o r mo r e d e v e l o p e r s t o o b t a i n ta x - e x e m p t b o n d f i n a n c i n g . Fi n a n c e a t l e a s t o n e p r oj e c t w i t h t a x - e x e m p t bo n d s , o r p r o v i d e m o r t g a g e c r e d i t c e r t i f i c a t e s (M C C ’ s ) f o r b o r r o w e r s i n a t l e a s t o n e p r o j e c t . Ob j e c t i v e i s f o r 5 0 v e r y l o w - i n c o m e , 7 5 l o w - in c o m e , a n d 1 0 0 m o d e r a t e - i n c o m e u n i t s . Re c o r d s i n d i c a t e t h a t t h e C o u n t y h a s no t w o r k e d w i t h t h e s e f i n a n c i n g ar r a n g e m e n t s . D e v e l o p e r s d i r e c t l y ap p l y f o r t a x - e x e m p t b o n d f i n a n c i n g , an d n o l o n g e r u s e M C C ’ s . No t m e t . Delete. Pr o g r a m 1 0 . C o n s t r u c t s c a t t e r e d - si t e h o u s i n g Pr o v i d e p u b l i c s u b s i d y f o r 2 5 v e r y l o w - in c o m e u n i t s a n d 1 5 l o w - i n c o m e u n i t s Re c o r d s i n d i c a t e t h a t t h e C o u n t y h a s no t a p p l i e d f o r f u n d i n g o r p r o v i d e d an y p u b l i c s u b s i d y f o r v e r y l o w a n d lo w - i n c o m e u n i t s . No t m e t . Combine with Program 8. Pr o g r a m 1 1 . E n c o u r a g e l e n d e r co m p l i a n c e w i t h t h e Co m m u n i t y R e i n v e s t m e n t Ac t . En c o u r a g e f i n a n c i a l i n s t it u t i o n s t h a t f a l l u n d e r th e C o m m u n i t y R e i n v e s t m e n t A c t t o s u p p o r t lo w - a n d m o d e r a t e - i n c o m e h o u s i n g . G o a l i s t o fi n a n c e o n e o r m o r e a f f o r d a b l e h o u s i n g pr o j e c t s : 5 0 v e r y l o w - i n c o m e u n i t s a n d 7 5 lo w - i n c o m e u n i t s . Th e C o u n t y h a s n o t a c t e d t o i d e n t i f y fi n a n c i a l i n s t i t u t i o n s o p e r a t i n g i n t h e Co u n t y t h a t f a l l u n d e r t h e re q u i r e m e n t s o f t h i s a c t . No t m e t . Delete. Access to financing is no longer an issue. Pr o g r a m 1 2 . E n c o u r a g e ma n u f a c t u r e d h o u s i n g ou t s i d e m o b i l e h o m e p a r k s . Al l o w m a n u f a c t u r e d h o m e s o n a r e a s z o n e d re s i d e n t i a l a s l o w - c o s t a l t e r n a t i v e . G o a l i s ap p r o v a l o f 1 0 0 p e r m i t s f o r s e c o n d u n i t s , 5 0 af f o r d a b l e t o v e r y l o w - i n c o m e h o u s e h o l d s an d 5 0 a f f o r d a b l e t o l o w - i n c o m e h o u s e h o l d s . Du r i n g t h e p e r i o d 1 9 9 3 t h r o u g h 1 9 9 9 , 14 0 p e r m a n e n t s e c o n d d w e l l i n g s w e r e ap p r o v e d i n t h e c o u n t y . T h e C o u n t y di d n o t t r a c k w h i c h i n c o m e g r o u p s ut i l i z e t h e s e u n i t s . A l l o f t h e te m p o r a r y s e c o n d d w e l l i n g s a n d m a n y of t h e p e r m a n e n t s e c o n d d w e l l i n g s we r e m a n u f a c t u r e d h o m e s . Ex c e e d e d g o a l , b u t d i d n o t tr a c k i n c o m e l e v e l s . Retain and try to track income levels for next Housing Element period. Ch a p t e r 4 : H o u s i n g Bu t t e C o u n t y H o u s i n g E l e m e n t May 25, 2004 Ba c k g r o u n d R e p o r t 84 GO A L S A N D P R O G R A M S FI V E - Y E A R G O A L S (1 9 9 3 - 1 9 9 8 ) AC T U A L A C C O M P L I S H M E N T AN A L Y S I S O F DI F F E R E N C E DELETE, RETAIN OR MODIFY IN 2003 HOUSING ELEMENT Pr o g r a m 1 3 . F a c i li t a t e s e c o n d un i t s a n d m o b i l e h o m e s . Ex a m i n e Z o n i n g O r d i n a n c e t o s e e i f c h a n g e s ar e n e e d e d t o e n c o u r a g e s e c o n d u n i t s a n d mo b i l e h o m e s . A p p r ov e 1 0 0 p e r m i t s f o r se c o n d u n i t s ; 5 0 u n i t s t o b e a f f o r d a b l e t o v e r y lo w - i n c o m e h o u s e h o l d s a n d 5 0 u n i t s af f o r d a b l e t o l o w - i n c o m e h o u s e h o l d s Du r i n g t h e p e r i o d 1 9 9 3 t h r o u g h 1 9 9 9 , 17 4 t e m p o r a r y s e c o n d d w e l l i n g s w e r e ap p r o v e d i n t h e C o u n t y . T h e C o u n t y di d n o t t r a c k w h i c h i n c o m e g r o u p s ut i l i z e t h e s e u n i t s . Ex c e e d e d g o a l , b u t d i d n o t tr a c k i n c o m e l e v e l s . T h e Co u n t y s h o u l d u p d a t e i t s ex i s t i n g s e c o n d d w e l l i n g or d i n a n c e t o r e f l e c t cu r r e n t l a w a n d r e v i e w de s i g n a n d i m p r o v e m e n t st a n d a r d s t o e n c o u r a g e se c o n d d w e l l i n g s i n ac c o r d a n c e w i t h S t a t e l a w . Modify. G OA L C: I MP R O V E /C ON S E R V E E XI S T I N G H OU S I N G Pr o g r a m 1 4 . C o n t i n u e i n s p e c t i o n pr o g r a m . En a c t c o m p r e h e n s i v e v o l u n t a r y b u i l d i n g c o d e in s p e c t i o n f o r a f e e ( f r e e t o l o w - i n c o m e ho u s e h o l d s ) . Th e C o u n t y h a s n o t a d o p t e d a co m p r e h e n s i v e v o l u n t a r y b u i l d i n g co d e i n s p e c t i o n p r o c e s s . T h e C o u n t y do e s a d m i n i s t e r C o m m u n i t y De v e l o p m e n t B l o c k G r a n t s . D u r i n g th i s p r o c e s s , e li g i b l e h o u s i n g i s in s p e c t e d f o r b u i l d i n g c o d e co m p l i a n c e , a n d r e c o m m e n d a t i o n s a r e ma d e f o r c o m p l i a n c e . No t i m p l e m e n t e d . Delete. Conflicts with County’s inspection duties. Pr o g r a m 1 5 . C o n d u c t c o d e en f o r c e m e n t a n d a b a t e m e n t . Co u n t y t o i d e n t i f y u n s a f e h o u s i n g a n d re h a b i l i t a t e o r r e m o v e u n i t s . G o a l i s t o re m o v e o r r e c o n s t r u c t 1 5 5 d i l a p i d a t e d dw e l l i n g u n i t s . Th e C o u n t y h a s a d o p t e d a n u i s a n c e ab a t e m e n t o r d i n a n c e. A c o m p o n e n t o f th i s o r d i n a n c e c a l l s f o r t h e c a s e - b y - ca s e r e m o v a l o f d i l a pi d a t e d d w e l l i n g s . Th e c o s t s a s s o c i a t e d w i t h t h i s pr o g r a m w o u l d l i m i t r e m o v a l t o a ma x i m u m o f f i v e d w e l l i n g u n i t s p e r ye a r , m u c h l o w e r t h a n t h e 5 - y e a r g o a l of 1 5 5 u n i t s . Al t h o u g h t h e C o u n t y h a s ad o p t e d a n u i s a n c e ab a t e m e n t o r d i n a n c e , i t on l y h a s s u f f i c i e n t f u n d s to r e m o v e a m a x i m u m o f fi v e d w e l l i n g u n i t s p e r ye a r . Retain, but reduce unit goals. Pr o g r a m 1 6 . R e h a b i l i t a t e su b s t a n d a r d d w e l l i n g u n i t s . Co u n t y t o a p p l y f o r f u n d s t o a s s i s t l o w - in c o m e h o u s e h o l d s w i t h n e e d e d re h a b i l i t a t i o n . T h e g o a l i s t o a s s i s t 1 6 0 u n i t s . Th e C o u n t y c o n t i n u e s t o p a r t i c i p a t e i n th e C D B G r e v o l v i n g l o a n p r o g r a m . CD B G f u n d s a r e f u n n e l e d i n t o el i g i b l e p r o j e c t s i n c l u d i n g l o w - i n c o m e ho u s i n g a n d a r e a s i n n e e d o f re h a b i l i t a t i o n Si n c e t h e C o u n t y h a s n o t pu r s u e d o t h e r f u n d i n g so u r c e s , r e l i a n c e o n li m i t e d C D B G f u n d s h a s re d u c e d t h e n u m b e r o f un i t s r e h a b i l i t a t e d . Retain. Ch a p t e r 4 : H o u s i n g Bu t t e C o u n t y H o u s i n g E l e m e n t May 25, 2004 Ba c k g r o u n d R e p o r t 85 GO A L S A N D P R O G R A M S FI V E - Y E A R G O A L S (1 9 9 3 - 1 9 9 8 ) AC T U A L A C C O M P L I S H M E N T AN A L Y S I S O F DI F F E R E N C E DELETE, RETAIN OR MODIFY IN 2003 HOUSING ELEMENT Pr o g r a m 1 7 . R e q u i r e r e l o c a t i o n as s i s t a n c e . Co u n t y t o c o n s i d e r o r d i n a n c e t o m a k e la n d l o r d s i n v i o l a t i o n o f b u i l d i n g c o d e s p a y fo r t e n a n t r e l o c a t i o n a n d o f f e r r i g h t t o r e t u r n to r e h a b i l i t a t e d u n i t s t o t h e s e t e n a n t s . T h e go a l i s t o a s s i s t 1 5 5 h o u s e h o l d s w i t h re l o c a t i o n . Th e C o u n t y h a s n o t c o n s i d e r e d s u c h an o r d i n a n c e a t t h i s t i m e . No t m e t . Modify or delete Pr o g r a m 1 8 . M a i n t a i n t h e ho u s i n g c o n d i t i o n d a t a b a s e . Up d a t e d a t a b a s e o f c o n d i t i o n o f h o u s i n g i n un i n c o r p o r a t e d c o u n t y a b o u t e v e r y t w o y e a r s . Th e g o a l i s t o m a i n t a i n a d a t a b a s e i n w h i c h th e i n f o r m a t i o n i s n o t m o r e t h a n 3 0 m o n t h s ol d . An u p d a t e o f H o u s i n g C o n d i t i o n s i n Bu t t e C o u n t y h a s n o t b e e n ac c o m p l i s h e d . No t m e t . Retain. Pr o g r a m 1 9 . P r o v i d e z o n i n g fl e x i b i l i t y f o r h o u s i n g re h a b i l i t a t i o n . En c o u r a g e r e h a b i l i t a t i on o f o l d e r h o m e s b y al l o w i n g r e h a b d e s p i t e l a c k o f c o m p l i a n c e wi t h c u r r e n t z o n i n g r e q u i r e m e n t s . Bu t t e C o u n t y ’ s n o n - c o n f o r m i n g u s e or d i n a n c e ( B u t t e C o u n t y C o d e S e c t i o n 24 - 3 5 ) a l l o w s f o r r e h a b i l i t a t i o n o f ol d e r h o m e s d e s p i t e l a c k o f co m p l i a n c e w i t h c u r r e n t z o n i n g . Me t . Delete. Program now part of zoning ordinance. Pr o g r a m 2 0 . P r e s e r v e m o b i l e ho m e p a r k s . As s i s t m o b i l e h o m e p a r k r e s i d e n t s i n e f f o r t s to o w n a n d c o o p e r a t i v e l y r u n t h e p a r k s i n wh i c h t h e y l i v e . Th e r e i s n o r e c o r d o f t h e C o u n t y pr o v i d i n g a s s i s t a n c e i n t h i s m a n n e r . No t m e t . Questionable as to how this ever could be met.Delete. G OA L D: M EE T N EE D S O F H OM E L E S S P ER S O N S Pr o g r a m 2 1 . P r o v i d e h o m e l e s s se r v i c e s r e f e r r a l s . As s i s t h o m e l e s s p e r s o n s i n t h e u n i n c o r p o r a t e d Ch i c o a n d O r o v i l l e a r e a s t o a c c e s s h o m e l e s s se r v i c e s . Th e C o u n t y p r o v i d e r s i n f o r m a t i o n o n ho m e l e s s s e r v i c e s . If p r o g r a m i s r e t a i n e d , mo r e e x p l a n a t i o n i s ne e d e d i n c l u d i n g id e n t i f i c a t i o n o f w h i c h co u n t y d e p a r t m e n t i s re s p o n s i b l e . Delete or modify. Pr o g r a m 2 2 . A s s e s s h o m e l e s s se r v i c e s i n t h e un i n c o r p o r a t e d c o u n t y a r e a . Mo n i t o r n e e d f o r h o m e l e s s f a c i l i t i e s i n un i n c o r p o r a t e d a r e a . I d e n t i f y a r e a s o f un i n c o r p o r a t e d c o u n t y t h a t w o u l d b e ap p r o p r i a t e f o r h o m e l e s s f a c i l i t i e s . Th e r e i s n o r e c o r d o f p r o g r a m im p l e m e n t a t i o n . No t m e t . A s u r v e y o f ho m e l e s s n e e d s w o u l d b e us e f u l t o d e t e r m i n e t h e ty p e s a n d l o c a t i o n o f ne e d e d f a c i l i t i e s . Modify. Ch a p t e r 4 : H o u s i n g Bu t t e C o u n t y H o u s i n g E l e m e n t May 25, 2004 Ba c k g r o u n d R e p o r t 86 GO A L S A N D P R O G R A M S FI V E - Y E A R G O A L S (1 9 9 3 - 1 9 9 8 ) AC T U A L A C C O M P L I S H M E N T AN A L Y S I S O F DI F F E R E N C E DELETE, RETAIN OR MODIFY IN 2003 HOUSING ELEMENT Pr o g r a m 2 3 . P r o v i d e t r a n s i t i o n a l ho u s i n g . Co n s u l t w i t h h o m e l e s s s e r v i c e p r o v i d e r s a n d ho u s i n g n o n - p r o f i t s t o d e t e r m i n e i n t e r e s t i n pr o v i d i n g t r a n s i t i o n a l h o u s i n g i n un i n c o r p o r a t e d a r e a s . P r o v i d e s u c h h o u s i n g i f ne e d i s d e t e r m i n e d a n d f u n d i n g s e c u r e d . Th e r e i s n o r e c o r d o f t h e C o u n t y co n s u l t i n g f o r m a l l y w i t h h o m e l e s s se r v i c e p r o v i d e r s . S u c h p r o v i d e r s ha v e t y p i c a l l y c o n t a c t e d t h e C o u n t y fo r t h e n e c e s s a r y u s e p e r m i t s , a s n e e d di c t a t e s . T h e C o u n t y h a s w o r k e d w i t h no n - p r o f i t g r o u p s d u r i n g t h e p e r m i t pr o c e s s t o a s s i s t i n f i n d i n g f e a s i b l e lo c a t i o n s a n d i n g o i n g t h r o u g h t h e pe r m i t p r o c e s s . U s e Pe r m i t f e e s m a y al s o b e w a i v e d i n c e r t a i n ci r c u m s t a n c e s f o r e l i g i b l e a p p l i c a n t s . Me t t h r o u g h r o u t i n e pe r m i t t i n g . C o u n t y c o u l d in c l u d e a r e q u i r e m e n t t o tr a c k p e r m i t a p p l i c a t i o n s fo r t r a n s i t i o n a l g r o u p ho m e s a n d o t h e r s p e c i a l ne e d s h o u s i n g . Modify. G OA L E: E QU A L H OU S I N G O PP O R T U N I T Y Pr o g r a m 2 4 . I m p l e m e n t F a i r Ho u s i n g P r o g r a m . Wo r k w i t h l o c a l a n d s t a t e a g e n c i e s o n co m m u n i t y e d u c a t i o n a n d r e f e r r a l s . T h e g o a l is t o r e s o l v e o r r e f e r 1 0 0 f a i r h o u s i n g co m p l a i n t s a n d c o n d u c t a n n u a l a w a r e n e s s pr o g r a m s . Th e r e i s n o r e c o r d o f t h e C o u n t y wo r k i n g w i t h l o c a l a n d s t a t e a g e n c i e s on c o m m u n i t y e d u c a t i o n a n d r e f e r r a l s . No t m e t . Delete. G OA L F: E NE R G Y C ON S E R V A T I O N Pr o g r a m 2 5 . I m p l e m e n t s t a t e en e r g y c o n s e r v a t i o n st a n d a r d s . Re q u i r e a p p l i c a n t s f o r b u i l d i n g p e r m i t s t o co m p l y w i t h S t a t e e n e r g y e f f i c i e n c y st a n d a r d s . I n c r e a s e e f f i c i e n c y i n a l l n e w co n s t r u c t i o n . Th i s i s r e q u i r e d u n d e r e x i s t i n g S t a t e la w , a n d B u t t e C o u n t y c o m p l i e s w i t h th e S t a t e ’ s E n e r g y E f f i c i e n c y St a n d a r d s f o r n e w d e v e l o p m e n t . Me t . Delete. Pr o g r a m 2 6 . M o d i f y s i t e de v e l o p m e n t s t a n d a r d s Pr e p a r e s i t e d e v e l op m e n t s t a n d a r d s t h a t im p r o v e e n e r g y e f f i c i e n c y t h o r o u g h de v e l o p m e n t p a t t e r n s . No s i t e d e v e l o p m e n t s t a n d a r d s h a v e be e n i m p l e m e n t e d a t t h i s t i m e . No t m e t . P r o g r a m s h o u l d be m o d i f i e d t o i n c r e a s e sp e c i f i c i t y r e g a r d i n g en e r g y e f f i c i e n t de v e l o p m e n t s t a n d a r d s . Modify. Pr o g r a m 2 7 . P r o v i d e e n e r g y co n s e r v a t i o n a s s i s t a n c e t o lo w - i n c o m e h o u s e h o l d s He l p l o w - i n c o m e h o u s e h o l d s g e t a c c e s s t o gr a n t s t h a t a l l o w t h e m t o m a k e i m p r o v e m e n t s th a t i n c r e a s e e n e r g y e f f i c i e n c y . T h e g o a l i s t o we a t h e r i z e a n d i n s u l a te 2 0 0 d w e l l i n g u n i t s . Th e C o u n t y c o n t i n u e s t o p a r t i c i p a t e i n th e C D B G r e v o l v i n g l o a n p r o g r a m . Fu n d s a r e a l l o c a t e d t o e l i g i b l e p r o j e c t s in c l u d i n g l o w - i n c o m e h o u s i n g a n d ar e a s i n n e e d o f r e h a b i l i t a t i o n . T h e Co u n t y d o e s n o t t r a c k e n e r g y ef f i c i e n c y p r o j e c t s t h r o u g h t h i s pr o g r a m . No t m e t . Modify to track energy efficiency improvements through CDBG. So u r c e s : B u t t e C o u n t y G e n e r a l P l a n H ou s i n g E l e m e n t ( 1 9 9 3 ) , B u t t e C o u n t y s t a ff , a n d V e r n a z z a W o l f e A s s o c i a t e s , I n c .